Therapeutic Objects: Approach: GOALS: Understanding The UNCONSCIOUS MATERIALS INSIGHT INTO UNCONSCIOUS MOTIVATION. Dealing with RESISTANCE

Transkripsi

1 Psychoanalysis

2 Therapeutic Objects: Understanding The UNCONSCIOUS MATERIALS Exploring the Unconscious Increasing awareness of sexual and aggressive drives Using TEST & DEPTH INTERVIEWS Approach: Dealing with RESISTANCE Understand the resistance & Adapt in more POSITIVE ways GOALS: INSIGHT INTO UNCONSCIOUS MOTIVATION Changing the Personality & the Structure of the Character

3 Psychoanalytical Techniques: Free Associations Neutrality & Empathetic Listening to Resistance Interpretation Interpretation of Dreams: Drives Object Relations Self interpret Interpretation & Analysis of Transference Countertransference Irrational/Neurotic Tr Client to Therapist Therapist feel to Client Ther. as counterpart (have similar feel) Relational Responses

4 Drive Theory Sigmund Freud GENITAL LATENT PHALIC ANAL ORAL SUPER EGO EGO SELF PRESERVATIVE DRIVE SPECIES PRESERVATIVE DRIVE (WITH LIBIDO) EROS & THANATOS ID DM SOCIAL RULES & DEMANDS

5 Drive Theory Sigmund Freud Defense Mechanisms: REPRESSION DENIAL UNACCEPTABLE CONDITIONS R FORMATION PROJECTION DISPLACEMENT SUBLIMATION RATIONALIZE ACCEPTABLE CONDITIONS INTELLECTUAL Defending the self/ego from unwanted/ unacceptable condition

6 Ego Psychology Anna Freud Defense Mechanisms are not rooted on ID but to ATTACHMENT toward LOVE OBJECTS (such as parents). This ATTACHMENT was INHIBITED in the Developmental Stages, resulting TRAUMA / HELPLESS TRAUMA (PASSIVELY TRAUMATIZED) DEVELOPMENT OF EGO HELPLESS IDENTIFICATION WITH AGGRESSORS MOTIVATION EXTERNAL DRIVE ALTRUISM TO AVOID HELPLESS Focus on ID & EGO On Self Mastery Based on INTERNAL DRIVES: SEXUAL & AGGRESSIVE DRIVES

7 Ego Psychology Erik Erikson's 8 Fail/ Delayed to develop causes CRISIS Stages of Development AIM Completing The Incomplete Development Resolving the CRISIS By such as: Play Therapy

8 Erik Erikson's Ego Psychology Infancy 1 st Yr Trust vs Mistrust: Physical comfort, minimal fear, agar memiliki harapan bahwa lingkungan hidup merupakan tempat aman dan nyaman untuk hidup Infancy 1-3 Yr Autonomy vs Shame/Doubt: Awal menyadari hasil perilakunya sendiri, awal kemandirian dan otonomi; jika terlalu dikekang dan sering dihukum, mereka merasa malu dan bertindak ragu2 Early Child PreSchool 3-5 Yr Initiative vs Guilt: Lingkungan sosial lebih luas, tantangan makin besar baik bagi dirinya, permainannya, hewan peliharaannya. Tanggung jawab makin besar. Gagal mengatasi tantangan menimbulkan rasa bersalah. Jika berhasil: Sense of Accomplishment Mdle/Late Childh Elementary 6-Puberty Industry vs Inferiority: Belajar pengalaman baru di sekolah, menguasai pengetahuan & keterampilan, mengembangkan imajinasi. Tekanan guru & sebaya memicu inferiority, inkompetensi/ ketidakberdayaan & unproductive

9 Adolesc Yr Identity vs Identity Confusion: Mencari jati diri, menentukan peran sosial baik dalam kerja maupun dalam hubungan interpersonal. Orang tua harus beri peluang. Jika tantangan gagal diatasi, menimbulkan kerancuan identitas (tidak kenal dirinya/ tdk prcaya diri) Early Adlt 20-30s yr Intimacy vs Isolation: Intimacy = finding oneself, yet also losing oneself in another. Hubungan sehat melandasi hubungan intim; jika gagal maka terjadi isolasi/ kesepian Midl Adlt 40s, 50s Generativity vs Stagnation: Perasaan berdaya membantu generasi yang lebih muda; jika gagal membantu generasi lebih muda, merasa Stagnant (contoh orang tua merasa gagal mendidik anaknya) Late Adlt 60s up Integrity vs Despair: Jika di usia senja merasa telah banyak yang diperbuat dan membuahkan hasil, maka merasa terintegrasi; jika merenung kembali ternyata banyak kegagalan maka individu merasa putus-asa Disgust vs Wisdom: Gerontotranscendence (Joan Erikson)

10 Object Relations David Winnicott Infant believes that He/ she Creates & Controll The World A Child awares he/she Exist among Others Adult awares of Ideas/ Concepts etc Transitional Object Serves as Transition Processes Transitional Concepts Serves as Transition Processes Infant Adopting Mother s SELF Blanket Stuff Animal Mother Tolerate Independence Creating TRUE SELF IRRATIONALITY Goodenough mother Target/Aim of Therapy by: Controlled Regression Insufficient Caring Creating FALSE SELF

11 Separation Process (The Splitting) Object Relations Otto Kernberg Love object becomes Frustrating Object Emotional Physical Frustration Anger Protecting the Self The Affectionate object Becomes Threatening Difficulties integrating Love & Anger Aim of Therapy: Clarify the Differences Of Feelings

12 Self Psychology Heinz Kohut Grandiose Omnipotent AIM of Therapy Fulfilled Narcissism NARCISSICM The Importance of The Self Integrating the SELF Unfulfilled Narcissism NarcissisticDeficits Defenses Created in order to fulfill narcissism

13 Relational Psychoanalysis Greenberg Mitchell 4 Premises on Relational Psy: 1.Each therapist will have personal influence 2. Each relation is unique 3. Treatment is unpredictable and influenced by the interaction 4.Analyst is subjective, not objective participant 4 modes of interactions 1. People do each other similar to sibblings 2. Communication is influenced by the unconscious 3. Relationship is influenced by individual perception 4. Relationship goes in form of intersubjectivity Patient- therapist influencing one another

14 Brief Psychoanalytic Therapy Length of Sessions Session 1 Session 2 Session 3 Awareness of conflictual relationship Why expect others in a certain way/ why others respond in a certain way Approx. 4 sess Focus on dealing with others Understand why responses influence attitudes, feelings, behav due to past experience and unconscious Approx. 4 8 sess Focus on universal themes, the fears, the anxiety etc Preparing for termination can consider as abandonment/ lack of interest Last 3-4 sess Aim of this approach is limited/ selected