CRITICISM OF SOCIAL INJUSTICE REFLECTED IN VICTOR HUGO S LES MISERABLES (1862): A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH

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1 CRITICISM OF SOCIAL INJUSTICE REFLECTED IN VICTOR HUGO S LES MISERABLES (1862): A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH RESEARCH PAPER Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education in English Department By: FEBRYA ISYANA ROS A DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION SCHOOL OF TEACHERTRAINING AND EDUCATION MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA 2017

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5 MOTTO The real reward of teaching science is like a reward for people who learned from him, and he still has an excess of it. Therefore, the study of science experts and teach to your brethren, as scholars have taught it to you. ( Unknown ) Stop waiting for things to happen go out and make them happen. ( Unknown ) It s not how good you are is how good you want to be. ( Unknown ) v

6 DEDICATION Proudly and wholeheartedly, the researcher would like to deciate this research paper to: 1. Allah SWT for the great blessing and the great prophet Muhammad SAW 2. My beloved parents ( Alm. Isman and Muttamimah ) who always pray, care, and support me 3. My beloved sister Dianty Elisiana who always care, support and motivation 4. My beloved brother Moh.Danang Aji P who always give motivation and support 5. My beloved sister and brother in law ( Dewi R and Muh. Yusuf I ) who always give me support, care and suggestion. 6. My friends ( Danty, Sella, Silmi, Rima, Nita, Yafi, Ayub, Cadika, Andhin, Hesti, Abdi, Nisa ) 7. All of my friends in 1000 guru Jogja 8. All of my friends in English Education 2011 The Reseaercher vi

7 ABSTRACT This study is about Criticism of Social Injustice Reflected in Victor Hugo s Les Miserables (1862) using Sociological Approach. The objectives of the study are to identify the characteristics of Social Injustice using Sociological Approach, to describe the causes of Social Injustice which is illustrated in Victor Hugo s Les Miserables, To describe the impact of Social Injustice towards the main character in the novel Les Miserables.This research uses qualitative research.the primary data of this research is Les Miserables by Viktor Hugo, while the secondary data of this research is other sources related to the study, such as: virtual sources and other printed materials that support this research. The researcher draws three conclusions in this research. First, social injustice is characterized by such qualities as Elitism is Efficient, Exclusion is Necessary, Prejudice is Natural, Greed is Good, and Despair is Inevitable.Second, the causes of social injustice are depicted mainly through the plot concluding that it happens because of Poverty, Crime and Criminal Injustice, the Changing Family, School and Education, Work and Economy, and Health and Healthy Care. Those make social injustice happen toward the society. Third, the effects of social injustice can be concluded namely:increased Poverty, Overcrowding, Famine, Species Loss, Weather Extreme, Acute and Chronic Medical Illness, and War and Human Right Abuses. Keywords: Social Injustice, Les Miserable, Sociology of literature. vii

8 ABSTRAK Studi ini adalah tentang Criticism of Social Injustice Reflected in Victor Hugo s Les Miserables ( 1862 ) yang menggunakan pendekatan Sosiologis. Tujuan studi ini adlaah untuk mengidentifikasikan karakter - karakter ketidakadilan, untuk mendeskripsikan sebab sebab mengapa terjadi ketidakadilan social dan mendeskripsikan dampak dampak dari ketidakadilan social yang digambarkan dalam novel Les Miserables berdasarkan pendekatan Sociological. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian kualitatif. Data primer dari penelitian ini adalah novel karya Viktor Hugoyang diterbitkan pada tahun 1862, sementara data sekunder dari penelitian ini adalah sumber lain yang terkait dalam studi ini, seperti: referensi-referensi online,dan beberapa buku yang mendukung penelitian ini. Peneliti menarik tiga kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini. Pertama, ketidakdilan social dikarakterisasikan oleh sifat sifat seperti elitism yang efisien, pengeluaran yang tidak diperlukan, prasangka adalah alamiah, ketamakan dianggap baik, keputusasaan yang tidak terelakakan. Kedua, sebab sebab ketidakadilan digambarkan terutaman melalu plot yang mengkonklusikan bahwa hal tersebut terjadi karena kemiskinan, ketidakadilan dalam criminal, keluarga yang berubah, sekolah dan pendidikan, pekerjaan dan ekonomi, kesehatan dan layanan kesehatan. Semua itu membuat ketidakadilan terjadi terhadap masyarakat. Ketiga, beberapa dampak ketidakadilan dapat disimpulakn yakni: kemiskinan yang meningkat, kepadatan yang berlebihan, kelaparan, kerugian mata uang, cuaca yang ekstrem, penyakit kronis and akut, perang dan penyalahgunaan hak manusia. Kata Kunci: KetidakadilanSosial, Les Miserable, Sociology of literature. viii

