SOCIAL CLASSIFICATION REFLECTED IN ANNE BRONTE S AGNES GREY (1847): MARXIST THEORY Researh Paper Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education In English Department by: RISAL YANIARDI DARUSSALAM A320120194 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA 2016 i
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MOTTO Victory loves preparation. (Ruswadi) For indeed, with hardship (will be) easy. (QS Al-Insyiroh : 5-6) v
DEDICATION This research paper is lovingly dedicated for: Allah SWT, The Lord of everything My beloved mom and dad My dearest younger sister Aulia Rizky Ardiani All of my friends in English Department 2012 All of my friends everywhere, thank you for your helped, friendship, and everything. vi
ABSTRAK Risal Yaniardi Darussalam, A320120194, Social Classification Reflected in Anne Bronte s Agnes Grey (1847): Marxist Theory, Skripsi, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Oktober 2016. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan kelas sosial yang terjadi pada novel Agnes Grey (1847) karya Anne Bronte. Novel Agnes Grey (1847) dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan Marxist. Analisis diselesaikan dengan mengacu pada dua objek: pertama yaitu analisa yang berdasar elemen struktural, dan yang kedua yaitu analisa mengenai sosial klasifikasi dengan menggunakan pendekatan Marxist. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua sumber data. Yang pertama yaitu novel Agnes Grey (1847) karya Anne Bronte sebagai sumber utama. Sumber data kedua diambil dari buku, biografi penulis, jurnal, sumber internet yang berhubungan dengan penelitian. Dua jenis data diperoleh melalui perpustakaan yang dianalisa menggunakan analisa deskriptif. Berdasarkan penelitian tersebut, peneliti menyimpulkan beberapa kesimpulan. Pertama yaitu elemen struktural novel yang diperoleh melalui karakter dan karakterisasi, seting tempat dan waktu, plot, sudut pandang, dan tema yang terangkum menjadi satu sebagai cerita dalam novel. Kedua, yang berdasar pada pendekatan Marxist dalam materialisme dialektis, sejarah materialisme, perjuangan kelas, keterasingan, revolusi dan klasifikasi sosial yang tercermin pada karakter utama dalam novel Agnes Grey (1847) Kata kunci: sosial klasifikasi, elemen struktural novel, pendekatan Marxist vii
ABSTRACT Risal Yaniardi Darussalam, A320120194, Social Classification Reflected in Anne Bronte s Agnes Grey (1847): Marxist Theory, Research Paper, School of Teacher Training and Education. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, October 2016 This study is aimed to reveal the social classification in Agnes Grey (1847) novel by Anne Bronte. Agnes Grey (1847) novel is analyzed by using Marxist approach. The analysis is done by determining two objects: the first is analyzing the novel based on the structural elements, and the second is analyzing the problem of social classification by using Marxist approach. This research is a descriptive qualitative research. There are two types of data sources. The source of primary data is Anne Bronte s Agnes Grey (1847) novel. The secondary data sources are from books, biography of the author, journals, and internet sources related to the study. The two kinds of data collected through library research and analyzed with descriptive analysis. Based on the research, the researcher draws the following conclusions. The first, the structural element of the novel described the character and characterization, setting of place and time, plot, point of view, and theme. It shapes into one unity in a novel story. The second, based on Marxist approach in dialectical, historical, class struggle, alienation, revolution and the social discrimination was revealed with other descriptions of Marxist the major character reflected in Agnes Grey (1847) novel. Keywords: social classification, structural elements of novel, Marxist approach. viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Assalamu alaikum Wr. Wb Alhamdulillahhirabbil alamin. All praises belong to Allah SWT to His blessings given to me, so I can completed my research paper entitled SOCIAL CLASSIFICATION REFLECTED IN ANNE BRONTE S AGNES GREY (1847): MARXIST THEORY. Many people helped me in doing this research. I would like to give the deepest appreciation and gratitude to them in the following list: 1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M.Hum as the Dean of School of TeacHis Training and Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta for giving approval to carry out this research paper. 