Alur Penelitian Lampiran 1 I II III Pembuatan Abu Sekam Padi (ASP) merah jambu nanopartikel Persiapan sampel gigi P Penanaman sampel gigi P dalam pipa paralon Pembuatan Gel kitosan nanopartikel ASP 10 gr grinding jar ASP 10 gr grinding jar Planetary Ball Mills ( Retsch, PM 200), 2 jam, kecepatan 250 rpm ASP Nanopartikel 20 gr Kelompok I MTA Preparasi kavitas profunda klas I Aplikasi Bahan Uji yang dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok, masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 8 sampel Kelompok II SIKMR Kelompok III ASP nano + kitosan molekul tinggi nano 1 gr kitosan + 100 ml larutan asam asetat 1% Diaduk pada kecepatan 200 rpm (± 30 menit) Gel kitosan. Gel kitosan dimasukkan dalam ultrasonic bath Gel Kitosan blangkas Sampel gigi P di bagi dua pada arah bukal-lingual dan di potong pada daerah servikal gigi Sampel dilakukan pemeriksaan dengan SEM-EDX
Lampiran 2
Lampiran 3
Lampiran 4
Lampiran 5
Lampiran 6
Lampiran 7 UJI NORMALITAS DATA Tests of Normality b,c Kolmogorov-Smirnov a Shapiro-Wilk kelompok Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig. C MTA.209 8.200 *.852 8.100 ASP + KITOSAN.198 8.200 *.930 8.515 SIKMR.189 8.200 *.921 8.438 O MTA.268 8.095.815 8.051 ASP + KITOSAN.149 8.200 *.957 8.779 SIKMR.235 8.200 *.897 8.274 F MTA.218 8.200 *.873 8.162 ASP + KITOSAN.284 8.056.902 8.304 SIKMR.148 8.200 *.965 8.859 Na MTA.201 8.200 *.936 8.574 ASP + KITOSAN.173 8.200 *.919 8.422 SIKMR.181 8.200 *.912 8.368 N MTA.204 8.200 *.907 8.334 ASP + KITOSAN.226 8.200 *.873 8.160 SIKMR.137 8.200 *.964 8.844 P MTA.306 8.026.745 8.057 ASP + KITOSAN.209 8.200 *.897 8.274 SIKMR.159 8.200 *.977 8.949 Ca MTA.292 8.044.913 8.372 ASP + KITOSAN.215 8.200 *.877 8.176 SIKMR.238 8.200 *.908 8.343 Si MTA.092 8.200 *.993 8.998 ASP + KITOSAN.303 8.030.769 8.053 SIKMR.238 8.200 *.848 8.091
Al MTA.172 8.200 *.954 8.755 ASP + KITOSAN.252 8.143.906 8.328 SIKMR.242 8.185.876 8.172 a. Lilliefors Significance Correction *. This is a lower bound of the true significance. b. Bi is constant when kelompok = ASP + KITOSAN. It has been omitted. c. Bi is constant when kelompok = SIKMR. It has been omitted. Descriptive Statistics N Minimum Maximum Std. Deviation Bi 8.80 1.32 1.0950.19849 Valid N (listwise) 8
ONE WAY Descriptives C 95% Confidence Interval for Std. N Deviation Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound Minimum Maximum MTA 8 80.4450 1.14909.40626 79.4843 81.4057 79.65 83.22 ASP + KITOSAN 8 67.6388 1.13839.40248 66.6870 68.5905 65.90 69.86 SIKMR 8 2.9738.19770.06990 2.8085 3.1390 2.62 3.20 Total 24 50.3525 34.64826 7.07255 35.7218 64.9832 2.62 83.22 Test of Homogeneity of Variances C Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig. 2.138 2 21.143 ANOVA C Sum of Squares Df Square F Sig. Between Groups 27592.952 2 13796.476 15586.827.000
