CLASSROOM TECHNIQUES TO DEVELOP STUDENTS ENGLISH WRITING SKILL: A NATURALISTIC STUDY AT SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 1 SURAKARTA

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1 CLASSROOM TECHNIQUES TO DEVELOP STUDENTS ENGLISH WRITING SKILL: A NATURALISTIC STUDY AT SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 1 SURAKARTA RESEARCH PAPER Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education in English Department by MIA DIAN PRATIWI A SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA 2016

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5 MOTTO The difference between genius and stupidity is that genius has limits -Albert Einstein- If you are always trying to be normal, you will never know how amazing you can be -Maya Angelou- v

6 DEDICATION From the deepest heart, the writer would like to dedicate this research paper to: Alloh SWT, Mr. Rochmat and Mrs. Wartum, Her beloved parents, and Erma Indrayanti, Wahyu Wibowo and Lia Listiana Her sisters and her brother vi

7 ACKNOWLEDGMENT Assalamu alaikum Warohmatullahi Wabarokaatuh Alhamdulillahi Robbil aalamin. All praises belong to Alloh SWT the Most Merciful, the Lord of the world. With His blessing and guidance, the researcher has finally accomplished this research paper as a partial fulfillment to get the Bachelor degree in Department of English Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, she can complete her research paper entittled CLASSROOM TECHNIQUES TO DEVELOP STUDENTS ENGLISH WRITING SKILL: A NATURALISTIC STUDY AT SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 1 SURAKARTA. In conducting this research paper, the researcher got some help from many people. On this best occasion, the researcher would like to express her deepest gratitude and appreciation to the following people: 1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum. Dean of School of Teacher Training and Education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, 2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D, Head of English Department Muhammadiyah University. 3. Prof. Dr. Endang Fauziati, M. Hum. The consultant who has patiently guided the researcher in arranging this work, provided time for consultant, and gave the researcher nice suggestion, 4. Drs. Djoko Srijono, M. Hum as the second examiner in this research paper, 5. Aryati Prasetyarini, M. Pd as the third examiner in this research paper, 6. Abdillah Nugroho, Dr, M. Hum, as the academic consultant who has given the researcher guidance as long as she studied in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, vii

8 7. All lecturers of English Department, for being good educators, guide, and mentor, 8. Mrs. Asih Marselina S. Pd, Mr. Widodo S. Pd, and Mr. Zubaidi Arif S. Pd as English teachers at SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta who always guide her, 9. Mr. Sukidi S. Ag, M. Pd as headmaster of SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta, thanks to give me opportunity to observation in there, 10. The teachers of SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta, thanks for help, 11. Her best gratitude for her beloved parents Mr. Rochmat and Mrs. Wartum, thanks for ever over love, prayers, support (moral and material), motivation, and everything during her life, 12. Her beloved sisters and brother, Erma Indrayanti, Wahyu Wibowo and Lia Listiana who have give love, care, prayers, and support. thanks for everything, 13. Her big family, who have given care, prayers, and support. Thank you, 14. Her beloved friends in DEE, thank you for your love, spirit, motivation, suggestions, and joke, 15. Her best friends Nur Handini Yusna Laili, Ayu Andina, and Tiya Ardhiyati, Ayu Hertika Prapyuningrat thanks a lot for our solidarity, spirit, assemble, togetherness, and all of you regard as my sisters ever, 16. Her beloved friends, Sylvia Mustanuri Jannah, Dinar Risqi, Iid, Riski Pujianto, Rina Septia, Irma Febri, Khusnul, 17. Her friend in Allifah, Rizka, Anisa, Aning, Rika, Adna. Thanks for your support, motivation, and everything we need, and 18. Those who cannot be mentioned one by one toward their support to the researcher completing this research paper. vii

9 The researcher considers that this research paper is far from being perfect. Therefore, suggestion and criticisms are welcome and accepted. She hopes that this research paper would be valuable for readers. Wassalaamu alaikum Warohmatullahi Wabarokaatuh Surakarta, June 2016 The researcher Mia Dian P A vii

10 TABLE OF CONTENT page TITLE...i APPROVAL...ii ACCEPTANCE...iii PRONOUNCEMENT...iv MOTTO...v DEDICATION...vi ACKNOWLEDGMENT...vii TABLE OF CONTENT...x SUMMARY...xii CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION...1 A. Background of the Study...1 B. Problem Statement...3 C. Limitation of the Study...4 D. Objective of the Study...4 E. Significance of the Study...4 F. Research Paper Organization...5 CHAPTER II : REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE...6 A. Underlying Theory Notion of Method, Approach, and Technique Notion of Writing Skill Technique for Teaching Writing Teacher s Roles Student s Roles...19 B. Previous Study...19 CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHOD...31 A. Type of the Research...31 B. Setting of the Study...32 C. Subject of the Study...33 D. Object of the Study...33 x