2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat S.Pd., M.Hum., Ph.D. as the Head of English Department Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. 3. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, S.Pd., M.Ed. as the consultant and the first examiner who has given the researchers inspiration, spirit, help, advice, guidance, suggestion, and correction during the arrangement of the research paper. 4. Dr. Anam Sutopo, S.Pd., M.Hum as the academic consultant who has given the researcher guidance during his study in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. 5. Drs. Siti Zuriah Ariatmi., M.Hum. as the lecturer who has given the researcher support and advice. 6. All lecturers of English Department, for guidance during the study in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. 7. My beloved parents, Bapak Ruswadi and Ibu Aris Handayani for their endless love, prayer, advice, patience, motivation, and also financial contribution given to his. What I have done is just for you. 8. My younger sister Aulia Rizky Ardiani, for his support, care, jokes, and for the many sweet things that have been shared. ix
9. My big family in Purwodadi and Sragen, my beloved grandfathers; eyang Almh Djasmo and eyang Almh Samangani, my beloved grandmothers; eyang putri Almh Sayem and eyang putri Sri Urip, uncles, aunts, nephew, niece, cousin, and others. 10. My friends Ajeng Sito Larasati, Farah Qanita, Mareta Rahayuning Tyas, Rifki Adhin, Intan, who has given help so much, so the researcher can finish this research paper. 11. My close friends Atik Choirun Nisa, Zahrul Anam, Ali Sofyan Susanto, Rifki Adhin Azhari, Agung Andrianto, Wisnu, Erfan Rejiansyah, Satria Nur Wijaya Kusuma. for the solidarity, care, support and a jokes that makes he always laugh. 12. My special thanks to Lilik Mei Tyas Siwi, for her care and support. 13. My Family in English Department, especially for DEECE 12, for all of the support, care, share, friendship, and many others things. 14. My senior, Mbak Isfi, thanks for help. 15. My close friends in Geng Rumpi, Diyah, Diaz, Aseh, Rezky. for support, pray, and share each others. 16. Crews of DECADE performants for our good cooperation. 17. My friends in Ria Putra Boarding House, thanks for the unforgettable fellowship. 18. Those who cannot be mentioned one by one toward their support to the researchers in completing this research paper. Thank you for unforgotten contribution during the research paper writing process. Wassalamu alaikum Warohmatullahi Wabarokaatuh. Surakarta, 6 October 2016 Risal Yaniardi Darussalam A320120194 x
TABLE OF CONTENT TITLE... APPROVAL... ACCEPTANCE... TESTIMONY... MOTTO... DEDICATION... ABSTRAK...... i ii iii iv v vi vii ABSTRACT viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT... TABLE OF CONTENT... ix xi CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION... 1 A. Background of the Study... 1 B. Literature Review... 5 C. Problem Statement... 8 D. Limitation of the Study... 8 E. Objective of the Study... 9 F. Benefit of the Study... 9 G. Research Method... 9 H. Research Organization... 11 CHAPTER II : UNDERLYING THEORY... 12 A. Notion of Marxist Theory... 12 B. Basic Concept of Marxist Theory... 13 xi
1. Dialectical Materialism. 13 2. Historical Materialism... 13 3. Class Struggle... 14 4. Alienation.. 14 5. Revolution. 14 C. The Notion of Social Classification... 15 D. Structural Element of the Novel.. 17 a. Character and Characterizations. 17 b. Setting 17 c. Plot. 17 d. Point of View.. 18 e. Theme. 19 E. Theoretical Application 19 CHAPTER III : SOCIAL BACKGROUND OF ENGLAND SOCIETY IN THE EARLY OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY 20 A. Social Aspect... 20 B. Political Aspect... 20 C. Economic Aspect... 21 D. Religious Aspect... 22 E. Science and Technology Aspect... 22 F. The Life of the Author. 23 CHAPTER IV : STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS... 26 A. Structural Element... 26 1. Character and Characterization. 26 2. Setting 43 3. Plot. 45 4. Point of Views... 48 5. Style 48 6. Theme 52 B. Discussion... 53 xii
CHAPTER V : MARXIST ANALYSIS... 58 A. Marxist Analysis... 58 1. Dialectical Materialism... 58 2. Historical Materialism... 63 3. Class Struggle... 66 4. Alienation... 69 B. Discussion... 71 CHAPTER VI : CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION... 72 A. Conclusion... 72 B. Suggestion... 73 C. Pedagogical Implication... 73 BIBLIOGRAPHY... 74 VIRTUAL REFERENCE... 77 xiii