SidangTugasAkhir Pompa dengan Motor NEWMAN Electric Motor 18030V1/5 1,5 hp; 2850 RPM
Sumber: http://www.metropolitanind.com Sumber: http://www.metropolitanind.com Berperan dalam berbagai sektor industri Parameter penting dalam pemilihan pompa 20% kebutuhan listrik dunia 25% - 50% penggunaan energi operasi industri (US DOE, 2004). Sumber: http://discoverarmfield.com
Reaktivasi Modul Kerja Alat Penambahan Fasilitas Pemahaman mahasiswa
Fasilitas analisa perpipaan minim Analisa performa, meliputi: Usia alat sudah tua, perawatan minim Head,efisiensi kerja pompa Head loss perpipaan Karakteristik kerja sistem
Mengevaluasi performansi dari sistem Mengevaluasi efisiensi dari kinerja pompa Penambahan fasilitas praktikum di laboratorium Menghasilkan modul praktikum
f e/d η f-re
γ + V 2 1 2g + z 1 + H p = p 2 γ + V 2 2 2g + z 2 + H lt p 1 H lt = H L + H m H L = f L D V 2 2g H m = K V2 2g ; H m = f L e D V 2 2g
Haaland eq. - Laminar flow: Moody Diagram f = 64 Re Darcy Weisbach eq. - Turbulen flow: 1 f = 1, 8log 10 e D 3, 7 1,11 + 6, 9 Re Fox, et al, 2003
Fox, et al, 2003 H e a d l o s s s u d d e n e n l a r g e m e n t : 2 V u.s h ls = k ls 2g H e a d l o s s s u d d e n c o n t r a c t i o n : 2 V d.s h lc = k lc 2g H e a d l o s s e l b o w : 2 V u.s h le = k le 2g Fitting Standard Tee Thru flow 3/4 in 3/2 in Thru branch 3/4 in 3/2 in K L 0.50 0.42 1.50 1.26 Gate valve, fully open 0.2 3/4 open 1.0 1/2 open 5.6 1/4 open 17.0 Standard Elbow 90 o 0.75 Elbow, 45 o 0.34 0.4 Long radius elbow, 90 o 0.34 0.4 Short radius elbow, 90 o 0.8 Close return bend, 180 o 1.25 Rotary meter 10 Westaway dan Loomis, 1984 Disk or Woble Meter 3.4 10
C d = Q A 1 1 β 4 p ρ 1 h v = 10% p v ρg
I II III IV : PVC Pipe D = 3 2 in ; L = 3 m : PVC Pipe D = 3 4 in ; L = 3 m : Pipe with reducer pipe Acrylic pipe D = 1 2 in ; L = 3 m (substitute) : Fitting and restriction flow meter long radius elbow 90 o, short radius elbow 90 o,elbow 45 o, venturimeter, pipa sudden contraction dan pipa sudden enlargement.
Sumber: http://www.hampden.com
f-re p = SG Hg ρ g h f = 2 D L. p ρv 2 D = 3 2 in; D = 3 4 in; D = 1 2
K L -Re/C d - Re p = SG Hg ρ g h H m = K L V 2 2g ; H m = f L e D V 2 2g C d = Q 1 β 4 1 A 1 p ρ
Perhitungan Pump Head H p = p 2 p 1 γ + V 2 2 2 V 1 2g + h g Perhitungan Head Pipeline H pl = H L + H m + H s
η p = W P B P = γqh η. E P = ρgq ph p η. VI cos φ dimana: W P : daya hidrolik B P : daya poros E P : daya listrik ρ : massa jenis air g : percepatan gravitasi bumi Q p : debit pompa H p : head pompa η : efisiensi motor V : tegangan listrik I : arus listrik cos φ : koefisien kerja motor η = P Load ; Load = I V 100% E p I r V r
Fluid = Temperature = Pressure = Density = Viscosity = Fixed speed = Flow = Head = Efficiency = NPSHr = (at least 3 data) Material = Roughness = Int. Diameter = Fittings = properties
