DEWAN REDAKSI. Ketua Prof. Dr. Ir. Syamsulbahri, MS. Anggota. Penyunting Ahli. Penyunting Pelaksana

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2 DEWAN REDAKSI Ketua Prof. Dr. Ir. Syamsulbahri, MS Anggota Prof. Dr. Ir. Moch. Munir, M.S (Unibraw-2008) Prof. Drs. Sutiman B. Sumitro, S.U. D. Sc (Unibraw-2008) Prof. Dr. Ir. SM Sitompul. (Unibraw-2008) Prof. Dr. Ir. Luqman Hakim, M.S (Unibraw-2008) Prof. Dr. Ir. Rustidja, M.S (Unibraw-2008) Dr. Ir. Nasir Saleh (Balitkabi Deptan-2008) Penyunting Ahli Ir. Arifin Noor Sugiharto, M.Sc, PhD (Unibraw-2008) Ir. Didik Suprayogo, M.Sc, PhD (Unibraw-2008) Dr. Ir. Moch. Sahid (Balittas Deptan-2008) Brian O Flaherty (Ahli Bhs. lnggris-2008) Dra. Francien Herlen Tomasowa, Ph.D (Lab. Bhs. Unibraw-2008) Drs. Adiono, M.A., PhD (Lab. Bhs. Unibraw 2008) Penyunting Pelaksana Drs. Sofy Permana, MSc, DSc. (Unibraw-2008) AgustinaTri Endharti, S.Si., Ph.D (Unibraw-2008) Sekretariat Pujiono SH Alamat Redaksi/Penerbit Lembaga Penelitian Universitas Brawijaya Jalan Veteran, Malang Telp. (0341) ; psw. 301; Fak. (0341) Lemlitub@Brawijava.ac.id

3 Kultur Meristem Nilam (Pogostemon Cablin Benth) Retno Mastuti 1), Serafinah Indriyani 1), Siti Subandiyah 2), Sedyo Hartono 2), dan Aminatun Munawarti 1) Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 1) Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang Universitas Gajah Mada, Yogyakarta 2) Abstrak Diterima tanggal, 5 September 2005 Disetujui tanggal 29 Nopember 2006 Kultur meristem merupakan salah satu metode kultur jaringan yang banyak dilakukan untuk menghasilkan tanaman bebas virus. Dalam rangka 'Pembuatan antibodi poliklonal terhadap virus kuning untuk mendukung produksi bibit nilam {Pogostemon cablin) bebas virus' penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginduksi kultur meristem yang dikombinasikan dengan termoterapi (perendaman dalam air hangat) dan kemoterapi (penggunaan agen antivirus ribavirin) serta mencari metode aklimatisasi yang tepat untuk planlet nilam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tunas dan akar terbentuk pada eksplan meristem yang tidak mengalami perendaman dalam air hangat sebelum dikultur pada medium dasar MS dengan penambahan BAP 0.1 ppm dan NAA 0.4 ppm. Tetapi penggunaan ribavirin baik 20 maupun 40 ppm belum menunjukkan pengaruh yang berbeda pada respon pertumbuhan meristem nilam. Tingkat efektivitas perlakuan termoterapi dan kemoterapi dalam mengeliminasi virus nilam belum bisa diketahui. Dari uji aklimatisasi, planlet nilam mempunyai tingkat kesulitan yang rendah untuk beradaptasi karena tanaman yang mampu tumbuhan dan berkembang rata-rata mencapai lebih dari 70%. Kata kunci: kemoterapi, kultur meristem, nilam, ribavirin, termoterapi Meristem Culture Of Patchouli (Pogostemon Cablin Benth) Abstract Meristem culture of patchouli (pogostemon cablin benth). Meristem culture is one of tissue culture methods which is widely used to provide free virus plant. In the framework of producing polyclonal antibody on yellow virus to support production of virus free patchouli the objective of the researches are to induce meristem culture combined with thermotherapy (dipping in warm water) and chemotherapy (using ribavirin as antiviral agent) as well as to observe the suitable acclimatization method for patchouli planlet. Meristem-derived shoot and root were obtained from meristem explant without dipping in warm water before culture it in MS basal media supplemented with BAP 0.1 ppm and NAA 0.4 ppm. However, using ribavirin either 20 or 40 ppm has not shown different effect on growth response of patchouli meristem. The effectiveness level of thermotherapy and chemotherapy on patchouli virus elimination has not been detected. On the acclimatization stage, patchouli plantlet had low difficulty level to adapt since the plant which can grow and develop achieved more than 70% in average. Keywords: chemotherapy, meristem culture, patchouli, ribavirin, thermotherapy

