1. KURVA STANDAR ASAM ASKORBAT

LAMPIRAN Lampiran 1. KURVA STANDAR ASAM ASKORBAT Konsentrasi asam askorbat (ppm) 8 16 20 24 32 40 Absorbansi 1 0,5017 0,3582 0,2925 0,2158 0,0861 0,0133 Absorbansi 2 0,5514 0,3682 0,2993 0,2308 0,0798 0,0182 Absorbansi 3 0,5159 0,3842 0,3185 0,2467 0,1199 0,0221 0.6 0.5 y = -0.016x + 0.6307 R 2 = 0.9815 0.4 absorbansi 0.3 0.2 0.1 0-0.1 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 konsentrasi asam askorbat Berdasarkan hasil pembuatan kurva standar untuk analisa asam askorbat, diperoleh persamaan sebagai berikut: y = -0,016x +0,6307 dengan R 2 = 0,9815 Keterangan : y = nilai absorbansi x = konsentrasi asam askorbat 48

Lampiran 2. KURVA STANDAR TOTAL FENOL Absorbansi 1 Absorbansi 2 Absorbansi 3 Konsentrasi quercetin (ppm) 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 0,0875 0,2574 0,4530 0,4949 0,6561 0,6946 0,8031 0,9111 1,0314 0,1501 0,2612 0,3856 0,4930 0,6531 0,7158 0,8203 0,9248 1,0640 0,0930 0,2850 0,3861 0,4847 0,6514 0,7205 0,8206 0,9315 1,0441 1.2 1 kurva standar total fenol y = 0.0112x + 0.041 R 2 = 0.9892 absorbansi 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Konsentrasi quercetin (ppm) Berdasarkan hasil pembuatan kurva standar untuk analisa total fenol, diperoleh persamaan sebagai berikut: y = 0,0112x + 0,041 dengan R 2 = 0,9892 Keterangan : y = nilai absorbansi x = konsentrasi quercetin 49

Lampiran 3. HASIL OBSERVASI METODE PEMASAKAN PADA 5 RUMAH MAKAN Tgl Nama Jns Pemasakan Jns Sayur Jumlah Jumlah Jumlah Proses Pemasakan Rumah Makan Sayur Air Minyak 09-10-09 Agathis, Perebusan Kol putih 55 g 250 ml Sayur dimasukkan ke air mendidih Plamongan Indah - Cap Cay kuah Kembang kol 80 g (±100 o C) dan dimasak selama 4 menit Sawi hijau 50 g 44 detik 16-10-09 Steamboat Perebusan Sawi putih 100 g 500 ml Sayur dimasukkan ke dalam air House, DP Mall - steamboat Kembang kol 30 g mendidih (98 o C) dan direbus selama Sawi sendok 30 g 2-3 menit 17-10-09 Kelapa Gading, Penumisan Kailan ±50-60 g/ ±100 ml ± 50 ml sebelum ditumis, Kailan direbus ± 3 Jl. Gajah Mada - Ca aneka sayur Sawi putih jenis sayur menit dalam ± 220 ml air mendidih. Kembang kol Sawi hijau Selanjutnya, seluruh sayuran ditumis selama 53 detik (suhu produk: 88 o C) Perebusan - Cap cay kuah Kembang kol Sawi putih Sawi hijau Kol ± 40 g/ jenis sayur ±440 ml Sayuran dimasukkan ke dalam air mendidih (±100 o C) dan dimasak selama 2 menit (suhu produk: 91 o C) 28-11-09 Ratna Berkah, Gombel 11-12-09 Mitra Keluarga, Bukit Sari Penumisan - ca sawi sendok Penumisan - ca brokoli Penumisan - ca sawi sendok Brokoli Sawi sendok 220 g ±180 ml ± 25 ml Sayuran dimasukkan ke dalam minyak panas, lalu ditumis selama ± 1,5-2 menit (suhu produk: 83,3 0 C) Brokoli + sayuran lain (jamur, wortel, kapri) ± 130 g hingga ± 200 g sawi sendok ± 160 g ±430 ml (untuk merebus) ±180 ml ± 25 ml Sayuran dimasukkan ke dalam minyak panas, kemudian ditumis selama ± 1,5-2 menit (suhu produk: 82,1 0 C) ±15 ml Mula-mula sawi sendok direbus dalam air mendidih selama 30 detik; Kemudian baru ditumis selama 45 detik (suhu produk: 75 0 C) 50