*Within Groups 18.588 21.885 Total 27611.539 23 Post Hoc Tests Multiple Comparisons C LSD 95% Confidence Interval (I) kelompok (J) kelompok Difference (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound MTA ASP + KITOSAN 12.80625 *.47041.000 11.8280 13.7845 SIKMR 77.47125 *.47041.000 76.4930 78.4495 ASP + KITOSAN MTA -12.80625 *.47041.000-13.7845-11.8280 SIKMR 64.66500 *.47041.000 63.6867 65.6433 SIKMR MTA -77.47125 *.47041.000-78.4495-76.4930 ASP + KITOSAN -64.66500 *.47041.000-65.6433-63.6867 *. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level. Oneway O Descriptives 95% Confidence Interval for Std. N Deviation Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound Minimum Maximum MTA 8 3.4013.65743.23244 2.8516 3.9509 2.77 4.86 ASP + KITOSAN 8 10.5562.53984.19086 10.1049 11.0076 9.77 11.66 SIKMR 8 21.8663.28874.10208 21.6249 22.1076 21.47 22.32 Total 24 11.9412 7.78095 1.58828 8.6556 15.2269 2.77 22.32
Test of Homogeneity of Variances O Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig..587 2 21.565 ANOVA O Sum of Squares Df Square F Sig. Between Groups 1386.844 2 693.422 2577.748.000 Within Groups 5.649 21.269 Total 1392.493 23 Post Hoc Tests O LSD Multiple Comparisons 95% Confidence Interval (I) kelompok (J) kelompok Difference (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound MTA ASP + KITOSAN -7.15500 *.25933.000-7.6943-6.6157 SIKMR -18.46500 *.25933.000-19.0043-17.9257 ASP + KITOSAN MTA 7.15500 *.25933.000 6.6157 7.6943
SIKMR -11.31000 *.25933.000-11.8493-10.7707 SIKMR MTA 18.46500 *.25933.000 17.9257 19.0043 ASP + KITOSAN 11.31000 *.25933.000 10.7707 11.8493 *. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level. Oneway F Descriptives 95% Confidence Interval for Std. N Deviation Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound Minimum Maximum MTA 8.7338.52334.18503.2962 1.1713.12 1.40 ASP + KITOSAN 8 1.7913.40951.14478 1.4489 2.1336 1.14 2.12 SIKMR 8 7.4013 1.49124.52723 6.1545 8.6480 5.00 8.76 Total 24 3.3088 3.12155.63718 1.9906 4.6269.12 8.76 Test of Homogeneity of Variances F Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig. 14.728 2 21.000
ANOVA F Sum of Squares Df Square F Sig. Between Groups 205.456 2 102.728 115.625.000 Within Groups 18.658 21.888 Total 224.113 23 Post Hoc Tests Multiple Comparisons F LSD Difference 95% Confidence Interval (I) kelompok (J) kelompok (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound MTA ASP + KITOSAN -1.05750 *.47129.036-2.0376 -.0774 SIKMR -6.66750 *.47129.000-7.6476-5.6874 ASP + KITOSAN MTA 1.05750 *.47129.036.0774 2.0376 SIKMR -5.61000 *.47129.000-6.5901-4.6299 SIKMR MTA 6.66750 *.47129.000 5.6874 7.6476 ASP + KITOSAN 5.61000 *.47129.000 4.6299 6.5901 *. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.
