Perspective of Higher Education Development in Indonesia. Djoko Santoso

Transkripsi

1 Perspective of Higher Education Development in Indonesia Djoko Santoso Director General of Higher Education Ministry of National Education June 2011

2 contents Introduction Number of students Number of institutions Challenges Policy on higher education Future expectation

3 A Development of Higher Education 3

4 Components Gross Enrollment Rate of Higher Education Year *) Age Students Public Private Special Religious based Open University GER(%) 18,26% 20,23% 20,66% 21,26% 22,00% 24,67% 26,34% 6,000,000 4,000,000 2,000,000 Development of Student Population 3,868,358 4,285,645 4,375,505 4,501,543 4,657,547 5,226, % 18.36% 15.26% 16.91% *) Population Census, 2010

5 Development of Staff Qualification( ) Year Qualif. Public Private Public Private Public Private < S S S Total PTN PTS PTN PTS PTN PTS < S1 S2 S

6 B Opportunities & Challenges 6

7 Economic Development Potential (Source: Menko Perekonomian) 2010 GDP: USD 700 Billion Per capita income USD GDP: USD 4~4,5 Trillion Expected per capita income USD GDP: USD 15~17,55 Trillion Expected per capita income USD

8 3 Main Resources for Economic Growth 1. Natural Resources Geothermal (largest reserve) Coal (no.2 in the world) Tin, Nickel (no. 2 and 4 in the world) Palm oil, Rubber, Cacao (no.1, 2, 2 in the world) Marine resources (largest teritory, mega biodiversity) Others 2. Experiences Poverty level Unemployment 13,3 11,5-12, ,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 Per capita income USD 1,947 2,590 3, * 3. Human Resource

9 Human Resource (Source: Menko Perekonomian) Demographic Bonus 100 Year of Independence Decreasing Dependency Ratio from : can become demographicdeviden deviden for economic development, provided that good human resource development is in place. 9

10 Human Resource Situation: Level of Education (Source: BPS) 4.60% University Universitas 3.20% 1.80% % Diploma I,II,III 2.20% % % Vocational SMK HS 6.20% 5.50% High SMA/MA School SMA SMP Junior SMP/MTs Secondary 14.60% 12.70% 10.30% 18.90% 20.20% 17.70% SD atau Primary tidak Education tamat SD 51.50% 55.50% 63.00% 0.00% 20.00% 40.00% 60.00% 80.00% Improving access to higher education!

11 Trends of Education Attainment 100% Meningkatkan penduduk bekerja dengan kualifikasi minimal lulusan pendidikan menengah dari 24,7 % menjadi 35,8 % pada tahun % 6.58% 7.10% 7.20% 8.14% 9.09% 10.04% 11.01% 90% 80% 18.55% 20.69% 21.76% 22.32% 23.01% 23.63% 24.22% 24.80% 70% 60% 50% 18.84% 18.57% 18.49% 18.90% 18.75% 18.59% 18.42% 18.22% 40% 37.99% 35.48% 28.27% 27% 29.22% 28.42% 27.63% 26.85% 26.09% 30% 20% 10% 18.42% 18.42% 24.37% 22.28% 21.67% 21.06% 20.47% 19.89% 0% Tamat PT Tamat SM Tamat SMP Tamat SD Tidak Tamat SD Catatan: 1. Data tahun diolah berdasarkan buku Perkembangan Beberapa Indikator Utama Sosial Ekonomi Indonesia 2009 dan 2010, 2. Data tahun diproyeksikan dengan asumsi sasaran APK tercapai 11

12 0.800 GER Across Provinces Disparity of Access

13 C Roles of HE & Policy on HE 13

14 The Roles of Higher Education Development based on knowledge & culture Interaction with Industry & Society Application of Science & Technology Research & Development Higher Education Publication Teaching & Learning Development of Human Capital Dissemination of Knowledge & Culture

15 Framework of Supply Demand Harmonization (Supply Side) (Demand Side) MoNE/MoRA, other Ministries Industry & Business Sectors as Users Dimension of Harmonization: Quantity, Quality/Competence, Location, Time

