Statistik Kebudayaan: Sebuah Konsep Alternatif Dwi W. Hadi Pusat Data dan Statistik Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Sosialisasi Hasil Pendayagunaan Data dan Statistik Pendidikan Hotel Aston Cengkareng, Jakarta, 19-21 November 2015 dwh 13/11/15
Apakah yang dapat menjadikan kemajuan suatu bangsa? 2
Apakah kebudayaan itu penting? 3
Apakah kita perlu menyusun statistik kebudayaan? 4
Mengapa kita perlu menyusun statistik kebudayaan? 5
Latar Belakang Culture count (Samuel P Huntington, 2000) 'the central conservative truth is that it is culture, not politics, that determines the success of a society. The central liberal truth is that politics can change a culture and save it from itself (Daniel Patrick Moynihan dalam Harrison dan Huntington, 2000, hal xiv) Sejumlah ilmuwan, jurnalis, politisi & praktisi pembangunan fokus pada peran sikap & nilai-nilai budaya sebagai fasilitator atau penghambat kemajuan (Lawrence E. Harrison) Kebangkitan studi kebudayaan bergerak menuju pada paradigma pembangunan kemajuan manusia berpusat pada kebudayaan (a new culture-centered paradigm of development of human progress) (Lawrence E. Harrison) 6
Latar Belakang: lanjutan Sociology uses statistics to describe, explain, and predict from data received (Natasha Quinonez) Statistics are often presented in an effort to add credibility to an argument or advice (Mikki Hebl) Using statistics, you can plan the production according to what the customer likes and wants, and you can check the quality of the products far more efficiently with statistical methods (Natasha Quinonez) 7
Tujuan Statistik kebudayaan disusun untuk menampilkan data kebudayaan dalam rangka mendukung kebijakan, perencanaan, pengelolaan dan pengendalian kebudayaan dalam rangka kemajuan peradaban bangsa dan kesejahteraan masyarakat 8
Pengertian Kebudayaan One of the problems we encounter in dealing with culture is that there are so many different meanings and definitions attached to the term (Arthur Asa Berger) The question 'What is culture?' has been extensively debated for many years with no single concept or definition providing a universally accepted answer (New Zealand Statistics) The set of distinctive spiritual, material, intellectual and emotional features of society or a social group, that encompasses, not only art and literature, but lifestyles, ways of living together, value systems, traditions and beliefs (UNESCO, 2001 dalam UNESCO UIS, 2009, hal 9) Cultivating and refining a thing to such an extent that its end product evokes our admiration and respect (Modul 1: Understanding Culture, Indian Culture and Heritage Secondary Course, Hal 1) Keseluruhan gagasan, perilaku, dan hasil karya manusia dan/atau kelompok manusiayang dikembangkan melalui proses belajar dan adaptasi terhadap lingkungannya yang berfungsi sebagai pedoman untuk kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa, dan bernegara (RUU Kebudayaan Pasal 1 poin 1) 9
Konsep Kebudayaan Culture is a way of life. The food you eat, the clothes you wear, the language you speak in and the God you worship all are aspects of culture Culture thus refers to a human-made environment which includes all the material and nonmaterial products of group life that are transmitted from one generation to the next Culture is the expression of our nature in our modes of living and thinking Culture varies from place to place and country to country 10
Aspek Kebudayaan (Modul 1: Understanding Culture) Music Literature Architecture Sculpture Philosophy Religion Science Customs Traditions Festivals Ways of living One s outlook on various issues of life 11
UNESCO Cultural Statistical Framework CULTURAL DOMAINS RELATED DOMAINS A. CULTURAL and NATURAL HERITAGE - Museums (also virtual) - Archeological and Historical Places - Cultural Landscapes - Natural Heritage B. PERFORMANCE and CELEBRATION - Performing Arts - Music - Festivals, Fairs and Feasts C. VISUAL ARTS and CRAFTS - Fine Arts - Photography - Crafts D. BOOKS and PRESS - Books - Newspaper and Magazine - Other printed matter - Library (also virtual) - Book Fairs E. AUDIO-VISUAL and INTERACTIVE MEDIA - Film and Video - TV and Radio (also Internet live streaming) - Internet podcasting - Video Games (also Online) F. DESIGN and CREATIVE SERVICES - Fashion Design - Graphic Design - Interior Design - Landscape Design - Architectural Services - Advertising Services G. TOURISM H. SPORTS and RECREATION - Charter travel and tourist services - Hospitality and accommodation - Sports - Physical fitness and well being - Amusement and Theme Parks - Gambling INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE (oral traditions and expressions, rituals, languages, social practices) INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE EDUCATION and TRAINING EDUCATION and TRAINING ARCHIVING and PRESERVING ARCHIVING and PRESERVING EQUIPMENT and SUPPORTING MATERIALS EQUIPMENT and SUPPORTING MATERIALS 12
Temuan Studi PDSPK Struktur organisasi pengelola kebudayaan tampak bervariasi Besar anggaran bervariasi antar organisasi pengelola kebudayaan SDM kebudayaan pada lembaga pengelola kebudayaan tersebut belum memadai dari kuantitas maupun kualitas Terdapat sejumlah besar variabel kebudayaan 13
Contoh Struktur Statistik Kebudayaan lainnya 14
Tantangan Sumber data Teknik pengumpulan data Instrumen Pengolahan data Produksi dokumen statistik Pendayagunaan Diseminasi 15