Alur Penelitian I Persiapan sampel gigi P Pembuatan pasta kitosan nanopartikel II Penanaman sampel gigi P dalam pipa paralon Preparasi kavitas Klas I Aplikasi Bahan Uji yang dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok, masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 6 sampel 1 gram kitosan + 50 ml larutan asam asetat 1% Diaduk pada kecepatan 200 rpm (± 30 menit) Pasta kitosan. Kelompok I SIKMR Kelompok II SIKMRN Kelompok III SIKMR + Kitosan Blangkas Nano Kelompok IV SIKMRN + Kitosan Blangkas Nano Pasta kitosan dimasukkan dalam ultrasonic bath Sampel gigi P di potong pada bagian akar dan gigi di bagi dua pada arah bukal-lingual Pasta Kitosan blangkas Nanopartikel Potongan sampel gigi P ditanam di dalam mould Hasil cetakan dikeluarkan dari mould Dilakukan pemeriksaan dengan SEM dan EDX
Lampiran 8 SIKMR
SIKMRn
SIKMR + Kitosan
SIKMRn + Kitosan
Tests of Normality Kolmogorov-Smirnov a Shapiro-Wilk Kelompok Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig. C SIKMR.384 6.006.763 6.057 SIKMRn.194 6.200 *.892 6.329 SIKMR + Kitosan.238 6.200 *.898 6.362 SIKMRn + Kitosan.200 6.200 *.879 6.267 O SIKMR.178 6.200 *.968 6.877 SIKMRn.166 6.200 *.951 6.752 SIKMR + Kitosan.168 6.200 *.942 6.672 SIKMRn + Kitosan.256 6.200 *.914 6.465 F SIKMR.300 6.098.702 6.067 SIKMRn.254 6.200 *.820 6.088 SIKMR + Kitosan.220 6.200 *.935 6.619 SIKMRn + Kitosan.234 6.200 *.923 6.527 Na SIKMR.253 6.200 *.890 6.317 SIKMRn.260 6.200 *.878 6.260 SIKMR + Kitosan.177 6.200 *.970 6.896 SIKMRn + Kitosan.202 6.200 *.925 6.542 Al SIKMR.198 6.200 *.961 6.828 SIKMRn.305 6.086.783 6.051 SIKMR + Kitosan.223 6.200 *.869 6.220 SIKMRn + Kitosan.250 6.200 *.902 6.385 Si SIKMR.222 6.200 *.925 6.542 SIKMRn.145 6.200 *.980 6.954 SIKMR + Kitosan.176 6.200 *.950 6.738 SIKMRn + Kitosan.161 6.200 *.963 6.845 N SIKMR.338 6.031.797 6.055 SIKMRn.340 6.029.802 6.061
SIKMR + Kitosan.253 6.200 *.906 6.412 SIKMRn + Kitosan.254 6.200 *.830 6.107 P SIKMR.189 6.200 *.960 6.822 SIKMRn.267 6.200 *.815 6.080 SIKMR + Kitosan.141 6.200 *.979 6.949 SIKMRn + Kitosan.217 6.200 *.941 6.664 Ca SIKMR.259 6.200 *.863 6.201 SIKMRn.353 6.018.744 6.057 SIKMR + Kitosan.221 6.200 *.855 6.171 SIKMRn + Kitosan.253 6.200 *.885 6.291 a. Lilliefors Significance Correction *. This is a lower bound of the true significance.
