TECHNIQUES OF SIMULTANEOUS INTERPRETING AT INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATIVE ALLIANCE ASIA- PACIFIC CONFERENCE

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Farida Kartawijaya
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1 THESIS TECHNIQUES OF SIMULTANEOUS INTERPRETING AT INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATIVE ALLIANCE ASIA- PACIFIC CONFERENCE I GUSTI AYU DEWI ARNITA NIM MASTER PROGRAM LINGUISTICS OF TRANSLATION STUDIES POSTGRADUATE PROGRAM UDAYANA UNIVERSITY DENPASAR 2016 i

2 TECHNIQUES OF SIMULTANEOUS INTERPRETING AT INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATIVE ALLIANCE ASIA-PACIFIC CONFERENCE Thesis for obtaining a Master s Degree in Linguistics Translation Studies School of Postgraduate Studies, Udayana University I GUSTI AYU DEWI ARNITA NIM MASTER PROGRAM IN LINGUISTICS TRANSLATION STUDIES SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES UDAYANA UNIVERSITY DENPASAR 2016 ii

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4 This Thesis was examined by the examining board on Thursday, April 07 th 2016 Based on the Decree of Rector of Udayana University No : 1240/UN14.4/HK/2016 Date : March 28 th 2016 Chairperson : Dr. Ida Ayu Made Puspani, M.Hum. Members : 1. Dr. Ni Luh Nyoman Seri Malini, M.Hum. 2. Prof. Drs. I Made Suastra, Ph.D. 3. Dr. I Gusti Ayu Gde Sosiowati, M.A. 4. Dr. Ni Wayan Sukarini, M.Hum. iv

SURAT PERNYATAAN BEBAS PLAGIAT Saya yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini: Nama : I Gusti Ayu Dewi Arnita NIM : 1390161031 Program Study : Magister (S-2) Linguistik, Konsentrasi Penerjemahan, Program

5 SURAT PERNYATAAN BEBAS PLAGIAT Saya yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini: Nama : I Gusti Ayu Dewi Arnita NIM : Program Study : Magister (S-2) Linguistik, Konsentrasi Penerjemahan, Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Udayana Judul Tesis : Techniques of Simultaneous Interpreting at International Co-Operative Alliance Asia-Pacific Conference Menyatakan bahwa karya ilmiah tesis saya ini bebas plagiat. Apabila di kemudian hari terbukti terdapat plagiat dalam karya ilmiah ini, maka saya bersedia menerima sanksi sesuai dengan peraturan Mendiknas Republik Indonesia No. 27 Tahun 2010 dan aturan perundangan yang berlaku. v

6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the Almighty God, Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa for His blessing so this thesis could be completed. In this occasion, I would like to thank Dr. Ida Ayu Made Puspani, M. Hum, as my first supervisor who never stopped encouraging the continuity of my writing and was always ready to give time. My great gratitude also goes to Dr. Ni Luh Nyoman Seri Malini, M.Hum, as my second supervisor who always helped and motivated me to finish this writing, and also to the examiners, Prof. Drs. I Made Suastra, Ph.D., Dr. I Gusti Ayu Gde Sosiowati, M.A., and Dr. Ni Wayan Sukarini, M. Hum for their guidance and suggestions to complete this writing. Many thanks are also addressed to the Rector of Udayana University, Prof. Dr.dr. Ketut Suastika, Sp. PD-KEMD for the opportunity given to me to complete the master program at Udayana University. A word of appreciation is also addressed to Director of Postgraduate Program, Prof. Dr.dr. A.A Raka Sudewi, Sp. S(K) for the opportunity given to me to join the master program at Udayana Uiversity. In this occasion I would also like to express my gratitude to Prof. Dr. Ida Bagus Putra Yadnya, M.A., Head of the Master Program in Linguistics, and Prof. Dr. Drs. I Wayan Simpen, M.Hum., Secretary of the Master Program in Linguistics. Next word of appreciation goes to I Ketut Ebuh, S.Sos., I Nyoman Sadra, SS., Nyoman Adi Triani, SE., I Gusti Ayu Putu Supadmini, administrative staff of master program in linguistics for the opportunity and assistance given to me and all lectures who were involved in teaching process and giving guidance to the completion of this thesis. vi

7 I would also like to extend my best gratitude to my parents, father and mother who are always ready to support and enlighten me whenever I am in the darkness. My thanks also for my the only one brother, who always encourages and inspires me. My deep appreciation goes especially to my beloved husband, Agustina Putra and my only one baby boy Mario Aryanata Putra, for their love, affection, motivation, and spirit. To my sister and law, thank you very much for your support. To all my friends in the Master Program in Translation Studies whose name cannot be mentioned one by one for their support. To my best friend, Dian Yuliani and Desak Rahayu who always supports and motivates me to finish this thesis. Finally, I hope this thesis will always be beneficial especially to the translation studies. Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa, The Almighty God bless all the people who helped me during the completion of this thesis. Denpasar, March 07 th 2016 vii

