Lampiran 2. Alat pengambilan sampel sedimen

Transkripsi

1 Lampiran 1. Scientific echosounder Simrad EY 60 Kabel Transducer Transducer GPT Laptop GPS Lampiran 2. Alat pengambilan sampel sedimen

2 Lampiran 3. Kapal survei Lampiran 4. Echoview 4,00 dan dongle

3 Lampiran 5. Alat pengukur parameter fisik sedimen Shaker (ASTM E 11. USA Standard) Timbangan Alat pengukur densitas sedimen Alat pengukur porositas

4 Lampiran 6. Listing program Matlab_Rick Untuk menampilkan echo envelope %readekraw_ey60.m % % % Rick Towler % National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration % Alaska Fisheries Science Center % Midwater Assesment and Conservation Engineering Group % rick.towler@noaa.gov % % %readekraw_chunkexample.m % % define paths to example raw and bot files rawfile = 'nama_file.raw'; botfile = 'nama_file.bot'; ping_awal = input('masukkan ping awal = '); ping_akhir = input('masukkan ping akhir = '); disp('reading.raw file...'); % read in the first chunk of the file using PingRange to define chunk size. % Note that we specify the optional 3rd return argument "rstat" that will % contain the reader state when the function exits. % % also note that we do not read in angle data [header, firstraw, rstat] = readekraw(rawfile, 'Frequencies', ,... 'SampleRange',[1 800],'PingRange',[ping_awal ping_akhir],'angles',false); % extract calibration parameters from the first raw data structure calparms = readekraw_getcalparms(header, firstraw); disp('reading.bot file...'); % read in the.bot file - by passing the optional 3rd argument we force % readekbot to only return data for pings contained in the firstraw structure. % again, we set the rstat return argument. [header, firstbot, rstat] = readekbot(botfile, calparms, firstraw,... 'ReturnRange', true); % convert power to Sv firstraw = readekraw_power2sv(firstraw, calparms); % plot up the two blocks of data disp('plotting...');

5 % plot the first chunk echogram readekraw_simpleechogram(firstraw.pings(1).sv, firstraw.pings(1).number,... firstraw.pings(1).range, 'Threshold', [-70,0], 'Title',... ['Sv']); hold on % plot the bottom plot(firstraw.pings(1).number, firstbot.pings.bottomdepth(1,:), 'c'); hold off % colorbar; colorbar('yticklabel',{'-70 db','-58 db','-47 db','-35 db','-23 db','-12 db'}) xlabel ('Ping') ylabel ('Depth (m)') % plot echo envelope (digunakan setelah selesai menampilkan echogram) Sv1=firstRaw.pings.Sv; Sv1mean=mean(Sv1'); plot(sv1mean); xlabel ('Time (ms)') ylabel ('Intensitas energi backscattering strength Untuk menampilkan grafik Sv dan SS (Purnawan, 2009) % readekraw_ey60.m % % % Rick Towler % National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration % Alaska Fisheries Science Center % Midwater Assesment and Conservation Engineering Group % rick.towler@noaa.gov % % %readekraw_chunkexample.m % % define paths to example raw and bot files rawfile = 'nama_file.raw'; botfile = 'nama_file.bot'; awal=input('masukkan ping awal = '); akhir=input('masukkan ping akhir = '); % membaca file.raw - hanya pada frekuensi 120 khz disp('membaca.raw file...'); [header, rawdata] = readekraw(rawfile, 'SampleRange', [1 500],... 'PingRange', [awal akhir]); calparms = readekraw_getcalparms(header, rawdata); % membaca file.bot - data yang kembali sebagai range

6 disp('membaca.bot file...'); [header, botdata] = readekbot(botfile, calparms, rawdata,... 'ReturnRange', true); % konversi power ke Sv data = readekraw_power2sv(rawdata, calparms); % konversi sudut electrical ke sudut physical data = readekraw_convertangles(data, calparms); % mensortir kembali data yang digunakan % sehingga mempermudah dalam pengolahan data dasar perairan c= ;%kecepatan suara tau= ;%panjang gelombang x=data.pings.number; y=data.pings.range; Z=data.pings.Sv;% Z= Sv logaritma z=10.^(z/10); ss=z*(c*tau/2);%ini untuk cari ss SS=10*log10(ss);%in untuk cari SS log along=data.pings.alongship; %sudut alongship athw=data.pings.athwartship; % sudut athwartship Svbottom=Z; along1=along; bd=botdata.pings.bottomdepth; [k l]=size(z); % data tbd pada 1 ping terakhir memberikan nilai yang tidak akurat % sehingga perlu dihilangkan l=l-1; for ll=1:l; m=0; for kk=1:k; % mengambil data dasar perairan, dari permukaan hingga 1/2 meter % data yang lainnya diberikan pada kedalaman lain adalah nol if y(kk,1)<(bd(1,ll)+0.05); Svbottom(kk,ll)=-1000; %svbottom(kk+1,ll)=0; along1(kk,ll)=0; elseif y(kk,1)>(bd(1,ll)+0.5); Svbottom(kk,ll)=-1000; along1(kk,ll)=0; else svbottom(kk,ll)=z(kk,ll); along1(kk,ll)=along(kk,ll); % mengambil data hanya pada dasar perairan hingga setengah meter, svbonly m=m+1; Svbottomonly(m,ll)=Z(kk,ll); along2(m,ll)=along(kk,ll); end;end; end; % agar jumlah data tiap kolom sama % ditentukan ketebalan lapisan yang digunakan, hlyr hlyr=0.1; for ll=1:l; for i=1:m;

