Dilarang mengutip dan memperbanyak tanpa izin tertulis dari penerbit, sebagian atau seluruhnya

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3 GUA HARIMAU DAN PERJALANAN PANJANG PERADABAN OKU Editor: Truman Simanjuntak Korektor: Andayani Desain sampul: Pram s Tata letak isi: Didi Penerbit: Gadjah Mada University Press Anggota IKAPI ISBN: B4E Redaksi: Telp./Fax.: (0274) Cetakan pertama: Hak Penerbitan 2015 Gadjah Mada University Press Dilarang mengutip dan memperbanyak tanpa izin tertulis dari penerbit, sebagian atau seluruhnya

4 KATA PENGANTAR Institut de Recherche pour le Développement highlights Perjalanan Panjang Peradaban OKU v

5 vi Perjalanan Panjang Peradaban OKU

6 DAFTAR ISI Phytolith Rock Art Perjalanan Panjang Peradaban OKU vii

7 PROLOG Perjalanan Panjang Peradaban OKU 1

8 Institut de Recherches pour le Développement handaxe cleaver Mode 2 Technology Mode 1 Technology 2 Perjalanan Panjang Peradaban OKU

9 ± Perjalanan Panjang Peradaban OKU 3

10 JEJAK BUDAYA PALEOMETALIK DAN KRONOLOGINYA DI GUA HARIMAU Abstract Since 2009 to 2013 several metal artifacts have been found during archaeological research took place at Harimau Cave site. These artifacts are varied on its form such as axes, bracelets, spatula, knife, and other leads us to relate its function with symbolic state, in the other words what we known as burial gifts. Other possibly functions are the aesthetic and practical function (as a tool). Radiocarbon dating applied directly on human remain from Individu 11 which is associated with bronze axes as its burial gifts resulting age ca ± 88 calbp or ca. 638 ± 88 BC. This date is presumably older than the estimated age of Dong Son culture diffusion to the archipelago, which is only a few centuries BC (Soejono, 1993). Hence, radiocarbon date and metal artifacts at Harimau Cave is very important for the reconstruction of the prehistoric period in Sumatra. The result of our research also potentially change our understanding about the age of Dong Son culture diffusion which is now showed relatively the same age between the mainland and the archipelago. 1. Pendahuluan marker Bronze-Iron Age undagi Bronze-Kettledrum Center for Prehistory and Austronesian Studies 138 Perjalanan Panjang Peradaban OKU

11 spit Tabel 6.4 Gambaran data temuan artefak logam di Gua Harimau No. No. Temuan Jenis Logam R R reworked database provenience Perjalanan Panjang Peradaban OKU 139

12 copper tin à-cire-perdue Gambar Perjalanan Panjang Peradaban OKU

13 Perjalanan Panjang Peradaban OKU 141

14 humerus Gambar Perjalanan Panjang Peradaban OKU

15 Gambar 6.29 molar maxillary Carbon : Nitrogen et al Perjalanan Panjang Peradaban OKU 143

16 undagi Tabel 6.5 Penanggalan radiokarbon Gua Harimau dengan konteks budaya Paleometalik 1 C14 Konvensional (BATAN) 2 AMS (Waikato, New Zealand) Bekal Kubur BP Umur Kalender Terkalibrasi (Masehi) + + Tabel 6.6 Hasil analisis isotop stabil 15 N dan 13 C Individu 11 Sample ID d 15 0 / 00 % N d 13 0 / 00 % Marine molar maxillary *presisi = + 0,2 0 / 00 Catatan: Seluruh nilai isotop diukur pada gelatin tulang. marker terrestrial protein 144 Perjalanan Panjang Peradaban OKU

17 undagi DAFTAR PUSTAKA Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian Archipelago Ancient Chinese and Southeast Asian Bronze Age Culture Dictionary of Artifacts Journal of Archaeological Science Kalumpang - Hunian Tepi Sungai Bercorak Neolitik-Paleometalik di Pedalaman Sulawesi Selatan Sejarah Nasional Indonesia. Vol. 1. Asian Perspectives Burials, Texts and Rituals: Ethnoarchaeological Investigations in North Bali, Indonesia The Bronze-Iron Age of Indonesia Perjalanan Panjang Peradaban OKU 145

18 Hasil Penanggalan Radiometri 14 C dan AMS* Gua Harimau Jenis Asal Kedalaman Z min Z max 14C years BP Hasil Analisis 14C Age Calibrated BP Calendric Age calad/calbc TUL I ± ± ± 30 BC TUL I ± ± ± 36 AD TUL I ± ± ± 23 AD TUL I ± ± ± 21 AD TUL I ± ± ± 64 BC TUL I ± ± ± 56 BC TUL I ± ± ± 9 BC TUL I ± ± ± 24 AD TUL I ± ± 28 1 ± 28 BC TUL I ± ± ± 84 BC SED K.S ± ± ± 31 BC SED K.S ± ± ± 101 BC SED K.S ± ± ± 126 BC SED K.S ± ± ± 49 BC SED K.S ± ± ± 60 BC SED K.S ± ± ± 48 BC SED K.S ± ± ± 93 BC SED K.S ± ± ± 247 BC SED K.J ± ± ± 50 BC SED K.S ± ± ± 428 BC SOIL K.S ± ± ± 134 BC GIG* I ± ± ± 88 BC ARA* ± ± ± 8 BC ARA* ± ± ± 44 BC TUL I ± ± ± 9 BC TUL I ± ± ± 63 BC ARA ± ± ± 18 AD ARA ± ± ± 24 AD ARA ± ± ± 92 BC SED K.D ± ± ± 96 BC SED K.E ± ± ± 65 BC SED K.E ± ± ± 336 BC SED K.E ± ± ± 94 BC SED K.F ± ± ± 117 BC SED K.F ± ± ± 42 BC SED K.F ± ± ± 31 BC TUL I ± ± ± 23 BC TUL I ± ± ± 5 BC 146 Perjalanan Panjang Peradaban OKU

19 Diagram hasil penanggalan sisa manusia Gua Harimau Gambar 6.30 Perjalanan Panjang Peradaban OKU 147

20 158 Perjalanan Panjang Peradaban OKU EPILOG full time phytolith

21 early modern human Perjalanan Panjang Peradaban OKU 159

22 160 Perjalanan Panjang Peradaban OKU

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