Parameter Line I Line II Line III Debit Aliran (Q) (Q) min 10 L min (Q) max 70 L min Q 2 L min 10 L min 10 L min 1, 67 10 4 m 3 s 1, 67 10 4 m 3 s 1, 67 10 4 m 3 s 60 L min 50 L min 11, 7 10 4 m 3 s 10, 0 10 4 m 3 s 8, 3 10 4 m 3 s 2 L min 2 L min 3 10 5 m 3 s 3 10 5 m 3 s 3 10 5 m 3 s Panjang pipa (L) 3 m 3 m 1 m Diameter (D) 3 2 in 3 4 in 1 2 in Menentukan friction factor f = 2 D L. p ρ V 2 Menentukan wall roughness e D = 3, 7 10 1 1,8 f 6, 9 Re 1 1,11 0, 0381 meter 0, 01905 meter 0, 0127 meter SG Hg = 13,6ρ water ; T = 25 o C; ρ water = 997 kg/m 3 ; µ = 8,93 10-4 N.s/m 2
1,0 0,12 0,03500 Kurva Hubungan f f - - Re pada Line III I 0,9 0,03000 0,1 0,8 f 0,02500 0,7 0,08 0,6 0,02000 0,5 0,06 0,01500 0,4 0,04 0,3 0,01000 f 0,2 0,02 0,00500 0,1 0,000000 0 0 0 500010000 10000 20000 2000015000 30000 30000 20000 40000 25000 40000 50000 30000 60000 50000 35000 700006000040000 80000 70000 45000 90000 100000 50000 80000 Re Re Re
Kurva Hubungan e/d dan Re pada Line I Kurva Hubungan e/d dan Re pada Line II e 1,2 1,0 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0,0 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 Re e 0,12 0,10 0,08 0,06 0,04 0,02 0,00 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 Re e 0,004 0,003 0,002 0,001 0,000 Kurva Hubungan e/d dan Re pada Line III 0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 Re e = e = e = e D D = 0,00112 38,1mm = 0,0427mm e D D = 0,042 19,05mm = 0,80mm e D D = 0,00091 12,7mm = 0,012mm
0,16 0,14 f - Re (Line III) f - Re (Line II) f - Re (Line I) 0,12 64/Re 0,10 f = 1,8log e D 3,7 1,11 + 6.9 Re 2 f 0,08 0,06 0,04 0,02 0,00 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 Re
Parameter Long Standard Sudden Sudden Radius Radius Elbow 45o Enlargement Contraction Elbow 90 o Elbow 90 o Debit minimal L/min 10 10 10 10 10 10-4 [m 3 /s] 1,67 1,67 1,67 1,67 1,67 Debit maksimal [L/min] 70 70 70 70 70 10-4 [m 3 /s] 11,7 11,7 11,7 11,7 11,7 Q [L/min] 2 2 2 2 2 10-5 [m 3 /s] 3 3 3 3 3 Diameter pipa [in] 3/4 3/4 3/4 - - [m] 0,01905 0,01905 0,01905 0,01905 (inlet) 0,04808 (inlet) Jumlah fitting (n) 4 2 2 1 1 Menentukan friction factor K L = 2 p ρ V 2 SG Hg = 13,6ρ water ; T = 25 o C; ρ water = 997 kg/m 3 ; µ = 8,93 10-4 N.s/m 2
Hubungan K L-el90 - Re pada Long Rad Elbow 90 o Hubungan K L-S.el90 - Re pada Stand. Rad. Elbow 90 o 1,6 1,2 1,4 1,2 1 1 0,8 K 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 K 0,6 0,4 0,2 0 0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 Re 0 0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 Re Hubungan K L-el45 - Re pada Elbow 45 o 3 K 2,5 2 1,5 K L-L.el90 = 0,71 K L-S.el90 = 0,60 1 0,5 K L-el45 = 0,31 0 0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 Re
3 Long rad. Elbow 90 2,5 Standard rad. Elbow 90 2 Elbow 45 K L 1,5 1 0,5 0 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000 Re
Hubungan K S-enl - Re Suddden Enlargement Pipe Hubungan K S-con - Re Sudden Contraction Pipe 12 160 10 8 140 120 100 K 6 K 80 4 2 60 40 20 0 0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 Re 0 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 Re K L-sud.enl = 0,76 K L-sud.cont = 26,39
