INVESTASI DAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH

Transkripsi

1 INVESTASI DAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH Hendri Saparini, Ph.D Seminar Mahasiswa STIAMI Bekasi, 29 Maret 2015

2 Potensi Investasi dan Perdagangan

3 Indonesia Ekonomi Penting Dunia Pertumbuhan Stabil dan Tertinggi Ke 3 dan GDP No. 16 Dunia % United China Japan Germany France United Brazil Russia Italy Canada India Australia Mexico Korea Indonesia Turkey Argentina United South 0, Thousand Billion

4 Penduduk Terbesar No. 4 Dunia dan SDA Melimpah Berpotensi menjadi salah satu production base dunia Ranking Product Exported Value (bill. US$) Share Export (%) Share in world exports (%) Ranking in world exports 1 Coal Petroleum gases Palm oil & its fraction Crude petroleum oils Natural rubber Copper ores and concentrates Coconut (copra) Petroleum coke Unwrought tin Plywood Total

5 MP3EI: Enam Koridor Ekonomi Tiap Daerah memiliki potensi dan daya saing berbeda Sumatera Corridor: Center for Production and Processing of Natural Resources and As Nation s Energy Reserves Kalimantan Corridor: Center for Production and Processing of National Mining and Energy Reserves Sulawesi Corridor: Center for Production and Processing of National Agricultural, Plantation, Fishery, Oil & Gas, and Mining Papua Maluku Islands Corridor: Center for Development of Food, Fishery, Energy and National Mining Mega economic centers Economic centers Java Corridor: Driver for National Industry and Service Provision Bali Nusa Tenggara Corridor: Gateway for Tourism and National Food Support

6 PMA Primer dan Sekunder Akan Tumbuh Lebih Tinggi Indonesia tujuan investasi utama UNCTAD: Indonesia s ranking rose from position 4 to 3 as a prime investment destination American business representatives: popular location in ASEAN for business expansion Promising Countries For Japanese FDI (JBIC)

7 TRILIUN RUPIAH RIBU ORANG Investasi Langsung Tumbuh PMA dan PMDN TK PMA (skala kanan) 1, TK PMDN (skala kanan) Investasi PMA (skala kiri) Investasi PMDN (skala kiri) Sumber: BKPM

8 Penanaman Modal Asing 2013 Industri kendaraan bermotor mendominasi PMA Menurut Sektor Dominasi Manufaktur Industri Manufaktur 55% Lainnya 9% Transportasi, Gudang & Komunikasi 5% Listrik, Gas dan Air 8% Pertambang an 17% Pertanian 6% Ind. Kendaraa n Bermotor 24% Ind. Logam, Mesin & Elektronik 21% Industri Lainnya 15% Kimia dan Farmasi 20% Industri Makanan 13% Ind. Kertas dan Percetakan 7% Sumber: BI

9 Penanaman Modal Domestik, 2013 Industri makanan masih menjadi primadona PMDN Menurut Sektor Dominasi Manufaktur Lainnya 4% Pertanian 5% Industri Manufaktur 33% Listrik, Gas dan Air 25% Konstruksi 7% Transportasi, & Komunikasi 13% Pertambang an 13% Industri Makanan 34% Ind. Logam, Mesin & Elektronik 16% Industri Lainnya 12% Ind. Kertas dan Percetakan 14% Ind. Mineral Non Logam 10% Ind. Kimia dan Farmasi 14% Sumber: BI

10 Investasi Untuk Penguatan Daya Saing

11 Miliar US$...ketergantungan tinggi pada impor impor raw material dan intermediate goods Consumption Raw Material and Intermediete goods Capital goods Sumber: BI

12 Struktur Impor: 70% Bahan Baku dan Penolong Ketergantungan harus diselesaikan dengan membangun supporting industri pharmaceutical products repair and installation of machinery and equipment machinery and equipment n.e.c. chemicals and chemical products leather and related products wearing apparel electrical equipment basic metals computer, electronic and optical products other transport equipment fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment rubber and plastics products textiles %