7 if y(i,1)<=hlyr; Svbonly(i,ll)=Svbottomonly(i,ll); along3(i,ll)=along2(i,ll); end; end; end Svbottommean=mean(mean(Svbonly)); [i l]=size(svbonly); for ll=1:l;zmax(ll)=-999; for ii=1:i; if Svbonly(ii,ll) > Zmax(ll) ; Zmax(ll) = Svbonly(ii,ll); alongmax(ll)=along3(ii,ll); end end end zmax=10.^(zmax/10); % linier func ratazmax=mean(zmax); ssmax=zmax*(c*tau/2); ssmean=mean(ssmax); SSmax=10*log10(ssmean) stdsv=std(zmax); ratazmax=10*log10(ratazmax) stdsv=10*log10(stdsv); % membuat gambar echogram dan anglogram disp('plotting...'); nfreqs = length(data.pings); for n=1:nfreqs % plot echogram readekraw_simpleechogram(ss,x,y, 'Threshold', [-50,0]);% disini ngerubahnya!!!!! % plot the bottom hold on plot(data.pings(n).number, botdata.pings.bottomdepth(n,:), 'c'); hold off % plot anglogram readekraw_simpleanglogram(data.pings(n).alongship,... data.pings(n).athwartship, data.pings(n).number,... data.pings(n).range, 'Title',... ['Angles ' num2str(calparms(n).frequency)]); % plot bottom hold on plot(data.pings(n).number, botdata.pings.bottomdepth(n,:), 'c'); hold off end akhir=akhir-1; %mengembalikan nilai dari 'akhir' di atas %Zmax1=0; alongmax1=0;% untuk merubah kembali pingnya sp=akhir-l; %selisih ping yang dimasukkan dengan untuk looping for ll=awal:akhir; Zmax1(ll)=Zmax(ll-sp);

8 end alongmax1(ll)=alongmax(ll-sp); figure subplot(2,1,1); plot(zmax1); axis([awal akhir -30 0]) xlabel('ping','fontsize',16); ylabel('scattering volume (db)','fontsize',16); legend('sv max (db)') subplot(2,1,2); plot(alongmax1); axis([awal akhir ]) xlabel('ping','fontsize',16); ylabel('sudut (derajat)','fontsize',16); legend('sudut alongship (derajat)') figure plot (SS(:,1),y,'r') hold on plot (Z(:,1),y,'b') legend('ss','sv') xlabel ('Intensitas acoustic backscattering strength (db)') ylabel ('Depth (m)') Lampiran 7. Foto tipe substrat dasar perairan di lokasi penelitian Substrat Pasir Substrat Pasir berlumpur

9 Lampiran 8. Tampilan echogram (Lanjutan) Stasiun 1 Stasiun 2 Stasiun 5 Stasiun 6 Stasiun 8

10 Lampiran 9. Grafik pola Sv dan SS (Lanjutan) Stasiun 1 Stasiun 2 Stasiun 5 Stasiun 6 Stasiun 8

11 Lampiran 10. Grafik intensitas energi acoustic backscattering dasar perairan (Lanjutan) Stasiun 1 Stasiun 2 Stasiun 5 Stasiun 6 Stasiun 8

12 Lampiran 11. Cluster data sedimen Cluster Analysis of Observations: Pasir, Debu, Liat, Densitas, Porositas, Koef. Euclidean Distance, Average Linkage Amalgamation Steps Step Number of Similarity Distance Clusters New Number of obs. clusters level level joined cluster in new cluster Final Partition Number of clusters: 1 Number of Within cluster Average distance Maximum distance observations sum of squares from centroid from centroid Cluster Cluo 'Pasir'-'BL'; Lampiran 12. Cluster data akustik Cluster Analysis of Observations: E1, E2, SS, EL Euclidean Distance, Average Linkage Amalgamation Steps Step Number of Similarity Distance Clusters New Number of obs. clusters level level joined cluster in new cluster Final Partition Number of clusters: 1 Number of Within cluster Average distance Maximum distance observations sum of squares from centroid from centroid Cluster Cluo 'E1'-'EL';

13 Lampiran 13. Hasil olahan fraksi sedimen di Balai Penelitian Tanah, Laboratorium Fisika Tanah Bogor Nomor Tekstur (%) Urut Seri Contoh Liat Lumpur Lumpur Lumpur Pasir Pasir Pasir Pasir Pasir F STA 1 0,90 3,27 5,67 12,98 7,58 11,27 23,57 29,87 4, F STA 2 0,82 4,31 6,83 15,67 4,57 13,61 20,15 31,26 2, F STA 3 1,15 2,63 5,61 8,25 12,78 15,65 29,33 17,85 6, F STA 4 0,89 2,39 6,62 11,74 4,56 7,88 53,57 7,84 4, F STA 5 1,08 2,13 4,55 9,84 6,41 5,58 23,65 31,28 15, F STA 6 1,28 3,67 6,88 15,31 14,64 19,84 21,38 12,36 4, F STA 7 0,24 0,95 4,25 7,58 4,43 18,47 34,12 17,58 12, F STA 8 0,73 1,25 2,13 5,63 20,34 16,94 31,26 18,45 3, F STA 9 0,38 1,78 3,60 9,35 5,16 13,62 35,41 22,14 8,56