Oneway Descriptives Na 95% Confidence Interval for Std. N Deviation Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound Minimum Maximum MTA 8.4662.13201.04667.3559.5766.23.65 ASP + KITOSAN 8 1.3263.18731.06622 1.1697 1.4828 1.04 1.55 SIKMR 8 2.4463.34247.12108 2.1599 2.7326 2.05 2.92 Total 24 1.4129.85872.17529 1.0503 1.7755.23 2.92 Test of Homogeneity of Variances Na Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig. 5.342 2 21.013 ANOVA Na Sum of Squares df Square F Sig. Between Groups 15.772 2 7.886 139.331.000 Within Groups 1.189 21.057 Total 16.960 23
Post Hoc Tests Multiple Comparisons Na LSD 95% Confidence Interval (I) kelompok (J) kelompok Difference (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound MTA ASP + KITOSAN -.86000 *.11895.000-1.1074 -.6126 SIKMR -1.98000 *.11895.000-2.2274-1.7326 ASP + KITOSAN MTA.86000 *.11895.000.6126 1.1074 SIKMR -1.12000 *.11895.000-1.3674 -.8726 SIKMR MTA 1.98000 *.11895.000 1.7326 2.2274 ASP + KITOSAN 1.12000 *.11895.000.8726 1.3674 *. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level. Oneway N Descriptives 95% Confidence Interval for Std. N Deviation Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound Minimum Maximum MTA 8.3737.15611.05519.2432.5043.19.61 ASP + KITOSAN 8 2.5388.22681.08019 2.3491 2.7284 2.24 2.89 SIKMR 8 24.8075 2.86019 1.01123 22.4163 27.1987 21.88 30.18
Descriptives N 95% Confidence Interval for Std. N Deviation Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound Minimum Maximum MTA 8.3737.15611.05519.2432.5043.19.61 ASP + KITOSAN 8 2.5388.22681.08019 2.3491 2.7284 2.24 2.89 SIKMR 8 24.8075 2.86019 1.01123 22.4163 27.1987 21.88 30.18 Total 24 9.2400 11.39166 2.32531 4.4297 14.0503.19 30.18 ANOVA N Sum of Squares Df Square F Sig. Between Groups 2926.914 2 1463.457 531.748.000 Within Groups 57.795 21 2.752 Total 2984.709 23
Post Hoc Tests Multiple Comparisons N LSD Difference 95% Confidence Interval (I) kelompok (J) kelompok (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound MTA ASP + KITOSAN -2.16500 *.82948.016-3.8900 -.4400 SIKMR -24.43375 *.82948.000-26.1588-22.7087 ASP + KITOSAN MTA 2.16500 *.82948.016.4400 3.8900 SIKMR -22.26875 *.82948.000-23.9938-20.5437 SIKMR MTA 24.43375 *.82948.000 22.7087 26.1588 ASP + KITOSAN 22.26875 *.82948.000 20.5437 23.9938 *. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level. Oneway Descriptives P 95% Confidence Interval for Std. N Deviation Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound Minimum Maximum MTA 8 3.3888.35430.12526 3.0925 3.6850 2.63 3.73 ASP + KITOSAN 8 1.6438.31296.11065 1.3821 1.9054 1.02 1.98 SIKMR 8 16.4513 1.72484.60982 15.0092 17.8933 13.35 18.85
Total 24 7.1613 6.82138 1.39241 4.2808 10.0417 1.02 18.85 Test of Homogeneity of Variances P Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig. 7.589 2 21.003 ANOVA P Sum of Squares df Square F Sig. Between Groups 1047.829 2 523.915 491.395.000 Within Groups 22.390 21 1.066 Total 1070.219 23 Post Hoc Tests Multiple Comparisons P LSD 95% Confidence Interval (I) kelompok (J) kelompok Difference (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound MTA ASP + KITOSAN 1.74500 *.51628.003.6713 2.8187
SIKMR -13.06250 *.51628.000-14.1362-11.9888 ASP + KITOSAN MTA -1.74500 *.51628.003-2.8187 -.6713 SIKMR -14.80750 *.51628.000-15.8812-13.7338 SIKMR MTA 13.06250 *.51628.000 11.9888 14.1362 ASP + KITOSAN 14.80750 *.51628.000 13.7338 15.8812 *. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level. Oneway Ca Descriptives 95% Confidence Interval for Std. N Deviation Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound Minimum Maximum MTA 8 7.9413.69372.24527 7.3613 8.5212 7.35 9.38 ASP + KITOSAN 8 1.8775.40138.14191 1.5419 2.2131 1.41 2.41 SIKMR 8 5.6463.16071.05682 5.5119 5.7806 5.48 5.93 Total 24 5.1550 2.59305.52930 4.0601 6.2499 1.41 9.38 Test of Homogeneity of Variances Ca Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig. 5.066 2 21.016