13 Millions of USD Defisit Transaksi Berjalan Tidak Mudah Diselesaikan Defisit neraca minyak, pendapatan dan jasa, akibat permasalahan struktural 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 Nonmigas, 4,637 Gas, 3,501 Barang, 1, ,000 Jasa - jasa, -2,313-4,000-6,000-8,000 Pendapatan, -5,694 Minyak, -6,497-10,000 Sumber : BI

14 ASEAN COMMUNITY ASEAN SOCIAL AND CULTURAL COMMUNITY ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY ASEAN POLITICAL AND SECURITY COMMUNITY Single Market and Production Base Competitive Economic Region Equitable Economic Development Integration into the Global Economy Free Flow of Goods Free Flow of Services Competition Policy Consumer Protection SME Development Initiative for ASEAN Integration Coherent approach towards external economic relations Free Flow of Investment Intellectual Property Rights Enhanced participation in global supply networks Freer Flow of Capital Infrastructure Development Free Flow of Skilled Labour Taxation Priority Integration Sectors e-commerce Food, Agriculture, Forestry

15 Neraca Perdagangan Intra-ASEAN: kinerja Indonesia relatif paling buruk, defisit makin melebar perlu strategi yang tidak memperlebar defisit perdagangan & neraca transaksi berjalan Milyar US$ Non-Migas Singapura (5) (10) Thailand Malaysia Vietnam Filipina INDONESIA

16 Perdagangan Jasa ASEAN defisit Indonesia terbesar dan persisten dibutuhkan strategi dan kebijakan untuk menutup defisit jasa yg lebar US$ Milyar Singapura 5 0 Malaysia Filipina Vietnam -5 Thailand Indonesia

17 Indonesia hanya tinggal mengandalkan strategi Non-Tariff Barriers kerjasama ekonomi yang agresif, mengakibatkan penurunan Import Tariff yang tanpa strategi India (2013) Brazil (2011) China (2011) Russia (2013) Indonesia (2011) All products Agricultural Industrial

18 Miliar US$ Neraca Perdagangan Indonesia-China pasca CAFTA, defisit semakin membengkak Import 10 Export 5 0 Trade Balance Sumber: International Trade Center

19 Miliar US$ Miliar US$ Neraca Perdagangan Indonesia-Jepang pasca JIEPA, non migas terus mengalami defisit Value of Export & Import Trade Balance Export 15 Oil & gas Import Trade Balance - 10 (5) 5 Non-oil and gas (10) Sumber: International Trade Center

20 Investasi Untuk Penyelesaian Kemiskinan dan Pengangguran

21 Poverty (%) Kinerja Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Tidak menyelesaikan kesenjangan, kemiskinan dan pengangguran 35 HIGH POVERTY LOW UNEMPLOYMENT Papua Barat HIGH POVERTY HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT 30 Papua Nusa Tenggara Timur Bengkulu Gorontalo Maluku Aceh 15 Sulawesi Barat Nusa Tenggara Barat Kalimantan Tengah Bali LOW POVERTY LOW UNEMPLOYMENT Sulawesi Utara Jawa Barat Kalimantan Timur Banten DKI Jakarta Open Unemployment Rate (%) LOW POVERTY HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT Sumber:

22 Millions Kesenjangan Melebar Kelas menengah baru pesat, kemiskinan masih sangat tinggi ( (25% popul Persen DKI Jakarta Bali Kalsel Babel Kalteng Banten Kaltim Kepri Jambi Riau Kalbar Sulut Malut Sumbar Jabar Sumut Sulsel Sulbar Jatim Sumsel Provinsi Jateng DIY Sultra Sulteng Bengkulu Lampung NAD NTB NTT Gorontalo Maluku Papua Barat Papua Sumber:ADB, Bank Dunia

23 Mendorong investasi bukan sekadar mendulang Pendapatan Asli Daerah. Perlu pertimbangan penguatan daya saing dan penyelesaian masalah struktural Terimakasih