KEADAAN IKLIM Climate

Transkripsi

1 KEADAAN IKLIM Climate

2 JAKARTA IN FIGURES 2008 CLIMATE 2. KEADAAN IKLIM Kota Jakarta dan pada umumnya di seluruh daerah di Indonesia mempunyai dua musim, yaitu musim kemarau dan penghujan. Pada bulan Juni sampai dengan September arus angin berasal dari Australia dan tidak banyak mengandung uap air, sehingga mengakibatkan musim kemarau. Sebaliknya pada bulan Desember sampai dengan Maret arus angin banyak mengandung uap air yang berasal dari Asia dan Samudera Pasifik sehingga terjadi musim penghujan. Pada tahun 2007 suhu udara yang diamati di lima stasiun pengamat tidak terlihat adanya perbedaan yang nyata walaupun suhu udara sangat tergantung pada tinggi rendahnya stasiun pengamat terhadap permukaan air laut. Secara umum Kota Jakarta beriklim panas dengan rata-rata suhu maksimum udara berkisar 34,1 0 C pada siang hari dan suhu minimum udara berkisar 23,6 0 C pada malam hari. Suhu maksimum tercatat di stasiun pengamat Pondok Betung yaitu 34,9 0 C. Sedangkan kelembaban udara maksimum ratarata di Kota Jakarta sebesar 94,0% dan ratarata minimum sebesar 47,4%, dengan rata-rata curah hujan sepanjang tahun sebesar 190,5 mm CLIMATE Generally, regions in Indonesia only have two season, including Jakarta city. The dry season in June to September is influenced by the Australia Continental air masses. Meanwhile the rainy season in December to March is influenced by the Asia Continental and Pacific Ocean air masses passing over oceans. The air contains a great deal of moisture and causes rain fall in Indonesia. In 2007, the temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind velocity and rainfall were watched in five observation station in Jakarta. The variation of measurements is influenced by the altitude of each location. In General, climate condition of Jakarta is tropical zone, with the highest temperature was around 34,1 o C at day and the average lowest temperature was about 23,6 o C at night. The highest temperature was recorded 34.9 o C in the Pondok Betung observation station. Meanwhile the relative maximum humidity was 94,0% and the relative minimum was 47,4% with the rainfall intensity, was reached 190,5 mm 2. BPS-Statistics DKI Jakarta Provincial Office 17

3 KEADAAN IKLIM JAKARTA DALAM ANGKA BPS Provinsi DKI Jakarta

4 JAKARTA IN FIGURES 2008 CLIMATE 2. KEADAAN IKLIM / CLIMATE Tabel Rata-Rata Suhu Udara, Kelembaban, Tekanan Udara, Arah Angin, : 2.1. Kecepatan Angin, Curah Hujan dan Penyinaran Matahari Menurut Table Stasiun Pengamatan, 2007 Average of Temperature, Relative humidity, Atmospheric Pressure,Wind Direction, Wind Velocity, Rainfall, and Sunlight by Observation Station, 2007 Uraian Description Suhu/Temperature ( 0 C) Pondok Betung Stasiun Pengamatan/Observation Station Halim Perdana Kusuma Cengkareng Jakarta Tanjung Priok (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Maksimum/Maximum 34,9 32,5 34,0 34,3 34,7 Minimum/Minimum 23,0 24,0 22,8 23,9 24,2 Rata-Rata/Average 27,7 27,4 27,6 28,3 28,3 Kelembaban Udara/ Relative Humidity (%) Maksimum/Maximum Minimum/Minimum Rata-Rata/Average Tekanan Udara Atmospheric Pressure (mbs) Arah Angin Wind Direction (Point) Kecepatan Angin Wind Velocity (M/SE) Curah Hujan Rainfall (mm 2 ) Penyinaran Matahari Sunlight (%) 1 009, , , , , ,5 3,3 4,8 5,2 7,3 224,3 243,1 119,4 196,2 169, Sumber/Source: Badan Meteorologi & Geofisika BPS-Statistics DKI Jakarta Provincial Office 19

5 KEADAAN IKLIM JAKARTA DALAM ANGKA 2008 Tabel Table : 2.2. Suhu Udara Maksimun, Minimum dan Rata-rata Menurut Bulan di Stasiun Pengamatan Jakarta, 2007 Maximim, Minimum and Average Temperature in Observation Station of Jakarta by Month, 2007 Bulan Month Maksimum Maximum Suhu Udara/Temperature Minimum Minimum Rata-Rata Average (1) (2) (3) (4) Januari/January 35,2 24,4 28,6 Pebruari/February 33,5 22,2 27,1 Maret/March 35,2 24,2 28,0 April/April 34,0 24,2 28,3 Mei/May 35,0 24,1 28,7 Juni/June 34,0 25,0 28,5 Juli/July 33,8 24,0 28,6 Agustus/August 34,6 24,0 28,6 September/September 34,1 24,0 28,6 Oktober/October 35,2 23,0 28,6 Nopember/November 34,1 24,0 28,5 Desember/December 32,8 23,6 27,3 Sumber/ Source: Badan Meteorologi & Geofisika 20 BPS Provinsi DKI Jakarta