Oneway Descriptives C 95% Confidence Interval for Maxim N Std. Deviation Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound Minimum um SIKMR 6 3.0117.40975.16728 2.5817 3.4417 2.62 3.81 SIKMRn 6 2.8850.22251.09084 2.6515 3.1185 2.64 3.17 SIKMR + Kitosan 6 2.8350.18019.07356 2.6459 3.0241 2.66 3.12 SIKMRn + Kitosan 6 2.7383.13333.05443 2.5984 2.8783 2.59 2.89 Total 24 2.8675.26137.05335 2.7571 2.9779 2.59 3.81 Test of Homogeneity of Variances C Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig. 1.002 3 20.412 ANOVA C Sum of Squares df Square F Sig. Between Groups.233 3.078 1.161.349 Within Groups 1.338 20.067 Total 1.571 23
Post Hoc Tests Multiple Comparisons C LSD Difference 95% Confidence Interval (I) Kelompok (J) Kelompok (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound SIKMR SIKMRn.12667.14935.406 -.1849.4382 SIKMR + Kitosan.17667.14935.251 -.1349.4882 SIKMRn + Kitosan.27333.14935.082 -.0382.5849 SIKMRn SIKMR -.12667.14935.406 -.4382.1849 SIKMR + Kitosan.05000.14935.741 -.2615.3615 SIKMRn + Kitosan.14667.14935.338 -.1649.4582 SIKMR + Kitosan SIKMR -.17667.14935.251 -.4882.1349 SIKMRn -.05000.14935.741 -.3615.2615 SIKMRn + Kitosan.09667.14935.525 -.2149.4082 SIKMRn + Kitosan SIKMR -.27333.14935.082 -.5849.0382 SIKMRn -.14667.14935.338 -.4582.1649 SIKMR + Kitosan -.09667.14935.525 -.4082.2149 Oneway Descriptives O 95% Confidence Interval for N Std. Deviation Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound Minimum Maximum SIKMR 6 21.7550.22705.09269 21.5167 21.9933 21.47 22.12 SIKMRn 6 21.7817 1.39558.56975 20.3171 23.2462 19.82 23.43 SIKMR + Kitosan 6 21.0783.96543.39414 20.0652 22.0915 19.94 22.40
SIKMRn + Kitosan 6 19.4550 1.63336.66682 17.7409 21.1691 17.77 22.03 Total 24 21.0175 1.46604.29925 20.3984 21.6366 17.77 23.43 Test of Homogeneity of Variances O Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig. 3.978 3 20.053 ANOVA O Sum of Squares df Square F Sig. Between Groups 21.438 3 7.146 5.105.009 Within Groups 27.996 20 1.400 Total 49.433 23 Post Hoc Tests Multiple Comparisons O LSD 95% Confidence Interval (I) Kelompok (J) Kelompok Difference (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound SIKMR SIKMRn -.02667.68308.969-1.4515 1.3982 SIKMR + Kitosan.67667.68308.334 -.7482 2.1015 SIKMRn + Kitosan 2.30000 *.68308.003.8751 3.7249 SIKMRn SIKMR.02667.68308.969-1.3982 1.4515 SIKMR + Kitosan.70333.68308.315 -.7215 2.1282 SIKMRn + Kitosan 2.32667 *.68308.003.9018 3.7515 SIKMR + Kitosan SIKMR -.67667.68308.334-2.1015.7482 SIKMRn -.70333.68308.315-2.1282.7215
SIKMRn + Kitosan 1.62333 *.68308.028.1985 3.0482 SIKMRn + Kitosan SIKMR -2.30000 *.68308.003-3.7249 -.8751 SIKMRn -2.32667 *.68308.003-3.7515 -.9018 SIKMR + Kitosan -1.62333 *.68308.028-3.0482 -.1985 *. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level. ONEWAY F BY Kelompok /STATISTICS DESCRIPTIVES HOMOGENEITY /MISSING ANALYSIS /POSTHOC=LSD ALPHA(0.05). Oneway Descriptives F 95% Confidence Interval for Maxi N Std. Deviation Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound Minimum mum SIKMR 6 7.8550 1.45169.59265 6.3315 9.3785 5.00 8.76 SIKMRn 6 6.9767.34431.14056 6.6153 7.3380 6.67 7.44 SIKMR + Kitosan 6 7.2533 2.06499.84303 5.0863 9.4204 4.62 9.89 SIKMRn + Kitosan 6 7.2117.69223.28260 6.4852 7.9381 6.49 8.25 Total 24 7.3242 1.27463.26018 6.7859 7.8624 4.62 9.89 Test of Homogeneity of Variances F Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig. 6.714 3 20.053 ANOVA F Sum of Squares df Square F Sig. Between Groups 2.521 3.840.482.698