Lampiran 4. HASIL UJI HARDNESS BEBERAPA SAYURAN BRASSICA Hardness Sawi sendok (gf) Hardness Brokoli (gf) Hardness Sawi Hijau (gf) Hardness Kol (gf) Hardness Sawi Putih (gf) Perlakuan Rebus 2 menit Kukus 2 menit Kukus 3 menit Kukus 4 menit 2153,04 ± 2323,79 ± 2481,81 ± 2320,71± 202,74 a 549,96 a 251,41 a 361,89 a 3625,23 ± 4712, 89 ± 4270,03 ± 4798,02 ± 632,93 a 845, 63 b 1349,71 ab 1070,88 b 1472, 41 ± 1266,30 ± 1458,23 ± 2454,27 ± 661,52 a 498,11 a 570,84 a 572,12 b 2236,09 ± 3593,30 ± 2758,88 ± 3570,24 ± 1780,87 a 1559,35 a 1128,92 a 871,97 a 1789,28 ± 2160,57 ± 2210,46 ± 2308,77 ± 464,95 a 325,67 b 444,56 b 163,57 b Semua nilai merupakan mean ± standar deviasi Nilai dengan superscript yang berbeda antar kolom menunjukkan adanya perbedaan nyata antar perlakuan (p 0,05) dengan menggunakan uji wilayah 51

LAMPIRAN 5. ANALISA VARIANSI ONE-WAY TERHADAP HARDNESS BEBERAPA SAYURAN BRASSICA ANOVA Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Sawi sendok Between Groups 486662.628 3 162220.876 1.207.323 Within Groups 4301838.816 32 134432.463 Total 4788501.444 35 brokoli Between Groups 7776844.782 3 2592281.594 2.539.074 Within Groups 32673611.428 32 1021050.357 Total 40450456.210 35 Sawi hijau Between Groups 7755556.428 3 2585185.476 7.723.001 Within Groups 10711239.567 32 334726.236 Total 18466795.996 35 Kol Between Groups 11813405.553 3 3937801.851 2.062.125 Within Groups 61102770.738 32 1909461.586 Total 72916176.291 35 Sawi putih Between Groups 1393259.237 3 464419.746 3.398.030 Within Groups 4372997.125 32 136656.160 Total 5766256.362 35 Sawi sendok Perlakuan N Subset for alpha =.05 1 rebus 2 menit 9 2153.037504 kukus 4 menit 9 2320.709569 kukus 2 menit 9 2323.790351 kukus 3 menit 9 2481.809724 Sig..090 a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 9.000. brokoli Perlakuan N 1 2 rebus 2 menit 9 3625.224777 kukus 3 menit 9 4270.028139 4270.028139 kukus 2 menit 9 4712.892181 kukus 4 menit 9 4798.015619 Sig..185.304 a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 9.000. 52

53 Perlakuan N sawi hijau kukus 2 menit 9 1266.301864 kukus 3 menit 9 1458.232525 rebus 2 menit 9 1472.409679 1 2 kukus 4 menit 9 2454.267873 Sig..483 1.000 a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 9.000. kol Perlakuan N Subset for alpha =.05 1 rebus 2 menit 9 2236.086059 kukus 3 menit 9 2758.875863 kukus 4 menit 9 3570.236999 kukus 2 menit 9 3593.300551 Sig..064 a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 9.000. sawi putih Perlakuan N 1 2 rebus 2 menit 9 1789.280786 kukus 2 menit 9 2160.570167 kukus 3 menit 9 2210.459620 kukus 4 menit 9 2308.765295 Sig. 1.000.430 a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 9.000.

