DAFTAR PUSTAKA. 3 Januari 2015). 2. Wiseman FK, Alford K a, Tybulewicz VLJ, Fisher EMC.

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1 52 DAFTAR PUSTAKA 1. National Down Syndrom Society. About Down Syndrom. Available from 3 Januari 2015). 2. Wiseman FK, Alford K a, Tybulewicz VLJ, Fisher EMC. Down Syndrome- -Recent Progress and Future Prospects. Hum Mol Genet h: doi: /hmg/ddp Sherman SL, Allen EG, Bean LH, Freeman SB. Epidemiology of Down Syndrome. 2007;227(July)h: doi: /mrdd. 4. Ghosh S, Hong C-S, Feingold E, et al. Epidemiology of Down syndrome: new insight into the multidimensional interactions among genetic and environmental risk factors in the oocyte. Am J Epidemiol h: doi: /aje/kwr Mohammed S, Harasi AL. Down Syndrome in Oman: Etiology, Prevalence and Potential Risk Factors. A Cytogenetic, Molecular Genetic and Epidemiological Study h: Quintana EM, Gonzales FR, Jil Jose MM, Munoz JA, Lago VN. Clinical Outcome in Down Syndrome Patients with Congenital Heart Disease h: Laksono Sony P, Qomariyah, Purwaningsih Endang. Persentase Distribusi Penyakit Genetik dan Penyakit yang Dapat Disebabkan oleh Faktor Genetik di RSUD Serang h:

2 53 8. Badang Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kementrian Kesehatan RI. Riset Kesehatan Dasar [internet].(diakses pada: 3 Januari 2015). 9. Bennetts LK, Flynn MC. Improving the Classroom Listening Skills of Children with Down syndrome by Using Sound- Fi eld Amplification h: Kawanto FH, Soejatmiko, Hendarto A. Factors Associated with Intelligence in Young Children with Down Syndrome. Paediatrica Indonesiana h: Stoel-Gammon C. Down Syndrome Phonology: Developmental Patterns and Intervention Strategies. Down Syndr Res Pract h: doi: /reviews Laws G, Bishop DVM. Verbal Deficits in Down s Syndrome and Specific Language Impairment: a Comparison. Int J Lang Commun Disord h: doi: / Kumin L, Ph D. Speech intelligibility and Childhood Verbal Apraxia in Children with Down Syndrome h: National Down Syndrome Society. Downs's Syndrome and Childhood Deafness. Available from: 15 Januari 2015). 15. Andrianti VB. Distribusi Kelainan Kromosom Sindrom Down dan Usia Ibu saat Melahirkan di SLB Negeri Semarang. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro Semarang h:1-12.

3 Citumorang Charina. Hubungan Sindroma Down dengan Umur Ibu, Pendidikan Ibu, Pendapatan Keluarga, dan Faktor Lingkungan h: Faradz SMH. Retardasi Mental Pendekatan Seluler dan Molekuler. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro Semarang h: Nikmah Maulin. Status Fungsional Anak Sindroma Down Usia 6-18 Tahun Menurut Modified WeeFIM Serta Faktor Faktor yang Berhubungan di Beberapa SLB C di Jakarta. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia h: Ministry of Health New Zealand. The Clinical Assessment and Management of Children, Young People and Adults with Down Syndrome Recommended Clinical Practice. Available from: 13 Februari 2013) 20. Maroonroge S, Emanuel DC, Letowski TR. Basic Anatomy of the Hearing System. doi: /e Federal Aviation Administration. Hearing and Noise in Aviation. :1-4. doi: /e Phillips Scott Anatomy and Physiology of the Ear. Lecture from: Prof Bilmes J. University of Washington Department of Electrical Engineering Alberti PW. The Anatomy and Physiology of the Ear and Hearing. University of Toronto. h: 1-11.

4 University of Texas Health Science Centre at San Antonio. LESSON FIVE : Anatomy of the Human Ear h: Swanepoel DW, Laurent C. Open Acces Guide to Audiology and Hearing Aids for Otolaryngologist.h: 1-4. Available from: entdev.uct.ac.za.[internet].(diakses: 12 Februari 2015). 26. Duthey B. Priority Medicine for Europe and the World "A Public Health Approach to Innovation Update on 2004 Background Paper Background Paper Hearing Loss Layton TL, Ph D, Drive M. Developmental Scale of Children with Down Syndrome Kent RD, Vorperian HK. Speech impairment in Down syndrome: a review h: doi: / (2012/ ). 29. Handayani F K, Soedjatmiko, Hendarto A. Factors associated with intelligence in young children with Down syndrome American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (2007). Scope of Practice in Speech-Language Pathology [Scope of Practice].[internet] Available from : pada : 3 Januari 2015). 31. Laws G, Hall A.Early Hearing Loss and Language Abillities In Children With Down Syndrome Laws G. Contributions of Phonological Memory, Language Comprehension and Hearing to the Expressive Language of Adolescents and Young Adults with Down Syndrome.2004.