Within Groups 34.847 20 1.742 Total 37.368 23 Post Hoc Tests Multiple Comparisons F LSD Difference 95% Confidence Interval (I) Kelompok (J) Kelompok (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound SIKMR SIKMRn.87833.76209.263 -.7114 2.4680 SIKMR + Kitosan.60167.76209.439 -.9880 2.1914 SIKMRn + Kitosan.64333.76209.409 -.9464 2.2330 SIKMRn SIKMR -.87833.76209.263-2.4680.7114 SIKMR + Kitosan -.27667.76209.720-1.8664 1.3130 SIKMRn + Kitosan -.23500.76209.761-1.8247 1.3547 SIKMR + Kitosan SIKMR -.60167.76209.439-2.1914.9880 SIKMRn.27667.76209.720-1.3130 1.8664 SIKMRn + Kitosan.04167.76209.957-1.5480 1.6314 SIKMRn + Kitosan SIKMR -.64333.76209.409-2.2330.9464 SIKMRn.23500.76209.761-1.3547 1.8247 SIKMR + Kitosan -.04167.76209.957-1.6314 1.5480 ONEWAY Na BY Kelompok /STATISTICS DESCRIPTIVES HOMOGENEITY /MISSING ANALYSIS /POSTHOC=LSD ALPHA(0.05). Oneway Descriptives Na 95% Confidence Interval for N Std. Deviation Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound Minimum Maximum SIKMR 6 2.3800.33598.13716 2.0274 2.7326 2.05 2.87
SIKMRn 6 6.4883.28820.11766 6.1859 6.7908 6.14 6.86 SIKMR + Kitosan 6 4.2017.30189.12325 3.8849 4.5185 3.73 4.59 SIKMRn + Kitosan 6 7.2867.46809.19110 6.7954 7.7779 6.50 7.78 Total 24 5.0892 2.00016.40828 4.2446 5.9338 2.05 7.78 Test of Homogeneity of Variances Na Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig..653 3 20.591 ANOVA Na Sum of Squares df Square F Sig. Between Groups 89.483 3 29.828 235.709.000 Within Groups 2.531 20.127 Total 92.014 23 Post Hoc Tests Multiple Comparisons Na LSD 95% Confidence Interval (I) Kelompok (J) Kelompok Difference (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound SIKMR SIKMRn -4.10833 *.20538.000-4.5368-3.6799 SIKMR + Kitosan -1.82167 *.20538.000-2.2501-1.3932 SIKMRn + Kitosan -4.90667 *.20538.000-5.3351-4.4782 SIKMRn SIKMR 4.10833 *.20538.000 3.6799 4.5368
SIKMR + Kitosan 2.28667 *.20538.000 1.8582 2.7151 SIKMRn + Kitosan -.79833 *.20538.001-1.2268 -.3699 SIKMR + Kitosan SIKMR 1.82167 *.20538.000 1.3932 2.2501 SIKMRn -2.28667 *.20538.000-2.7151-1.8582 SIKMRn + Kitosan -3.08500 *.20538.000-3.5134-2.6566 SIKMRn + Kitosan SIKMR 4.90667 *.20538.000 4.4782 5.3351 SIKMRn.79833 *.20538.001.3699 1.2268 SIKMR + Kitosan 3.08500 *.20538.000 2.6566 3.5134 *. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level. ONEWAY Al BY Kelompok /STATISTICS DESCRIPTIVES HOMOGENEITY /MISSING ANALYSIS /POSTHOC=LSD ALPHA(0.05). Oneway Descriptives Al 95% Confidence Interval for N Std. Deviation Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound Minimum Maximum SIKMR 6 13.2350.37650.15370 12.8399 13.6301 12.78 13.80 SIKMRn 6 7.4300.28348.11573 7.1325 7.7275 7.03 7.66 SIKMR + Kitosan 6 10.8167.82111.33522 9.9550 11.6784 10.03 11.90 SIKMRn + Kitosan 6 4.5350.31930.13035 4.1999 4.8701 4.05 4.86 Total 24 9.0042 3.40595.69524 7.5660 10.4424 4.05 13.80 Test of Homogeneity of Variances Al Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig. 5.849 3 20.055
ANOVA Al Sum of Squares df Square F Sig. Between Groups 261.819 3 87.273 349.692.000 Within Groups 4.991 20.250 Total 266.811 23 Post Hoc Tests Multiple Comparisons Al LSD 95% Confidence Interval (I) Kelompok (J) Kelompok Difference (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound SIKMR SIKMRn 5.80500 *.28843.000 5.2034 6.4066 SIKMR + Kitosan 2.41833 *.28843.000 1.8167 3.0200 SIKMRn + Kitosan 8.70000 *.28843.000 8.0984 9.3016 SIKMRn SIKMR -5.80500 *.28843.000-6.4066-5.2034 SIKMR + Kitosan -3.38667 *.28843.000-3.9883-2.7850 SIKMRn + Kitosan 2.89500 *.28843.000 2.2934 3.4966 SIKMR + Kitosan SIKMR -2.41833 *.28843.000-3.0200-1.8167 SIKMRn 3.38667 *.28843.000 2.7850 3.9883 SIKMRn + Kitosan 6.28167 *.28843.000 5.6800 6.8833 SIKMRn + Kitosan SIKMR -8.70000 *.28843.000-9.3016-8.0984 SIKMRn -2.89500 *.28843.000-3.4966-2.2934 SIKMR + Kitosan -6.28167 *.28843.000-6.8833-5.6800 *. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level. ONEWAY Si BY Kelompok /STATISTICS DESCRIPTIVES HOMOGENEITY /MISSING ANALYSIS /POSTHOC=LSD ALPHA(0.05).