LAMPIRAN 6. ANALISA NORMALITAS DATA PENGUJIAN KOMPONEN KIMIAWI SAWI PUTIH DAN SAWI SENDOK Tests of Normality Perlakuan Kolmogorov-Smirnov(a) Statistic df Sig. AO sawi sendok Segar.214 6.200(*) Rebus.243 6.200(*) Kukus.316 6.062 Tumis.199 6.200(*) Askorbat sawi sendok Segar.303 6.091 Rebus.225 6.200(*) Kukus.156 6.200(*) Tumis.242 6.200(*) Fenol sawi sendok segar.246 6.200(*) rebus.289 6.129 kukus.219 6.200(*) tumis.175 6.200(*) Kadar air sawi sendok Segar.109 18.200(*) Rebus.125 18.200(*) Kukus.199 18.058 Tumis.138 18.200(*) AO sawi putih Segar.273 6.184 Rebus.151 6.200(*) Kukus.204 6.200(*) Tumis.266 6.200(*) Askorbat sawi putih Segar.187 6.200(*) Rebus.284 6.142 Kukus.277 6.169 Tumis.224 6.200(*) Fenol sawi putih Segar.298 6.105 Rebus.312 6.069 Kukus.293 6.116 Tumis.299 6.101 Kadar air sawi putih Segar.197 18.063 Rebus.144 18.200(*) * This is a lower bound of the true significance. a Lilliefors Significance Correction Kukus.196 18.067 Tumis.121 18.200(*) 54

LAMPIRAN 7. ANALISA VARIANSI ONE-WAY DATA PENGUJIAN KOMPONEN KIMIAWI PADA SAWI SENDOK ANOVA Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. AO sawi sendok Between Groups 2417.875 3 805.958 54.941.000 Within Groups 293.392 20 14.670 Total 2711.267 23 Askorbat sawi sendok Between Groups 60.880 3 20.293 12.270.000 Within Groups 33.078 20 1.654 Total 93.958 23 Fenol sawi sendok Between Groups 1302380.201 3 434126.734 46.874.000 Within Groups 185232.883 20 9261.644 Total 1487613.084 23 kdr_air_sawi_sendok Between Groups 1501.145 3 500.382 901.196.000 Within Groups 37.756 68.555 Total 1538.902 71 Post Hoc Tests Homogeneous Subsets AO sawi sendok Perlakuan N 1 2 3 segar 6 31.6219 rebus 6 38.9802 tumis 6 52.4310 kukus 6 56.5152 Sig. 1.000 1.000.080 a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 6.000. askorbat sawi sendok Perlakuan N 1 2 segar 6 26.1642 tumis 6 29.4733 rebus 6 29.9342 kukus 6 30.0242 Sig. 1.000.492 a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 6.000. fenol sawi sendok 55

56 Perlakuan N 1 2 3 rebus 6 881.6042 tumis 6 1252.7232 kukus 6 1312.5030 segar 6 1528.5417 Sig. 1.000.295 1.000 a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 6.000. kdr air sawi sendok perlakuan N 1 2 3 tumis 18 83.9365 segar 18 94.2049 kukus 18 94.3496 rebus 18 94.8469 Sig. 1.000.562 1.000 a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 18.000.

LAMPIRAN 8. ANALISA VARIANSI ONE-WAY DATA PENGUJIAN KOMPONEN KIMIAWI PADA SAWI PUTIH ANOVA Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. AO sawi putih Between Groups 96.561 3 32.187 6.213.004 Within Groups 103.613 20 5.181 Total 200.174 23 Askorbat sawi putih Between Groups 205.292 3 68.431 11.129.000 Within Groups 122.982 20 6.149 Total 328.273 23 Fenol sawi putih Between Groups 66168.042 3 22056.014 2.225.117 Within Groups 198229.150 20 9911.458 Total 264397.192 23 Kdr air sawi putih Between Groups 1496.528 3 498.843 2278.149.000 Within Groups 14.890 68.219 Total 1511.418 71 Post Hoc Tests Homogeneous Subsets AO sawi putih Perlakuan N 1 2 rebus 6 17.6949 segar 6 18.1468 kukus 6 21.5112 tumis 6 22.2583 Sig..735.576 a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 6.000. askorbat sawi putih Perlakuan N 1 2 3 segar 6 16.2217 rebus 6 18.6192 18.6192 tumis 6 21.4725 21.4725 kukus 6 23.9858 Sig..110.060.094 a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 6.000. 57