16 General Framework of HE Development Orientation Internationally competitive research University for National Innovation Orientation: long term National Development Orientation: Current and future Local and regional development skills human resource R&D & National innovation Competitive human resource Human Resource and regional R&D needs Human resource development at local level University mission is developed to match sustained sector development, local resources, and capacity of the institution

17 Grooming Research Universities and Developing Community Colleges Research University Teaching University/Pol ytechnics Grooming Research Universities One Flagship University and Two Polytechnics at each Province Community One Community College at each Colleges District/City 17

18 Improvement of Bureaucracy Efficiency & Effectiveness Integration of Process Efficiency & Effectiveness (Reduce unit input, increase productivity) Bureaucracy (Sharing) Resources ICT enabled 18

19 Target of Staff Qualification Improvement Indicator Baseline TARGET IKK4.7.1 IKK4.7.2 IKK4.7.3 IKK4.7.4 IKK4.7.5 IKK % Percentage of Public 73.8% (71.1%) HEI Staff with S2 * 82.5% 88.5% 94.5% 100.0% 51.7% Percentage of Private 46.7% (52.6%) HEI Staff with S2 * 57.0% 65.0% 75.0% 90.0% 17.5% Percentage of Public 16.1% (16.8%) HEI Staff with S3 * 20.0% 23.5% 26.5% 30.0% Percentage of Private 6.3% 5.0% HEI Staff with S3 (6.9%)* 8.0% 10.0% 12.5% 15.0% 39.3% Certified Public HEI 26.8% (39.2%) Staff * 50.0% 65.0% 80.0% 100.0% 10.5% Certified Private HEI 7.4% (10.3%) Staff * 26.0% 37.3% 48.7% 55.5%

20 Acceleration of Staff Qualifications 100% 90% 7.0% 7.8% 8.4% 9.5% 10.8% 12.5% 13.9% 15.5% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 43.6% 44.2% 47.9% 52.8% 56.3% 61.9% 68.8% 78.4% 49.4% 47.9% 43.7% 37.7% 32.9% 25.7% 17.3% 6.0% %S3 % S2 %<S1 In country PhD Scholarships: 10,000 Overseas PhD Scholarships: 3,000 20

21 DGHE Reform Intervention (Hibah/insentif) for Institutional Development Resource sharing Integration: National HE D b S Database System ICT Planning & Management 21

22 Develop Academic Culture Competi tiveness HIGHER EDUCATION Recogniti on Standard Benefit ECONOMY & SOCIAL DEVELOP MENT AUTONOMY QUALIFIED HUMAN RESOURCE IINFRASTRUCTURE QUALITY PROGRAM ACCOUNTABILITY ACADEMIC ATMOSPHERE

23 D Future Expectation & Law on Higher Education 23

24 Jenis Plan of Capacity Expansion Variabel Tahun Jumlah Mahasiswa 5,226,450 7,018,928 10,715,953 Penambahan Mahasiswa 1,792,478 3,697,025 Penambahan Mahasiswa PTN (60%) 1,075,487 2,218,215 Penambahan Unit Baru Target Daya Tampung CC (15%) 268, ,554 CC (Baru) Jumlah CC Mhs) Poltek Target Daya Tampung Poltek (6%) 107, ,822 (Baru) Jumlah Poltek Mhs) Un/In Target Daya Tampung (4%) 71, ,881 (Baru) Jumlah Univ/Inst. Mhs) Perluasan PT Eksisting Poltek Target Daya Tampung (5%) 89, ,851 Unv/Ins Target Daya Tampung (5%) 89, ,851 Penambahan PTK Dosen (1:20) 53, ,911 Tenaga Kependidikan (1:30) 35,850 73,941

25 No Development Plan Acceleration of: 1. Gross enrollment rate A 2. Quality and Relevance M Higher Education Action Plan Current Target A.1 Pembangunan Perguruan Tinggi Komunitas /Community College (Unit) A.2 Pembangunan Politeknik (Unit) A.3 Pembangunan Univ/Inst. (Unit) 7 22 A.4 Perluasan Poltek Eksisting (mhs) 90, ,475 A5 A.5 Perluasan Univ/Inst. Eksisting (mhs) 90, ,475 A.6 Penambahan Jumlah Dosen (Orang) 53, ,911 M.1 Pembangunan Poltek Pasca Sarjana (Unit) M.2 Pembangunan Universitas Riset (Unit) M.3 Penambahan Jumlah Dosen Bergelar S3 (%) 15% 50%