Oneway Descriptives Si 95% Confidence Interval for Std. N Deviation Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound Minimum Maximum SIKMR 6 5.2983.22400.09145 5.0633 5.5334 5.01 5.57 SIKMRn 6 7.5600.28298.11553 7.2630 7.8570 7.20 7.97 SIKMR + Kitosan 6 7.4533.32129.13117 7.1162 7.7905 7.09 7.94 SIKMRn + Kitosan 6 9.7000.24075.09829 9.4473 9.9527 9.33 9.98 Total 24 7.5029 1.60996.32863 6.8231 8.1827 5.01 9.98 Test of Homogeneity of Variances Si Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig..274 3 20.843 ANOVA Si Sum of Squares df Square F Sig. Between Groups 58.158 3 19.386 266.071.000 Within Groups 1.457 20.073 Total 59.616 23
Post Hoc Tests Multiple Comparisons Si LSD 95% Confidence Interval (I) Kelompok (J) Kelompok Difference (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound SIKMR SIKMRn -2.26167 *.15584.000-2.5867-1.9366 SIKMR + Kitosan -2.15500 *.15584.000-2.4801-1.8299 SIKMRn + Kitosan -4.40167 *.15584.000-4.7267-4.0766 SIKMRn SIKMR 2.26167 *.15584.000 1.9366 2.5867 SIKMR + Kitosan.10667.15584.502 -.2184.4317 SIKMRn + Kitosan -2.14000 *.15584.000-2.4651-1.8149 SIKMR + Kitosan SIKMR 2.15500 *.15584.000 1.8299 2.4801 SIKMRn -.10667.15584.502 -.4317.2184 SIKMRn + Kitosan -2.24667 *.15584.000-2.5717-1.9216 SIKMRn + Kitosan SIKMR 4.40167 *.15584.000 4.0766 4.7267 SIKMRn 2.14000 *.15584.000 1.8149 2.4651 SIKMR + Kitosan 2.24667 *.15584.000 1.9216 2.5717 *. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level. ONEWAY N BY Kelompok /STATISTICS DESCRIPTIVES HOMOGENEITY /MISSING ANALYSIS /POSTHOC=LSD ALPHA(0.05).
Oneway Descriptives N 95% Confidence Interval for Std. N Deviation Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound Minimum Maximum SIKMR 6 24.4017 3.14210 1.28276 21.1042 27.6991 21.88 30.18 SIKMRn 6 22.8800 3.05259 1.24621 19.6765 26.0835 20.30 27.50 SIKMR + Kitosan SIKMRn + Kitosan 6 22.0233 1.81696.74177 20.1165 23.9301 20.09 25.24 6 23.6583 2.30479.94093 21.2396 26.0771 21.70 27.05 Total 24 23.2408 2.61956.53472 22.1347 24.3470 20.09 30.18 Test of Homogeneity of Variances N Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig. 1.286 3 20.306 ANOVA N Sum of Squares df Square F Sig. Between Groups 18.806 3 6.269.902.458 Within Groups 139.022 20 6.951 Total 157.828 23
Post Hoc Tests Multiple Comparisons N LSD 95% Confidence Interval (I) Kelompok (J) Kelompok Difference (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound SIKMR SIKMRn 1.52167 1.52218.329-1.6535 4.6969 SIKMR + Kitosan 2.37833 1.52218.134 -.7969 5.5535 SIKMRn + Kitosan.74333 1.52218.631-2.4319 3.9185 SIKMRn SIKMR -1.52167 1.52218.329-4.6969 1.6535 SIKMR + Kitosan.85667 1.52218.580-2.3185 4.0319 SIKMRn + Kitosan -.77833 1.52218.615-3.9535 2.3969 SIKMR + Kitosan SIKMR -2.37833 1.52218.134-5.5535.7969 SIKMRn -.85667 1.52218.580-4.0319 2.3185 SIKMRn + Kitosan -1.63500 1.52218.296-4.8102 1.5402 SIKMRn + Kitosan SIKMR -.74333 1.52218.631-3.9185 2.4319 SIKMRn.77833 1.52218.615-2.3969 3.9535 SIKMR + Kitosan 1.63500 1.52218.296-1.5402 4.8102 ONEWAY P BY Kelompok /STATISTICS DESCRIPTIVES HOMOGENEITY /MISSING ANALYSIS /POSTHOC=LSD ALPHA(0.05). Oneway P Descriptives 95% Confidence Interval Std. Std. for N Deviation Error Lower Bound Upper Bound Minimum Maximum SIKMR 6 16.4867 2.01713.82349 14.3698 18.6035 13.35 18.85 SIKMRn 6 16.7233.69261.28276 15.9965 17.4502 15.52 17.25