58 fenol sawi putih Perlakuan N 1 2 rebus 6 262.3631 tumis 6 330.1309 330.1309 segar 6 372.9524 372.9524 kukus 6 401.8929 Sig..082.251 a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 6.000. kdr air sawi putih perlakuan N 1 2 3 tumis 18 86.0464 kukus 18 96.3846 segar 18 96.4063 rebus 18 96.9020 Sig. 1.000.890 1.000 a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 18.000.

LAMPIRAN 9. ANALISA KORELASI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN, ASAM ASKORBAT, DAN TOTAL FENOL PADA SAWI SENDOK Sawi sendok Segar Correlations AO sendok segar Askorbat sendok segar Fenol sendok segar AO sendok segar Pearson Correlation 1.532 -.636 Sig. (2-tailed).278.174 Askorbat sendok segar Pearson Correlation.532 1 -.919(**) Sig. (2-tailed).278.009 Fenol sendok segar Pearson Correlation -.636 -.919(**) 1 Sig. (2-tailed).174.009 ** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed). Sawi sendok rebus Correlations AO sendok rebus Askorbat sendok rebus Fenol sendok rebus AO sendok rebus Pearson Correlation 1 -.204 -.345 Sig. (2-tailed).698.503 Askorbat sendok rebus Pearson Correlation -.204 1.844(*) Sig. (2-tailed).698.034 Fenol sendok rebus Pearson Correlation -.345.844(*) 1 Sig. (2-tailed).503.034 * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed). Sawi sendok kukus Correlations AO sendok kukus Askorbat sendok kukus Fenol sendok kukus AO sendok kukus Pearson Correlation 1.113.175 Sig. (2-tailed).831.740 Askorbat sendok kukus Pearson Correlation.113 1 -.814(*) Sig. (2-tailed).831.049 Fenol sendok kukus Pearson Correlation.175 -.814(*) 1 Sig. (2-tailed).740.049 * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed). 59

60 Sawi sendok tumis Correlations AO sendok tumis Askorbat sendok tumis Fenol sendok tumis AO sendok tumis Pearson Correlation 1 -.132 -.046 Sig. (2-tailed).804.931 Askorbat sendok tumis Pearson Correlation -.132 1 -.443 Sig. (2-tailed).804.379 Fenol sendok tumis Pearson Correlation -.046 -.443 1 Sig. (2-tailed).931.379

LAMPIRAN 10. ANALISA KORELASI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN, ASAM ASKORBAT, DAN TOTAL FENOL PADA SAWI PUTIH Sawi putih Segar Correlations AO putih segar Askorbat putih segar Fenol putih segar AO putih segar Pearson Correlation 1 -.335.101 Sig. (2-tailed).516.849 Askorbat putih segar Pearson Correlation -.335 1 -.494 Sig. (2-tailed).516.319 Fenol putih segar Pearson Correlation.101 -.494 1 Sig. (2-tailed).849.319 Sawi putih rebus Correlations AO putih rebus Askorbat putih rebus Fenol putih rebus AO putih rebus Pearson Correlation 1 -.653.590 Sig. (2-tailed).160.218 Askorbat putih rebus Pearson Correlation -.653 1 -.987(**) Sig. (2-tailed).160.000 Fenol putih rebus Pearson Correlation.590 -.987(**) 1 Sig. (2-tailed).218.000 ** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed). Sawi putih kukus Correlations AO putih kukus Askorbat putih kukus Fenol putih kukus AO putih kukus Pearson Correlation 1 -.853(*).883(*) Sig. (2-tailed).031.020 Askorbat putih kukus Pearson Correlation -.853(*) 1 -.986(**) Sig. (2-tailed).031.000 Fenol putih kukus Pearson Correlation.883(*) -.986(**) 1 Sig. (2-tailed).020.000 * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed). ** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed). 61

62 Sawi putih tumis Correlations AO putih tumis Askorbat putih tumis Fenol putih tumis AO putih tumis Pearson Correlation 1 -.956(**).959(**) Sig. (2-tailed).003.003 Askorbat putih tumis Pearson Correlation -.956(**) 1 -.872(*) Sig. (2-tailed).003.023 Fenol putih tumis Pearson Correlation.959(**) -.872(*) 1 Sig. (2-tailed).003.023 ** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed). * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).