ANOVA Ca Sum of Squares Df Square F Sig. Between Groups 149.972 2 74.986 336.676.000 Within Groups 4.677 21.223 Total 154.649 23 Post Hoc Tests Ca LSD Multiple Comparisons 95% Confidence Interval (I) kelompok (J) kelompok Difference (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound MTA ASP + KITOSAN 6.06375 *.23597.000 5.5730 6.5545 SIKMR 2.29500 *.23597.000 1.8043 2.7857 ASP + KITOSAN MTA -6.06375 *.23597.000-6.5545-5.5730 SIKMR -3.76875 *.23597.000-4.2595-3.2780 SIKMR MTA -2.29500 *.23597.000-2.7857-1.8043 ASP + KITOSAN 3.76875 *.23597.000 3.2780 4.2595 *. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level. Oneway
Descriptives Si 95% Confidence Interval for Std. N Deviation Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound Minimum Maximum MTA 8 3.3775.27855.09848 3.1446 3.6104 3.03 3.78 ASP + KITOSAN 8 12.1463.81054.28657 11.4686 12.8239 11.30 13.29 SIKMR 8 5.2913.19577.06922 5.1276 5.4549 5.01 5.57 Total 24 6.9383 3.87595.79117 5.3017 8.5750 3.03 13.29 Test of Homogeneity of Variances Si Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig. 15.002 2 21.000 ANOVA Si Sum of Squares df Square F Sig. Between Groups 340.119 2 170.059 660.092.000 Within Groups 5.410 21.258 Total 345.529 23
Post Hoc Test Multiple Comparisons Si LSD Difference 95% Confidence Interval (I) kelompok (J) kelompok (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound MTA ASP + KITOSAN 8.76875 *.25379.000-9.2965-8.2410 SIKMR 6.85500 *.25379.000-2.4415-1.3860 ASP + KITOSAN MTA 1.91375 *.25379.000 8.2410 9.2965 SIKMR 6.85500 *.25379.000 6.3272 7.3828 SIKMR MTA 1.91375 *.25379.000 1.3860 2.4415 ASP + KITOSAN 8.76875 *.25379.000-7.3828-6.3272 *. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level. Oneway Al Descriptives 95% Confidence Interval for Std. N Deviation Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound Minimum Maximum MTA 8.4813.20904.07391.3065.6560.24.89 ASP + KITOSAN 8.1837.05317.01880.1393.2282.10.26 SIKMR 8 13.0800.88494.31287 12.3402 13.8198 11.18 14.11
Descriptives Al 95% Confidence Interval for Std. N Deviation Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound Minimum Maximum MTA 8.4813.20904.07391.3065.6560.24.89 ASP + KITOSAN 8.1837.05317.01880.1393.2282.10.26 SIKMR 8 13.0800.88494.31287 12.3402 13.8198 11.18 14.11 Test of Homogeneity of Variances Al Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig. 5.026 2 21.016 Total 24 4.5817 6.16026 1.25746 1.9804 7.1829.10 14.11 ANOVA Al Sum of Squares Df Square F Sig. Between Groups 867.014 2 433.507 1567.574.000 Within Groups 5.807 21.277
Total 872.822 23 Post Hoc Tests Multiple Comparisons Al LSD Difference 95% Confidence Interval (I) kelompok (J) kelompok (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound MTA ASP + KITOSAN.29750.26294.271 -.2493.8443 SIKMR -12.59875 *.26294.000-13.1456-12.0519 ASP + KITOSAN MTA -.29750.26294.271 -.8443.2493 SIKMR -12.89625 *.26294.000-13.4431-12.3494 SIKMR MTA 12.59875 *.26294.000 12.0519 13.1456 ASP + KITOSAN 12.89625 *.26294.000 12.3494 13.4431 *. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.
Lampiran 8 MINERAL TRIOXIDE AGGREGATE ( MTA )
MINERAL TRIOXIDE AGGREGATE ( MTA )
ABU SEKAM PADI DENGAN KITOSAN ABU SEKAM PADI DENGAN KITOSAN
SEMEN IONOMER KACA MODIFIKASI RESIN (SIKMR)
SEMEN IONOMER KACA MODIFIKASI RESIN (SIKMR)
Lampiran 9 HASIL UJI XRD ABU SEKAM PADI