SIKMR + Kitosan SIKMRn + Kitosan 6 18.0767 1.24069.50651 16.7746 19.3787 16.48 19.92 6 17.0517 1.07620.43936 15.9223 18.1811 15.74 18.93 Total 24 17.0846 1.39985.28574 16.4935 17.6757 13.35 19.92 Test of Homogeneity of Variances P Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig. 1.950 3 20.154 ANOVA P Sum of Squares df Square F Sig. Between Groups 8.840 3 2.947 1.627.215 Within Groups 36.230 20 1.812 Total 45.070 23 Post Hoc Tests Multiple Comparisons P LSD 95% Confidence Interval (I) Kelompok (J) Kelompok Difference (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound SIKMR SIKMRn -.23667.77707.764-1.8576 1.3843 SIKMR + Kitosan -1.59000.77707.054-3.2109.0309 SIKMRn + Kitosan -.56500.77707.476-2.1859 1.0559 SIKMRn SIKMR.23667.77707.764-1.3843 1.8576 SIKMR + Kitosan -1.35333.77707.097-2.9743.2676 SIKMRn + Kitosan -.32833.77707.677-1.9493 1.2926
SIKMR + Kitosan SIKMR 1.59000.77707.054 -.0309 3.2109 SIKMRn 1.35333.77707.097 -.2676 2.9743 SIKMRn + Kitosan 1.02500.77707.202 -.5959 2.6459 SIKMRn + Kitosan SIKMR.56500.77707.476-1.0559 2.1859 SIKMRn.32833.77707.677-1.2926 1.9493 SIKMR + Kitosan -1.02500.77707.202-2.6459.5959 ONEWAY Ca BY Kelompok /STATISTICS DESCRIPTIVES HOMOGENEITY /MISSING ANALYSIS /POSTHOC=LSD ALPHA(0.05). Oneway Ca Descriptives 95% Confidence Interval for Maxim N Std. Deviation Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound Minimum um SIKMR 6 5.6433.18554.07575 5.4486 5.8381 5.48 5.93 SIKMRn 6 7.1800.19839.08099 6.9718 7.3882 7.03 7.57 SIKMR + Kitosan 6 6.5083.37876.15463 6.1109 6.9058 6.01 6.89 SIKMRn + Kitosan 6 8.3450.57180.23343 7.7449 8.9451 7.31 8.95 Total 24 6.9192 1.06539.21747 6.4693 7.3690 5.48 8.95 Test of Homogeneity of Variances Ca Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig. 2.608 3 20.080
ANOVA Ca Sum of Squares df Square F Sig. Between Groups 23.385 3 7.795 57.297.000 Within Groups 2.721 20.136 Total 26.106 23 Post Hoc Tests Ca LSD Multiple Comparisons 95% Confidence Interval (I) Kelompok (J) Kelompok Difference (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound SIKMR SIKMRn -1.53667 *.21295.000-1.9809-1.0925 SIKMR + Kitosan -.86500 *.21295.001-1.3092 -.4208 SIKMRn + Kitosan -2.70167 *.21295.000-3.1459-2.2575 SIKMRn SIKMR 1.53667 *.21295.000 1.0925 1.9809 SIKMR + Kitosan.67167 *.21295.005.2275 1.1159 SIKMRn + Kitosan -1.16500 *.21295.000-1.6092 -.7208 SIKMR + Kitosan SIKMR.86500 *.21295.001.4208 1.3092 SIKMRn -.67167 *.21295.005-1.1159 -.2275 SIKMRn + Kitosan -1.83667 *.21295.000-2.2809-1.3925 SIKMRn + Kitosan SIKMR 2.70167 *.21295.000 2.2575 3.1459 SIKMRn 1.16500 *.21295.000.7208 1.6092 SIKMR + Kitosan 1.83667 *.21295.000 1.3925 2.2809 *. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.