LAMPIRAN 11. ANALISA INDEPENDENT-SAMPLE T TEST PADA SAWI PUTIH DAN SAWI SENDOK t Independent Samples Test df Sig. (2- tailed) t-test for Equality of Means Mean Difference Std. Error Difference 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference Lower Upper AO sgr Eq var ass 6.119 10.000 13.47333 2.20188 8.56723 18.37944 Eq var not ass 6.119 9.578.000 13.47333 2.20188 8.53774 18.40893 AO rbs Eq var ass 18.597 10.000 21.28500 1.14453 18.73482 23.83518 Eq var not ass 18.597 6.864.000 21.28500 1.14453 18.56771 24.00229 AO kks Eq var ass 21.132 10.000 35.00333 1.65639 31.31266 38.69401 Eq var not ass 21.132 9.265.000 35.00333 1.65639 31.27259 38.73408 AO tms Eq var ass 14.507 10.000 30.17333 2.07987 25.53908 34.80758 Eq var not ass 14.507 5.842.000 30.17333 2.07987 25.05044 35.29623 Ask sgr Eq var ass 9.170 10.000 9.94333 1.08430 7.52737 12.35930 Eq var not ass 9.170 5.876.000 9.94333 1.08430 7.27656 12.61011 Ask rbs Eq var ass 16.618 10.000 11.31333.68080 9.79643 12.83024 Eq var not ass 16.618 5.143.000 11.31333.68080 9.57782 13.04885 Ask kks Eq var ass 4.318 10.002 6.03667 1.39804 2.92164 9.15169 Eq var not ass 4.318 5.045.007 6.03667 1.39804 2.45254 9.62079 Ask tms Eq var ass 6.312 10.000 7.99833 1.26715 5.17495 10.82171 Eq var not ass 6.312 5.038.001 7.99833 1.26715 4.74845 11.24822 Fnol sgr Eq var ass 14.171 10.000 1155.58928 81.54402 973.89789 1337.28068 Eq var not ass 14.171 8.322.000 1155.58928 81.54402 968.80773 1342.37083 Fnol rbs Eq var ass 18.670 10.000 619.24105 33.16853 545.33696 693.14514 Eq var not ass 18.670 8.692.000 619.24105 33.16853 543.80174 694.68036 Fnol kks Eq var ass 15.796 10.000 910.61012 57.64965 782.15870 1039.06153 Eq var not ass 15.796 8.373.000 910.61012 57.64965 778.69345 1042.52678 Fnol tms Eq var ass 22.317 10.000 922.59228 41.34015 830.48069 1014.70388 Eq var not ass 22.317 5.560.000 922.59228 41.34015 819.46475 1025.71982 Air sgr Eq var ass -10.508 34.000-2.20142.20950-2.62718-1.77566 Eq var not ass -10.508 22.031.000-2.20142.20950-2.63587-1.76698 Air rbs Eq var ass -15.711 34.000-2.05504.13081-2.32087-1.78922 Eq var not ass -15.711 23.755.000-2.05504.13081-2.32516-1.78493 Air kks Eq var ass -21.328 34.000-2.03618.09547-2.23019-1.84216 Eq var not ass -21.328 33.829.000-2.03618.09547-2.23023-1.84213 Air tms Eq var ass -6.610 34.000-2.10991.31921-2.75863-1.46118 Eq var not ass -6.610 31.200.000-2.10991.31921-2.76078-1.45903 63

LAMPIRAN 12. PROSES PEMASAKAN SAWI PUTIH DAN SAWI SENDOK PEREBUSAN Sawi sendok Sawi putih PENGUKUSAN Sawi sendok Sawi putih PENUMISAN Sawi sendok Sawi putih 64