C d 0,007 0,006 0,005 0,004 0,003 Kurva Hubungan C d dan Re pada Venturimeter Dimana: Menentukan nilai C d C d = Q A 1 1 β 4 p ρ C d = 0, 0076 1 0,002 0,001 0 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000 Re Head loss pada venturimeter C d = 10% p ρg (Miller, 1996)
Grafik Karakteristik Kerja Pompa 25 30% 20 25% 20% Head (m) 15 10 5 0 0% 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Debit (L/min) Q-H Hpl I Hpl II Hpl III Efisiensi 15% 10% 5% Efisiensi (η)
η p = W p B p B P = ηe P W P = γq p H p η = P r Load E p Load = B P = P r Load E P. E P W P = ρgq p H p I I r V V r B P = P r I I r V V r η p = W p B p = ρgq ph p I I. V r V r P r
Fittings Keterangan K Through Tee D = 3/2 in 0,42 D = 3/4 in 0,5 1 buah 3 buah Pipeline I II III - - 2 buah 2 buah Branch Tee D = 3/2 in 1,26-1 buah 1 buah D = 3/4 in 1,5 1 buah 2 buah 1 buah Standard Elbow 90 o D = 3/4 in 0,75 3 buah 3 buah 4 buah Long Elbow 90 o D = 3/2 in 0,34 1 buah 1 buah 1 buah D = 3/4 in 0,4 2 buah 2 buah 2 buah Return Bend D = 3/4 in 1,25 1 buah 1 buah 1 buah Gate Valve (Fully Open) D = 3/4 in 0,2 3 buah 3 buah 3 buah Rotameter 10 1 buah 1 buah 1 buah Ktot D(3/2 in) = 0,76 D(3/4 in) = 15,65 D(3/2 in) = 1,6 D(3/4 in) = 16,65 D(3/2 in) = 1,6 D(3/4 in) = 18,15 K entrance = 0,2; K exit = 1
Pipe Flow Expert v5.12.1.1 Debit (Q) = 0,0011 m 3 /det = ±66 L/min Head (H) = 17,001 m Efisiensi (%) = 28,4 Analisa Manual Debit (Q) = 0,0011 m 3 /det = 64 L/min Head (H) = 17,100 m Efisiensi (%) = 29,0
Pipe Flow Expert v5.12.1.1 Debit (Q) = 0,0009m 3 /det = ±54 L/min Head (H) = 18,339 m Efisiensi (%) = 26,2 Analisa Manual Debit (Q) = 0,0009 m 3 /det = 54 L/min Head (H) = 18,4 m Efisiensi (%) = 26,0
Pipe Flow Expert v5.12.1.1 Debit (Q) = 0,0008 m 3 /det = ±48 L/min Head (H) = 19,02 m Efisiensi (%) = 23,8 Analisa Manual Debit (Q) = 0,0008 m 3 /det = 48,5 L/min Head (H) = 19,0 m Efisiensi (%) = 25,3
f e/d 1 Re K L 1 Re Pada pipa line II (PVC D = 3/4 in),e/d = 0,04193 Pipe line I (PVC D = 3/2 in),bep = 29%,17,1 m Pipe line II (PVC D = 3/4 in), BEP = 26%,18,4 m Pipe line III (PVC D = 1/2 in),bep = 25,3%, 19,0 m
Surface (m) 10-3 Absolute Roughness Coefficient - k - Copper, Lead, Brass, Aluminum (new) 0.001-0.002 3.33-6.7 10-6 PVC and Plastic Pipes 0.0015-0.007 0.5-2.33 10-5 Stainless steel 0.015 5 10-5 Steel commercial pipe 0.045-0.09 1.5-3 10-4 Stretched steel 0.015 5 10-5 Weld steel 0.045 1.5 10-4 Galvanized steel 0.15 5 10-4 Rusted steel (corrosion) 0.15-4 5-133 10-4 New cast iron 0.25-0.8 8-27 10-4 Worn cast iron 0.8-1.5 2.7-5 10-3 Rusty cast iron 1.5-2.5 5-8.3 10-3 Sheet or asphalted cast iron 0.01-0.015 3.33-5 10-5 Smoothed cement 0.3 1 10-3 Ordinary concrete 0.3-1 1-3.33 10-3 Coarse concrete 0.3-5 1-16.7 10-3 Well planed wood 0.18-0,9 6-30 10-4 Ordinary wood 5 16.7 10-3 (feet)