AN ANALYSIS OF ILLOCUTIONARY ACT IN THE NOVEL BREAKING DAWN BY STEPHENIE MEYER By AINIL MUSFIROH 200932293 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS 2015
AN ANALYSIS OF ILLOCUTIONARY ACT IN THE NOVEL BREAKING DAWN BY STEPHENIE MEYER By AINIL MUSFIROH 200932293 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS 2015 i
ii
AN ANALYSIS OF ILLOCUTIONARY ACT IN THE NOVEL BREAKING DAWN BY STEPHENIE MEYER SKRIPSI Presented to the University of Muria Kudus In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the SarjanaProgramin English Education By AINIL MUSFIROH 200932293 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS 2015 iii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION Motto: If Allah has a will, so it is happened. (Yaasin: 82) Nobody is perfect. Praying and attempting are the Key of Success Dedication: This skripsiisdedicatedto: Allah the Almighty. Her beloved parents (Sugiono and Suharti), her beloved sisters (Laila Musdalifah and Alya Faizah) thanks a lot for your support, pray and blessing. Her special people (Taskan Akrom, Arta Akbarul Wildan and Ardiana Shoffatul Mala), who always gives support and spirit for her. Her best friends (Ririn, Titin, Aisyah, Yani, Puput, Herlina, Ais, Sari, Iis, Nunik, and Bagus) who always support and give spirit for the writer. iv
ADVISORS APPROVAL This is to certify that the skripsi of Ainil Musfiroh (2009-32-293) has been approved by the skripsi advisors for further approval by the Examining Committee. Kudus, September 2015 Advisor I Drs. Suprihadi, M.Pd NIP. 19570616-198403-1-015 Advisor II Rismiyanto, S.S, M.Pd NIS. 0610701000001146 Acknowledged by The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Dean, v
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Alhamdulillah thanks to Allah SWT the Almighty for the blessing and aspirations so that the writer can complete this skripsi entitled An Analysis of Illocutionary Act in the Novel Breaking Dawn by Stephenie Meyer. The writer also wishes to express her deepest gratitude to those who are directly or indirectly involved in completing this skripsi, they are: 1. Dr. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd, the Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University. 2. Diah Kurniati, S. Pd, M. Pd, the Head of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University. 3. Drs. Suprihadi, M.Pd as the first advisor and Rismiyanto, S.S, M.Pdas the second advisor, who have guided heraccurately and pantiently during the writing of skripsi. 4. The lecturers of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University. 5. Her beloved parents, Sugiono and Suharti, herbeloved sisters (Laila Musdalifah and Alya Faizah), and all of her family who cannot be mentioned one by one, thanks a lot for giving prayer and spirit to her in finishing this skripsi. 6. Her special someone (Taskan Akrom, Arta Akbarul Wildan and Ardiana Shoffatul Mala), who always gives prayer, spirit and helps her. vii
7. Her best friends (Titin, Ririn, Ais, Yani, Aisyah, Puput, Herlina, Sari, Iis, Nunik, and Bagus), for their assistances and supports in completing this research. 8. All of her friends in the Muria Kudus University who help her whose name cannot be mentioned one by one, the writer can only say thanks. In addition, the writer would like to express her sincerest gratitudeto the readers for some criticism and suggestions. Hopefully, this skripsi will be useful for everyone. Kudus, September 2015 Ainil Musfiroh viii