11 E. Sampling...33 F. Data and Data Source...33 G. Technique of Collecting Data...34 H. Technique for Analyzing Data...35 CHAPTER IV : RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION...37 A. Research Finding Types of Classroom Techniques Used by the Teacher to Develop Students English Writing Skill Purposes in Using Each Technique Teacher s Roles Students Roles...60 B. Discussion of Research Finding...64 CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION, PEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATION AND SUGGESTION...71 A. Conclusion...71 B. Pedagogical Implication...72 C. Suggestion...73 BIBLIOGRAPHY...75 APPENDIX...77 xi

12 SUMMARY Mia Dian Pratiwi. A CLASSROOM TECHNIQUES TO DEVELOP STUDENTS ENGLISH WRITING SKILL: A NATURALISTICS STUDY AT SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 1 SURAKARTA. Research Paper. School of Teacher Training and Education. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta This study is aimed to describe (1) classroom techniques used by the teacher to develop students English writing skill (2) the purposes of each class room technique (3) the teacher s roles (4) the student s roles. This type of the research is descriptive qualitative research, especially naturalistic study. The method of collecting data is observation and interview. The result is some classroom techniques used by the teacher to develop students English skill, especially writing skill such as: writing based on picture, writing based on template, writing a card, dictation, writing based on topic, join writing in a group, fillin the blank sentence, writing based on random sentence. The teacher has roles as controller, teacher as organizer, teacher as prompter, teacher as resource, teacher as tutor, teacher as observer, and teacher as model. The students has roles as planner, students as group, students as tutor, students as monitor and evaluator. The conclusion of this study is that the use of various classroom techniques in the teaching - learning process by English teachers in SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta can develop the students English skill especially writing skill. By using various classroom techniques can make students interested and enjoyed in teaching-learning English language. Students become more active and creative in teaching writing skill. Based on the result, classroom techniques used by teacher are very important and they can make the students do not feel bored and lazy in the teaching - learning process of English writing skill. Key words: Classroom techniques, writing skill, teacher s roles, student s roles. xii

13 RINGKASAN Mia Dian Pratiwi. A TEKNIK KELAS YANG DIGUNAKAN OLEH GURU UNTUK MENGEMBANGKAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS SISWA: PENELITIAN NATURALISTIK DI SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 1 SURAKARTA. Skripsi. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Juni, Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan (1) teknik kelas yang digunakan oleh guru untuk mengembangkan kemampuan menulis Bahasa Inggris siswa di SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta (2) tujuan masing -masing teknik (3) peran siswa (4) peran guru. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif mengdunakan penelitian naturalistik dalam menganalisis data. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi dan wawancara. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa The results of this study shows that there are some classroom ada beberapa teknik yang digunakan oleh guru untuk mengembangkan kemampuan menulis Bahasa Inggris siswa seperti: menulis berdasarkan gambar, menulis berdasarkan contoh, menulis kartu, mendikte, menulis berdasarkan topik, menulis dalam kelompok, mengisi kalimat rumpang, menulis berdasarkan kalimat acak. Guru memiliki peran seperti: guru sebagai pengontrol, guru sebagai organisator, guru sebagai motivator, guru sebagai sumber, guru sebagai pengajar, guru sebagai pengamat, dan guru sebagai model. Siswa memiliki peran seperti: siswa sebagai perencana, siswa sebagai kelompok, siswa sebagai pengajar, siswa sebagai pengamat dan penilai. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa guru bahasa Inggris di SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta menggunakan berbagai macam teknik dalam proses belajar mengajar dapat mengembangkan kemampuan menulis bahasa Inggris siswa. Dari berbagai tenik dapat membuat siswa tertarik dan meikmati proses belajar mengajar bahasa Inggris. Siswa menjadi lebih aktif dan kreatif dalam pelajaran menulis. Berdasarkan hasil, teknik di dalam kelas yang digunakan oleh guru sangatlah penting dan untuk membuat tidak bosan dan malas dalam proses belajar mengajar menulis bahasa Inggris. Kata kunci: Teknik di kelas, kemampuan menulis, peran guru, peran siswa. xiii