26 4,000,000 3,500,000 3,000,000 2,500,000 2,000,000 1,500,000 1,000, ,000 Projection of Three Priority Disciplines Teknik Pertanian Sains No Year Engineering i Agriculture Si Science %tase Mhs %tase Mhs %tase Mhs ,56% ,32% ,67% % 1,116, % 258, % 413, % % %

27 27 Draft of Higher Education Law

28 Types and Strata of Higher Education No Type Strata 1. Academic Bachelor Master Doctor 2. Profession Profession Spescialist 3. Vocation Diploma I Diploma II Diploma III Bachelor of Applied Sc Master of Applied Sc Doctor of Applied Sc 28

29 Form, Types, & Strata of HE No Form Type Strata 1. University/Insti tute Academic Profession Vocation* Bachelor, Master, PhD Profession, Specialist Diploma to Doctor of Apl. Science 2. School of HE Academic Bachelor, Master, PhD 3. Polytechnics Vocation Diploma I, II, III, Bachelor of Apl. Sc., Master of Apl. Sc., Doctor of Apl. Sc. ** 4. Academy Vocation Diploma I, Diploma II, Diploma III 5. Communit College Vocation * Managedby separate Faculty/School ** In technology fields, on its own or in collaboration with University Diploma I, Diploma II, Pre bachelor (1 2 year) 29

30 Equivalence of Tracks Qualification Framework Level Academy Profession Vocation 9 Doctor Specialist Doctor of Apl. Sc 8 Master Profession Master of Apl. Sc 7 Profession 6 Bachelor Bach of Apl. Sc. 5 Diploma III 4 Diploma II 3 Diploma I 2 Senior Secondary (General/Vocation) 1 Primary & Junior Secondary 30

31 Types and Governance of HE No Type Governance & Status 1 PTN a. PTN Berbadan Hukum (Legal Entity) b. PTN Mandiri (Autonomy) c. PTN Unit Pelaksana Teknis Kemdiknas (Government Task Unit) 2 PTN Khusus PTN Unit Pelaksana Teknis Kementerian Lain/LPNK/Pemda (Special Govt Task Unit) 3 PTS PTS Unit Pelaksana Teknis Badan Hukum Nirlaba (Private HE under foundation/non profit org) 31

32 Anatomy of HE No Type/Status Delegation Accountability Asset Finance PTN 1 PTN/PTN Khusus No Ministry State State UPT 3 PTN Mandiri Ministry to BoT BoT State Delegation from MoF 4 PTN Berbadan BoT to HE BoT Separated PTN Badan Hukum leader Hukum 1 PTS Academic: MoNE to PTS PTS Foundation/non profit org Foundation/ non profit org Foundation /non profit org

33 Quality Assurance System HE QA System Internal QA System (SPMI) SNPT External QA System (SPME) SNPT National HE Data Base System (PDPT) SNPT SNPT 33

34 Sekretariat Ditjen Dikti Coordination of QA Elements Menteri Pendidikan Nasional Direktur Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi Badan Standar Nasional Pendidikan Tinggi Perguruan Tinggi Negeri/Swasta Badan Akreditasi Nasional Perguruan Tinggi Peraturan Perundangundangan Visi Pendidikan Tinggi Indonesia Standar Nasional Pendidikan Tinggi (SNPT) Sistem Penjaminan Mutu Internal (SPMI) Sistem Penjaminan Mutu Ekternal (SPME/ Akreditasi) M Pangkalan Data Pendidikan Tinggi Kebutuhan Stakeholders 34

35 Process of QA in HE Accreditation BAN PT M a s y a r a k a t MoNE DGHE Vision & Mission Develop Standard SNPT SNPT Report BSN PT SNPT Report Higher Education Req for accreditat ion Hasil Akreditasi Lembaga Lembaga Akreditas Akreditas i i Mandiri Bodies Mandiri Independent Accreditation SPMI SPMI SPME SPME National HE Database System

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