ABSTRACT Musfiroh, Ainil. 2015. An Analysis of Illocutionary Act in the Novel Breaking Dawn by Stephenie Meyer. Skripsi English Education Department, Teacher training and Education Faculty, Muria Kudus University. Advisors: (i) Drs. Suprihadi, M.Pd., (ii) Rismiyanto, S.S,M. Pd Keyword: Speech act, illocutionary acts, novel Communication is the way for people to connect with others. By doing communication people can express their feeling, idea, emotion and desire. When they do communication with other, they try to delivertheir feeling, idea and emotion by saying some utterances. In order to have a good communication, people need to understand what their partner says. But, sometimes, there is misunderstanding beetwen speaker and hearer. What the speaker intent is not same with the hearer graps (implicit meaning). So, people have to know how to use language in communication to avoid misunderstanding. A study of how language is used to communicate is called pragmatics. There are some parts in pragmatics element involving the speaker and listener or reader and the writer discussed. In speech acts we will study about the use of utterance in the right aspects. An utterance will have the right meaning if the utterance is said based on the context. Speech acts consist of three types. They are locution, illocution, and perlocution. From the three types of speech acts above, the types that very influence of the occurrence an effect is illocution. In the illocutionary act, the speaker s utterance is having meaning to influence the hearer to do something that the speakers want. The objectives of this research are as follows (i) To find out the structural forms of illocutionary acts in the novel Breaking Dawn by Stephenie Meyer. (ii) To find out the functions of illocutionary acts of the utterances in the novel Breaking Dawn by Stephenie Meyer. This design of this research is qualitative research. This research used descriptive qualitative method. The data is illocutionary acts taken from the utterance of breaking dawn novel and the data source is breaking dawn novel. The result of this research identified 481 illocutionary acts.it consist of 3 declarations, 128 representatives, 82 expressives, 180 directives and 84 commissives. Based on the result of the research above, the teacher should introduce and teach their students about speech acts because it is very important to enrich the student s knowledge in understanding the speaker s meaning. The students should give attention to speech acts and try to master it. The writer suggests that the analysis of speech acts can be more innovative in English department and teacher training faculty of muria Kudus University. ix
ABSTRAKSI Musfiroh, Ainil. 2015. Suatu Analisis Tindak Ilokusipada Novel Breaking Dawn oleh Stephenie Meyer.Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Muria Kudus. Pembimbing: (i) Drs. Suprihadi, M.Pd., (ii) Rismiyanto, S.S,M. Pd Kata kunci:tindak tutur, tindak ilokusi,novel Komunikasi adalah cara orang untuk terhubung dengan orang lain. Dengan melakukan komunikasi orang mampu mengungkapkan perasaan, pikiran, emosi, dan hasrat mereka. Ketika kita melakukan komunikasi dengan orang lain, mereka mencoba untuk menyampaikan perasaan, pikiran, dan emosi mereka dengan mengucapkan beberapa ungkapan agar bisa berkomunikasi dengan baik, orang perlu memahami apa yang dikatakan lawan bicaranya. Tetapi, kadang kadang ada kesalahpahaman antara penutur dan lawan tutur. Apa yang dimaksud oleh penutur tidak sama dengan pemahaman lawan tutur (makna sebenarnya). Jadi, orang perlu mengetahui bagaimana menggunakan bahasa dalam komunikasi untuk menghindari kesalahpahaman. Suatu pembelajaran yang mempelajari tentang bagaimana bahasa digunakan disebut pragmatik. Terdapat beberapa bagian dalam pragmatik untuk dipelajari yang salah satunya adalah tindak tutur. Tindak tutur merupakan salah satu bagian prakmatik yang melibatkan pendengar dan pembicara. Dalam tindak tutur kita akan mempelajari tentang penggunaan suatu ucapan dalam aspek yang sesuai. Suatu ucapan akan mempunyai arti yang sesuai apabila di ucapkan dalam konteks yang tepat. Tindak tutur terdiri dari tiga bagian yaitu lokusi, ilokusi dan perlokusi. Dari ketiga bagian tindak tutur tersebut, bagian tindak tutur yang sangat mempengaruhi efek suatu peristiwa adalah ilokusi. Dalam tindak ilokusi ucapan pembicara mempunyai makna untuk mempengaruhi pendengar untuk melakukan sesuatu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut: (i) Untuk mengetahui bentuk struktur tindakan ilokusi yang ditemukan di novel Breaking Dawn oleh Stephenie Meyer, (ii) Untuk mengetahui fungsi tindakan ilokusi yang digunakan di novel Breaking Dawn oleh Stephenie Meyer. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Model penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Datanya adalah tindak ilokusi yang diambil dari ucapan yang terdapat dalam novel breaking dawn dan sumber datanya adalah novel breaking dawn. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diatas, penulis menyarankan bahwa guru harus mengenalkan dan mengajarkan tindak tutur karena itu sangat penting untuk memperkaya pengetahuan mereka dalam memahami makna seorang penutur. Siswa harus memperhatikan pada tindak tutur dan berusaha untuk menguasainya. Penulis berharap analisis tindak tutur bisa lebih inovatif di fakultas keguruan dan ilmu pendidikan universitas muria kudus. x
TABLE OF CONTENTS Page COVER... i LOGO... ii TITLE... iii MOTTO AND DEDICATION... iv ADVISORS APPROVAL... v EXAMINERS APPROVAL... vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT... vii ABSTRACT... ix ABSTRAKSI... x TABLE OF CONTENTS... xi LIST OF TABLES... xiv LIST OF APPENDICES... xv CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Research... 1 1.2 Statements of the Research... 5 1.3 Objectives of the Research... 5 1.4 Significances of the Research... 6 1.5 Scope of the Research... 6 1.6 Operational Definition... 7 CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1. Pragmatics... 9 2.2. Speech Acts Theory... 11 2.3. Types of Speech Acts... 12 2.4. Illocutionary Act... 14 2.5. The Structural Form of Illocutionary Act... 15 xi
2.6. Functions of Illocutionary Act.... 17 2.7. Biography of Stepheny Meyer.....20 2.8. The Breaking Dawn Novel.... 20 2.9. Review of Previous Research...... 22 2.10. Theoretical Framework...23 CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH 3.1 Design of the Research... 25 3.2 Data and Data Sources... 26 3.3 Data Collecting... 26 3.4 Data Analysis... 26 CHAPTER IV FINDINGS OF THE RESEARCH 4.1 The Structural Forms and Functions of Illocutionary Acts in the Novel Breaking Dawn by Stephenie Meyer... 29 CHAPTER V DISCUSSION 5.1 The Structural Forms of Illocutionary Act Found in Breaking Dawn Novel... 79 5.2 The Functions of Illocutionary Act Found in Breaking Dawn Novel. 80 5.2.1 Declarations... 81 5.2.2 Representatives... 81 5.2.3 Expressives... 114 5.2.4 Directives... 135 5.2.5 Commissives... 179 xii
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 6.1 Conclusion... 199 6.2 Suggestion... 200 REFFERENCES... 201 APPENDICES... 202 CURRICULUM VITAE STATEMENT SHEET xiii
LIST OF TABLES Table Page 3.1 Table of the structural forms and functions of illocutionary acts in the novel Breaking Dawn by Stephenie Meyer... 27 4.1.1 The Analysis of Chapter 1 in Breaking Dawn Novel... 30 4.1.2 The Analysis of Chapter 2 in Breaking Dawn Novel... 35 4.1.3 The Analysis of Chapter 3 in Breaking Dawn Novel... 41 4.1.4 The Analysis of Chapter 4 in Breaking Dawn Novel... 44 4.1.5 The Analysis of Chapter 5 in Breaking Dawn Novel... 52 4.1.6 The Analysis of Chapter 6 in Breaking Dawn Novel... 61 4.1.7 The Analysis of Chapter 7 in Breaking Dawn Novel... 74 xiv
LIST OF APPENDICES APPENDIX Page 1. Chapter 1 Engaged... 203 2. Chapter 2 Long Night... 219 3. Chapter 3 Big Day... 230 4. Chapter 4 Gesture... 240 5. Chapter 5 Isle Esme... 261 6. Chapter 6 Distractions... 279 7. Chapter 7 Unexpected... 295 xv