5 Lampiran 1. Ethical Clearance 56

6 Lampiran 2. Surat Ijin Penelitian dan Peminjaman Data Rekam Medis 57

7 Lampiran 3. Surat Pernyataan Penelitian di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang 58

8 59 Lampiran 4. Data output SPSS Hasil Penelitian Jenis kelamin * DDST Crosstab Jenis kelamin Total Laki-laki Perempuan DDST Normal Delay ed Total % 73.1% 68.8% 9.4% 59.4% 68.8% % 26.9% 31.3% 9.4% 21.9% 31.3% % 100.0% 100.0% 18.8% 81.3% 100.0% Pearson Chi-Square Continuity Correction a Likelihood Ratio Fisher's Exact Test Linear-by-Linear Association N of Valid Cases Chi-Square Tests Asy mp. Sig. Value df (2-sided) b a. Computed only f or a 2x2 table Exact Sig. (2-sided) Exact Sig. (1-sided) b. 2 cells (50.0%) hav e expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is

9 60 BERA AD * DDST Crosstab BERA AD Total Normal Ringan Sedang Berat Sangat berat DDST Normal Delay ed Total % 30.8% 31.3% 6.3% 25.0% 31.3% % 42.3% 37.5% 3.1% 34.4% 37.5% % 11.5% 18.8% 9.4% 9.4% 18.8% % 11.5% 9.4%.0% 9.4% 9.4% % 3.8% 3.1%.0% 3.1% 3.1% % 100.0% 100.0% 18.8% 81.3% 100.0% Chi-Square Tests Pearson Chi-Square Likelihood Ratio Linear-by-Linear Association N of Valid Cases Asy mp. Sig. Value df (2-sided) a a. 8 cells (80.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is

10 61 BERA AS * DDST Crosstab BERA AS Total Normal Ringan Sedang Berat Sangat berat DDST Normal Delay ed Total % 26.9% 25.0% 3.1% 21.9% 25.0% % 38.5% 34.4% 3.1% 31.3% 34.4% % 15.4% 18.8% 6.3% 12.5% 18.8% % 15.4% 15.6% 3.1% 12.5% 15.6% % 3.8% 6.3% 3.1% 3.1% 6.3% % 100.0% 100.0% 18.8% 81.3% 100.0%

11 62 Pearson Chi-Square Likelihood Ratio Linear-by-Linear Association N of Valid Cases Chi-Square Tests Asy mp. Sig. Value df (2-sided) a a. 8 cells (80.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is NPar Tests Two-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test Frequencies BERA AD BERA AS DDST Normal Delay ed Total Normal Delay ed Total N Test Statistics a Most Extreme Dif f erences Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z Asy mp. Sig. (2-tailed) Absolute Positiv e Negativ e a. Grouping Variable: DDST BERA AD BERA AS

12 63 BERA * DDST Crosstab BERA Total Normal Ringan Sedang Berat Sangat berat DDST Normal Delay ed Total % 26.9% 25.0% 3.1% 21.9% 25.0% % 38.5% 34.4% 3.1% 31.3% 34.4% % 15.4% 18.8% 6.3% 12.5% 18.8% % 15.4% 15.6% 3.1% 12.5% 15.6% % 3.8% 6.3% 3.1% 3.1% 6.3% % 100.0% 100.0% 18.8% 81.3% 100.0%

13 64 Pearson Chi-Square Likelihood Ratio Linear-by-Linear Association N of Valid Cases Chi-Square Tests Asy mp. Sig. Value df (2-sided) a a. 8 cells (80.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is NPar Tests Two-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test Frequencies BERA DDST Normal Delay ed Total N Test Statistics a Most Extreme Dif f erences Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z Asy mp. Sig. (2-tailed) Absolute Positiv e Negativ e a. Grouping Variable: DDST BERA

14 65 Lampiran 5. Biodata Peneliti Identitas Nama : Arge Raviadi Muhammad NIM : Tempat, Tanggal Lahir : Klaten, 21 Oktober 1993 Jenis Kelamin Alamat : Laki laki : Jalan Kanguru Tengah 23 Semarang Nomor HP : raviadiarge@yahoo.com Riwayat Pendidikan Formal SD : SD Negeri Sompok Lulus : 2005 SMP : SMP Negeri 2 Semarang Lulus : 2008 SMA : SMA Negeri 3 Semarang Lulus : 2011 Kuliah : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro Masuk : 2011 Keanggotaan Organisasi Staff SENIOR HIMA KU 2011/2012 Ketua Bidang SENIOR HIMA KU 2012/2013

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