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Title インドネシア PKK と < 主婦ボランティア > 開発政策における女性の役割と日常実践 Author(s) 平野, 恵子 Citation F-GENSジャーナル Issue Date 2005-03 URL http://hdl.handle.

1 Title インドネシア PKK と < 主婦ボランティア > 開発政策における女性の役割と日常実践 Author(s) 平野, 恵子 Citation F-GENSジャーナル Issue Date URL Rights Resource Type Departmental Bulletin Paper Resource Version Additional Information This document is downloaded at: 2018

2 The PKK and Housewife Volunteers in Indonesia : Women's Role in Development Policy and Women's Daily Practices In this paper I will examine how, through the Pembinaan Kesehjeteraan Keluarga PKK, the family welfare movement, the imaginations of nationalism by Indonesian housewives were incorporated to construct national femininity. The positioning of housewives in the state development policy is always contradictory. They are gendered and domesticized, at the same time, demanded to take an active role. I focus on the Kader, the women volunteers to clear the process of the making of Indonesian housewives as agents in the state's development policy. They are predominantly housewives, working at the community level in the PKK organization structure. According to my fieldwork in Jakarta, most of the Kader mentioned their involvementwork in the PKK as social activities Kerja Sosial, which means that they get knowledge ilmu, experience pengalaman, and friends teman. It is clear that through the PKK activities the role of housewives was reinforced. Consequently, it is better to avoid overestimating that the Kader can get new social capitals from the PKK. However, at least, they are able to extend their roles as housewives to negotiate within their families or communities. From the perspective of agency, I argue that they subvert the role of housewives through their daily practices. Key words : IndonesiaDevelopment PolicyWomen s Daily Practices PKK Pembinaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga PKK Kader = Ibu PKK PKK PKK PKK PKK PKK PKK PKK : 8 Jackson REPELITA I

3 : 186 Pusat Informasi 1985: PKK 5 PKK ibid: ibid: PKK KB 3 4REPELITAIV 3 Pusat Informasi 1985: : 221 Pusat Informasi 1985: / PKKNGO Office of the State Minister for the Role of Women, ibid: 2 6 Bappenas 2000: / Bappens 2000: 63 5Panca

4 Tugas Wanita : : : : : ibid 5 5 Anderson 1972Robison = bapak anak = ibu: ibu Djajaningrat 1992 Djajaningrat Djajaningrat Suryakusuma 1987 Suryakusuma Suryakusuma PKK 1970 PKK PKK PKK 1971 PKK Bianpoen 2000a PKK Bianpoen 2000a 1996 Suryakusuma =1999 Pannell 1996 PKK PKK 1998 Marcoes 2001 PKK PKK PKK 1983 No.2 PKK RT RW 6 PKK PKK PKK

5 PKK / TP- LKMDPKK PKK PKK / PKK 10 1 / RW RT PKK 7 PKK PKK 4 Kelompok Kerja PKK101 PKK RT RW PKK 1 Kelompok Kerja :TP-PKK Pusat 1996 PKK / 8 PKK10 PKK PKK TP-PKK Pusat dan : Roestam

DIRJEN PMD, 1994 Kader 9 1998: 54RW Wibisana 2 Wibisana 1998: 285 10 605 10 1 629 9.7 1~5 1.964 30.5 5~10 2.692 41.7 10~15 988 15.3 15~20 128 2.0 20 54 0.8 6.

6 DIRJEN PMD, 1994 Kader : 54RW Wibisana 2 Wibisana 1998: ~ ~ ~ ~ Kotamadya Kecamatan ,352 / RW RW POSYANDU PKK ibid: PKK ilmu pengalaman teman M PKelurahan17 P kerja sosial 11 5

7 PKK PKK4 12 RT RW PKK kerja kerja sosial

8 1 : ikeihj@yahoo.co.jp Keluarga Berencana: Family Planning: Badan Koordinasi Keluarga Berencana Nasional =BKKBN 1991 = PKK Pemberdayaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga Empowerment of Family Welfare: Dusun/ Lingkungan PKK Office of the State Minister for the Role of Women 1991 / PKK PMT= Pemberian makanan tambahanrp. 150, Puskesmas: Pusat Kesehatan Masrakyat7200 P P ~ PKK PKK PKK PKK PKK Sehat dari Aspek Perumahan PKK Anderson Benedict, 1972, The Idea of Power in Javanese Culture., Holt Claire ed., Cultuere and Politics in Indonesia. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press Biapoen Carla, 2000, Women's Political Call., Mayling Oey-Gardiner and Carla Biapoen eds., Indonesian Women: The Journey Continues. Canverra: The Australian National University Djajaningrat-Niruwenhuis, Madelon, 1992, Ibuism and Priyayization: Path to Power?, Elsbeth Locher-Scholten and Anke Niehof eds., Indonesian Women in Focus. Leiden: KITLV Press. Dyah Retna Puspina, 2000, Analisis Kehidupan Kader Posyandu dalam Masa Krisis Ekonomi Tesis untuk memenuhi persyaratan meraih gelar Magister.

9 Jakarta: Univesitas Indonesia. Hafidz, Wardah. 1992, "Perempuan Dalam Perspektif Pembangunan: Ekonomi Integrasi atau Marginalisasi", in Amin, M. Masyhur and Masruchah, ed, Wanita Dalam Percakapan Antar Agama: Aktualisasinya dalam Pembangunan, Yogyakarta, LKPSM NU, pp Indonesian Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional, 2000, REPELITA VI: Indonesian's Sixth Five-Year Development Plan, 1994/1995, Jakarta Bappenas Marcoes Lies, 2001, Women's Grassroots Movements in Indonesia: A case Study of the PKK and Islamic Women's Organizations., Kathryn Robinson and Sannon L Smith eds., Women in Indonesia: Gender, Equity and Development. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies Office of the State Minister for the Role of Women of the Repbulic Indonesia, 1991, Women in Development: Policy and Programme. Jakarta: Office of the State Minister for the Role of Women of the Republic Indonesia. Pannell Sandra, 1996, PKK: The Construction of Women as Corporate Bodies and National Symbols., David Mearns and Chris Healey eds., Remaking Maluku: Social Transmigration in Eastern Indonesia. NTU: Center for Southeast Asian Studies Roestam. S. Kardinah, 1981, The Family Welfare Movement in Indonesia PKK. Jakarta: Siem Offset NTT Suryakusuma I. Julia, 1987, State Ibuism: The social construction of womenhood in the Indonesian New Order MA thesis,., [1996]=1999, The State and Sexuality in New Order Indonesia., Laurie J. Sears ed., Fantasizing the Feminine in Indonesia. Durham London: Duke University Press TP-PKK Pusat, 1996, Pendidikan KB-PKK Terpadu Bahan Bacaan Bagi Penyuluh Lapangan. Jakarta: BKKBN. TP-PKK Pusat dan DIRJEN PMD, 1994, Pendidikan KB-PKK Terpadu Bahan Bacaan Bagi Penyuluh Lapangan. Jakarta: BKKBN. Vidhyandika Perkasa, 2003, Inventing Participation: The Dynamics of PKK, Arisan and Kerja bakti in the Context of Urban Jakarta, YOSHIHARA Naoki and Raphaella Dewantari DWIANTO. Eds. Grass roots and the Neighborhood Assciations: on Japan's Chonaikai and Indonesia's RT/ RW. Jakarta: Grasindo Dwianto Raphaella 1998 PKK

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