Cincin focusing okuler

Transkripsi

1 Okuler Cincin focusing okuler Pemutar lensa objektif Lensa objektif Meja preparat Kondensor Diafragma medan Pengatur diafragma Cermin Pengatur meja Sumber cahaya Sekrup penggerak kasar/halus

2 Pembuatan Preparat Segar Penyayatan Bahan dengan Tangan Penutupan spesimen dengan kaca tutup

3 Tiga macam orientasi sayatan yang umum digunakan

4 Komponen Sel Tumbuhan Dinding Sel Dinding primer Dinding sekunder Lamela tengah Protoplas : Protoplasma Sitoplasma Inti Organel Non protoplasma Vakuola Zat ergastik

5 Latihan 1. Sifat sel hidup (aliran plasma/cyclosis) 1.1 Preparat (segar) : Rambut filamen bunga Rhoeo discolor Reagen : Air (1) Sirkulasi (lebih dari satu arah) : mitokondria, Rhoeo

6 1.2 Preparat (segar) : daun Hydrilla Reagen : Air Rotasi (satu arah) : plastida, Vallesneria

7 cytoplasmic streaming The movement of cytoplasm within a living cell. Cytoplasmic streaming, also called cyclosis, transports nutrients, enzymes, and larger particles within cells, enhances the exchange of materials between organelles, as well as between cells. In some unicellular organisms, such as amoeba, it provides the mechanism for cell locomotion. It is thought that microfilaments provide the driving force for, and control the direction of, the streaming. In some plant cells there is a rapid rotatory cytoplasmic movement, limited to the peripheral parts of the cell next to the cell wall, which carries chloroplasts and granules along. This movement may be increased by light, and is dependent on temperature and ph. Auxins, or plant growth hormones, may also increase the rate of movement. In some protozoans, such as the ciliates, slower cyclotic movements transport digestive vacuoles through the cell body.

8 Zat Ergastik Latihan 2. Preparat : Kerokan umbi kentang Solanum tuberosum Reagen : Air dan I2KI Pati majemuk Pati tunggal Pati ½ majemuk + I 2 KI pati biru

9 Latihan 3. KRISTAL kalsium oksalat, kalsium karbonat dan silikat Kristal Ca oksalat : Kristal pasir batang Solanum nigrum Kristal drus tangkai daun pepaya (Carica papaya) Kristal raphida pada Sansiviera/Pleomele angustifolia Kristal drus pada tangkai daun Carica papaya

10 Ca karbonat Kristal sistolit daun Ficus elastica (Kristal + tangkai) + CH3COOH?

11 Sifat sel : Plasmolisis

12 Jaringan Dasar Pada tumbuhan terdapat tiga sistem jaringan, yaitu : 1. Jaringan dasar Fungsi :» Penyokong tumbuhan» Pelindung tumbuhan» Tempat penyimpanan cadangan makanan 2. Jaringan dermal, berfungsi sebagai pelindung tumbuhan 3. Jaringan pembuluh, sistem peredaran

13 Latihan 5. Preparat : pen. mel. tangkai daun seledri (Apium graveolens) Reagen : Air Parenkim Sel hidup, dinding primer, vakuola besar Fungsi : Tempat penyimpanan cadangan makanan Kolenkim Tempat sel hidup, dinding berpenebalan terjadinya (selulosa) Fungsi : penyokong tumbuhan fotosintesis terutama pada tumbuhan tidak berkayu Salah satu jaringan pengisi Parenkim, kolenkim

14 Latihan 6. Sklerenkim Sel mati saat dewasa, dinding sekunder kaku (berlignin). jaringan penyokong terutama pada tumbuhan berkayu Dua tipe sklerenkim : (i) Sklereid (sel batu) (ii) Serat 6.1. SKLEREID Preparat : pen. mel. daun teratai (Nymphaea) Reagen : anilin sulfat Asterosklereid pada daun Nymphaea

15 Preparat : pen. mel. daun teratai (Nymphaea) Reagen : anilin sulfat Dinding primer Dinding sekunder Lumen Noktah

16 6.2. SKLERENKIM Preparat : pen. mel. daun Sanseviera Reagen : anilin sulfat S. cylindrica. B. S. deserti. C. S. singularis. D. S. stuckyi. E. S. grandis

17 Mesophyll comprises: 1. Outer region of chlorenchyma 2. Water storage tissue in central mesophyll, function remain unclear Chlorenchyma (grey) Fiber bundle (solid black) Water storage (white) Vascular bundle (black and white) Small fiber bundle (small solid black)

18 cuticle raphide vascular bundle chlorenchyma with pit fields