4 DAFTAR PUSTAKA Akbar, S Nilam Tanaman Semak Banyak Manfaat. http : // www. Pikiran - rakyat. Com/ cetak/ 0204/ 08/ htm. Diakses tanggal 24 Februaripukul WIB Aroma Web Patchouli essential oil information. oil.co.2a/essential_oil / patchouli.htm. Diakses tanggal 28 Februari pukull5.00wib Asman,A.,N. Natsir,A.Nurawan, dand. Sitepu Penelitian Penyakit Nilam. Prosiding Kong. Nas. PFIXII. Yogyakarta 6-8 September. Hal De Clerk, E Antiviral agents characteristics activity spectrum depending on the molecular target with which they interact. Advances in virus research 42:1-39. Dunbar, K.B. dan R.N. Pittman Virus elimination from interspesific Archis hybrid. Plant Disease 77(5): Fletcher, P.J., J.D. Fletcher dan S.L. Lewthwaite, 1998 Fletcher, P.J., J.D. Fletcher dan S.L. Lewthwaite In vitro elimination of onion yellow dwarf and shallot viruses in shallots (Allium cepa van ascalonicum L.). New Zealand J. Crop Hort. Sci. 26: Hazaa, MM., Kh. A. El-Dougdoug dan Sabah Abo El-Maaty Eradication of Banana Viruses from Naturally Infected Banana Plants. Production of Certified Banana Plants and Virus Tested. Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 2(10): Klein, R.E. dan C.H. Livingston Eradication of Potato viruses X and S from potato shoot tip cultures with ribavirin. Phytopathology 73: Mansur, M. dan I.M. Tasma Plasma nutfah tanaman nilam. Dalam. Penelitian tanaman rempah dan obat. Edisi Khusus 111(1 ): Balai Penelitian Rempah dan Obat. Bogor. Mellor, F.C. dan R. Stace-Smith Virus-free potatoes by tissue culture. In : Applied and fundamental aspects of plant cell, tissue and organ cultures. Edit. J. Reinert and Y.RS. Bajaj, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp Mink, G.I., R. Wample dan W.E. Howell Heat treatment of perennial plants to eliminate phytoplasmas, viruses and viriods while maintaining plant survival. Dalam Plant virus disease control (Eds.) Hadidi A, Ketharpal RK and Koganezawa H Munawarti, A., R. Mastuti, S. Subandiyah, dan S. Hartono Pembuatan antibodi poliklonal terhadap virus kuning untuk mendukung produksi bibit nilam (Pogostemon cablin) bebas virus. Laporan Penelitian Hibah Pekerti II. Tidak dipublikasikan. Murashige, T. dan F. Skoog A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassay with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant. 15: Natsuaki, K.T., K. Tomaru, C.S. Cheng, dan K. Tanaka Two viruses isolated from patchouli plants. NODAI Res. Inst. Tokyo University of Agriculture. Tokyo. Japan. Nedji Patchouli/ Pogostemon cablin. http: // www. fzrm. Com/ herextrct/ calin % 20 patchouli % 20 hrb % 20. extract, htm. Diakses tanggal 17 Februaripukul WIB Nur Aeny, T Inventarisasi penyakit nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) di perkebunan Cireundeu, Kec. Nagrak, Kab. Sukabumi, Jawa Barat. 38 p. Parmessur, Y. dan A. Saumtally Elimination of sugarcane yellow leaf virus and sugarcane bacilliform virus by tissue culture. Mauritus Sugar Industry Research Institute.

5 Pujiharti, Y.,D. R. Mustikawati, Hayani, dan Hasanah Peningkatan produksi dan peluang pengembangan nilam di Lampung. Jurnal LitbangPertanian 19(1): Toussaint, A., J. Kummert, C. Maroquin,A. Lebrun dan J. Roggems Use ofvirazoleto eradicate Odontoglossum ringspot virus from in vitro cultures of Cymbidium sp. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 32: Wang P.J. dan A. Charles Micropropagation through meristem culture. In : Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, 17, High Tech and micropropagation I. Edit. Y.P.S. Bajaj, Springer- Verlag, Berlin, pp Warren, S The regeneration of plants from cultured cells and tissues. In A. Stafford and G. Warren (ed.). Plant Cell and Tissue Culture. John Wiley & Sons. Singapore, pp: Yuliani, A Inventarisasi penyakit-penyakit tanaman nilam di daerah tingkat II Banyumas, Jawa Tengah. Tesis. Fakultas Pertanian UGM. Yogyakarta.(Tidak dipublikasikan)