8 ABSTRAK Teknik Simultaneous Interpreting dalam Konferensi International Co-Operative Alliance Asia-Pasific Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui teknik Simultaneous Interpreting di dalam Konferensi International Co-Operative Alliance. Topik penelitian ini adalah penerjemahan lisan. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada produk interpreting dalam dua bahasa, yakni dari bahasa Inggris ke Bahasa Indonesia dan sebaliknya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif. Metodologi penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian lapangan melalui observasi non-partisipatif dengan mengamati proses konferensi, yang melibatkan pembicara dan interpreter, kemudian direkam dengan perekam suara, dan diikuti oleh teknik pencatatan. Data yang direkam tersebut kemudian ditranskripsikan menjadi teks tulis. Penelitian ini didasarkan pada sejumlah teori; teori Simultanoeus Interpreting yang dikemukakan oleh Jones (1998) dan teori Equivalence yang dikemukakan oleh Larson (1998). Ada beberapa instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu, peneliti, perekam suara, dan catatan di lapangan. Teknik simultaneous interperting yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini terdiri atas enam teknik; reformulation, efficiency in reformulation, simplification, omission, explanation, and techniques applied if the interpreter makes mistake. Penggunaan teknik di simultaneous interpreting ini tidak mempengaruhi makna dari bahasa sasaran. Maknanya tetap sama, hanya bentuknya yang berubah. Kata kunci: interpreting, simultaneous interpreting, teknik, konferensi. viii

9 ABSTRACT TECHNIQUES OF SIMULTANEOUS INTERPRETING AT INTERNATIONAL CO- OPERATIVE ALLIANCE ASIA-PACIFIC CONFERENCE This study was aimed at finding out the techniques of simultaneous interpreting at International Co-Operative Alliance. The topic of this study is an oral translation. The study of interpreting focuses on the interpreting product in two languages from English into Indonesia and vice-versa. Hence, the design used qualitative method. The methodology of this study is field research through non-participativatory observation by observing the process of the conference, involving the speaker and the interpreter and recorded them by a voice recorder followed by note taking technique. The recorded data were transcribed into written texts. This study is based on two theories; the theory of simultanoeus interpreting by Jones (1998) and the theory of Equivalence by Larson (1998). There were several instruments used to collect the intended data namely, the researcher, a voice recorder, and field notes. The techniques of simultaneous interpreting applied in this study consists of six techniques; reformulation, efficiency in reformulation, simplification, omission, explanation, and techniques applied if the interpreter makes mistake. The use of those techniques in simultaneous interpreting did not influence the meaning of the target language. The meaning was still the same, only the form which changed. Keywords: interpreting, simultaneous interpreting, techniques, conference. ix

10 TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE Page TITLE PREREQUISITE... i PREREQUISITE OF MASTER DEGREE... ii APPROVAL SHEET... iii THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS... iv SURAT PERNYATAAN BEBAS PLAGIAT... v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS... vi ABSTRAK... viii ABSTRACT... ix TABLE OF CONTENT... x LIST OF SYMBOLS... xii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Background of the Study Problems of the Study Aims of the Study General Aim Specific Aim The Significance of the Study Theoretical Significance Practical Significance Scope of the Study... 6 CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW, CONCEPT, THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK, AND RESEARCH MODEL Literature Review Concepts Technique Strategy Interpreting Simultaneous Interpreting International Co-operative Alliance Asia Pacific Theoretical Framework Types of Interpreting The Modes of Interpreting The Setting of Interpreting How to be a Good Interpreter? Techniques on Simultaneous Interpreting Translation Equivalence Research Model CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD Research Approach Research Location Types of Data and Data Source x

11 3.4 Research Instrument Method and Technique of Collecting Data Method and Technique of Analyzing Data Method and Technique of Presenting Data Analysis CHAPTER IV THE ANALYSIS OF TECHNIQUES OF SIMULTANEOUS INTERPRETING AT INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATIVE ALLIANCE ASIA- PACIFIC CONFERENCE Reformulation Efficiency in Reformulation Simplification Omission Explanation Techniques Applied if the Interpreter Makes Mistake CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION Conclusion Suggestion BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDICES xi

12 LIST OF SYMBOLS / : rising tone \ : falling tone (4) : (pauses for 4 seconds) Edwards (1993:8-9) e::: xxx : long vowel : inaudible passage Wadensjő (1998:102) xii

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. this thesis. I express my greatest thank to my first supervisor, Prof. Dr. Ni Luh Sutjiati Beratha,

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. this thesis. I express my greatest thank to my first supervisor, Prof. Dr. Ni Luh Sutjiati Beratha, ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First, I would like to thank the Almighty God for supporting me during the completion of this thesis. I express my greatest thank to my first supervisor, Prof. Dr. Ni Luh Sutjiati Beratha,