6 JAKARTA IN FIGURES 2008 CLIMATE Tabel Table : 2.3. Kelembaban Udara Maksimum, Minimum dan Rata-rata Menurut Bulan di Stasiun Pengamatan Jakarta, 2007 Maximim, Minimum and Average Relative Humidity in Observation Station of Jakarta by Month, 2007 Bulan Month Maksimun Maximum Kelembaban Udara/Relative humidity (%) Minimum Minimum Rata-Rata Average (1) (2) (3) (4) Januari/January Pebruari/February Maret/March April/April Mei/May Juni/June Juli/July Agustus/August September/September Oktober/October Nopember/November Desember/December Sumber/ Source: Badan Meteorologi & Geofisika BPS-Statistics DKI Jakarta Provincial Office 21

7 KEADAAN IKLIM JAKARTA DALAM ANGKA 2008 Tabel Table : 2.4. Jumlah Curah Hujan dan Banyaknya Hari Hujan Menurut Bulan di Stasiun Pengamatan Jakarta, 2007 Rainfall by Month and Frequency of Rain in Observation Station of Jakarta by Month, 2007 Bulan Month Curah Hujan Rainfall (mm 2 ) Banyaknya Hari Hujan Frequency of Rain (days) (1) (2) (3) Januari/January 211,3 14 Pebruari/February 674,9 23 Maret/March 178,3 19 April/April 165,5 16 Mei/May 188,5 12 Juni/June 100,7 10 Juli/July 34,5 3 Agustus/August 66,6 5 September/September 59,7 4 Oktober/October 75,6 13 Nopember/November 85,5 14 Desember/December 512,8 22 Sumber/ Source: Badan Meteorologi & Geofisika 22 BPS Provinsi DKI Jakarta

8 JAKARTA IN FIGURES 2008 CLIMATE Tabel Rata-rata Tekanan Udara, Arah Angin, Kecepatan Angin dan : 2.5. Penyinaran Matahari Menurut Bulan di Stasiun Pengamatan Table Jakarta, 2007 Atmospheric pressure, Wind Direction, Wind Velocity, and Sunlight in Observation Station of Jakarta by Month, 2007 Bulan Month Tekanan Udara Atmospheric Pressure (mbs) Arah Angin Wind Direction (Point) Kecepatan Angin Wind Velocity (M/SE) Penyinaran Matahari Sunlight (%) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Januari/January 1 010, Pebruari/February 1 010, Maret/March 1 009, April/April 1 009, Mei/May 1 010, Juni/June 1 008, Juli/July 1 010, Agustus/August 1 010, September/September 1 010, Oktober/October 1 009, Nopember/November 1 009, Desember/December 1 008, Sumber/ Source: Badan Meteorologi & Geofisika BPS-Statistics DKI Jakarta Provincial Office 23

9 KEADAAN IKLIM JAKARTA DALAM ANGKA 2008 Tabel Kualitas dan Baku Mutu Udara Menurut Lokasi Pengukuran, 2007 : 2.6. Table Standard Qualification and Air Qualities by Measure Location, 2007 Lokasi Pengukuran Measure Location Metode Sesaat/Temporary Methode NO 2 (µg/m 3 ) SO 2 (µg/m 3 ) TSP (µg/m 3 ) (1) (2) (3) (4) I Daerah Pemukiman/Housing Area 1. Dinas Pertamanan 22,90 13, Kantor Kec. Cilincing 21,55 12, Kantor Kelurahan Tebet 34,42 10, Mesjid Al-Firdaus 25,90 14, IPAK Lubang Buaya 38,62 12, II Daerah Industri/Industry Area 1. PT.JIEP Pulo Gadung 133,16 12, III Daerah Perkantoran/Office Area 1. Mesjid Istiqlal 30,20 13, Kuningan (BPLHD) 74,72 9, IV Daerah Rekreasi/Recreation Area 1. Dunia Fantasi Ancol 42,61 11, Keterangan/Note: Kriteria Ambien Kualitas Udara ( Nilai Baku Mutu) : - Nitrogen Oksida (NO 2 ) = 0,0500 ppm - Sulfur Dioksida (SO 2 ) = 0,1000 ppm - TSP = 150 (µg/m 3 ) Sumber/Source : BPLHD Provinsi DKI Jakarta - 24 BPS Provinsi DKI Jakarta