9 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Assalamu alaikum Wr. Wb Alhamdulillahhirabbil alamin. All praises belong to Allah SWT to His blessings given to the researcher, so she can completed her research paper entitled CRITICISM OF SOCIAL INJUSTICE REFLECTED IN VICTOR HUGO S LES MISERABLES ( 1862 ): A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH. Many people helped the researcher in doing this research. The researcher would like to give the deepest appreciation and gratitude to them in the following list: 1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M.Hum., the Dean of School of Teacher Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. 2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph.D., the Chief of Department of English Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. 3. Dr. M. Thoyibi. M.S., the first consultant who has supported and gave the researcher guidance patiently to do this research by giving the best advice and suggestions, so the researcher can enrich her knowledge about literature. 4. Dewi Candraningrum, S.Pd., M.Ed., Phil. Dr., the second examiner who has patiently corrected the researcher s paper and given her many advice. 5. Yeni Prastiwi, S.Pd., M.Hum.,Ph.D., the third examiner who has given her suggestion and careful correction to improve the quality of the research paper. 6. Siti Fatimah, S.Pd., M.Hum., the academic consultant who has given guidance to the researcher during her study in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. 7. All lectures of Department of English Education who have become such great educators and for giving precious knowledge to the researcher. 8. Her beloved late father, Mr. Isman who eventhough is not in this world anymore, his love is always in the researcher s heart. 9. Her beloved mother, Mrs. Muttamimah, that loves, motivates and supports the researcher as always. Without her, all is nothing. 10. Her beloved sister, Dianty Elisiana, who always gives a lot of advices and support in difficult situation. ix

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11 TABLE OF CONTENT TITLE... TESTIMONY... APPROVAL... ACCEPTANCE... MOTTO... DEDICATION... ABSTRACT... ABSTRAK... ACKNOWLEDGEMENT... TABLE OF CONTENT... CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION... A. Background of the Study... B. Problem Statement... C. Limitation of the Study... D. Objectives of the Study... E. Benefit of the Study... F. Research Paper Organization... CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW... A. Underlying Theory Notion of the Social Injustice 2. The Characteristics of Social Injustice 3. The Causes of Social Injustice 4. The Effects of Social Injustice.. 5. Sociology of Literature.. 6. The Types of Sociology of Literature.... a. The Sociology of the Writer.. b. The Sociology of the Society.... c. The Sociology of the Reading... i ii iii iv v vi vii viii ix xi xi

12 B. Previous Study.... C. Novelty CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD... A. Type of the Study... B. Object of the Study... C. Type of the Data and the Data Source 1. Primary Data Source 2. Secondary Data Source D. Technique of the Data Collection... E. Technique of the Data Analysis... CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION... A. The Main Findings The Characteristics of Social Injustice 2. The Causes of Social Injustice The Effects of Social Injustice 4. The Reasons of Victor Hugo B. Discussion... CHAPTER V CONCLUSION... A. Conclusion... B. Suggestion... C. Pedagogical Implication... BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDIX xii