Strategi Peningkatan Peran dan Kontribusi Iptek dalam Kerangka SINas untuk Mendukung Keberhasilan MP3EI Benyamin Lakitan Dewan Riset Nasional, 10 Mei 2012
Amanah Konstitusi Pemerintah memajukan iptek dengan menjunjung tinggi nilai-nilai agama dan persatuan bangsa untuk memajukan peradaban serta kesejahteraan umat manusia Undang-Undang Dasar 1945, Pasal 31 Ayat (5)
Aligning S&T NIS MP3EI Peradaban Maju Rakyat Sejahtera SINas MP3EI [There is] a fundamental management task of aligning individual behaviors with [research] center goals and objectives P. Craig Boardman [2009] Iptek Iptek
MP3EI Iptek SINas Kinerja Iptek Indonesia
Article Published http://benyaminlakitan.com 3000 2500 SINGAPORE 2000 1500 THAILAND MALAYSIA 1000 500 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Year VIETNAM INDONESIA PHILIPPINES Sumber: Lakitan et al. (2012)
Article Published 3 2.96 2.57 2.14 2 1.51 1.66 1 0.88 0.91 0.84 0.53 0.33 0.17 0.19 0 Indonesia Malaysia Philippines Singapore Thailand Vietnam Per Full Time Equivalence Per Head Count Sumber: Lakitan et al. (2012)
Domestic Researcher Involved per Article 3.5 3.3 3.1 2.9 MALAYSIA THAILAND SINGAPORE 2.7 2.5 y = 0,5695ln(x) + 1,5622 R² = 0,9514 2.3 2.1 1.9 VIETNAM PHILIPPINES INDONESIA 1.7 Sumber: Lakitan et al. (2012) 1.5 0 5 10 15 20 25 Published Article (x1000)
Komponen Negara Infrastruktur Dukungan TIK Kegiatan Litbang Manajemen Teknologi Agregat Singapura 9,74 8,72 9,37 10,00 9,46 Malaysia 4,51 4,45 4,55 8,37 5,49 Thailand 4,60 2,36 4,40 7,08 4,60 Indonesia 3,89 1,57 4,38 6,68 4,12 Brunei 0,97 4,54 1,56 6,22 3,37 Filipina 1,22 2,07 3,52 6,03 3,22 Vietnam 2,51 1,79 1,07 5,38 2,70 Cambodia 2,14 0,60 1,36 6,28 2,60 Myanmar 0,85 0,08 1,37 5,67 2,01 Laos 0,85 1,33 0,92 3,92 1,77 Sumber: Kao et al. (2008)
The main theoretical for the separation of the R&D function from related scientific activities was the distinction between novelty and routine C. Freeman and L. Soete (2009) Bagaimana dengan Lembaga Iptek Kita?
Kandungan Teknologi Ekspor Indonesia Sumber: Bank Dunia (2011)
History is changed when we put into it the technology that counts: not only the famous spectacular technologies but also the low and ubiquitous ones D. Edgerton (2006)
MP3EI Iptek SINas Potret Inovasi Indonesia
Competitiveness Index Indonesia, 2008-2010 GCI Pillar Rank Score 2008 2009 2010 2008 2009 2010 Basic Requirement Institution 68 58 61 3.9 4.0 4.0 Infrastructure 86 84 82 3.0 3.2 3.6 Macroeconomic stability 72 52 35 4.9 4.8 5.2 Health and Primary Education 87 82 62 5.3 5.2 5.8 Efficiency Enhancer Higher Education and Training 71 69 66 3.9 3.9 4.2 Good market efficiency 37 41 49 4.7 4.5 4.3 Labor market efficiency 43 75 84 4.6 4.3 4.2 Financial market development 57 61 62 4.5 4.3 4.2 Technological readiness 88 88 91 3.0 3.2 3.2 Market size 17 16 15 5.1 5.2 5.2 Innovation and Sophistication Factors Business sophistication 39 40 37 4.5 4.5 4.4 Innovation 47 39 36 3.4 3.6 3.7 Sumber: WEF (2011)
Pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia masih bertumpu pada sumberdaya alam, belum bersumber pada inovasi Boediono Peringkatan Hari HKI, 8 Mei 2012
Reforms in national research systems aiming to increase technology transfer and the commercialization of research have become a global trend Einar Rasmussen (2008)
Unsur Esensial SINas SENSITIVITAS 1 INFORMASI KEBUTUHAN & PROBLEMA PENGEMBANG TEKNOLOGI RELEVANSI Fasilitator Intermediator Regulator KETERBUKAAN PENGGUNA TEKNOLOGI 2 PAKET TEKNOLOGI KAPASITAS ADOPSI
What is not disseminated and used is not an innovation The World Bank (2010)
MP3EI Iptek SINas Rencana Induk Ekonomi Indonesia
Yet while copying existing technology is very sensible, imitating innovation policies may be a mistake D. Edgerton (2006)
Concluding Remark: There is no easy way, we need to tailor our own innovation system