LAMPIRAN. Lampiran 1 : Step by step Instalasi Ubuntu dekstop LTS. tunggu saja loading yang ada sampai muncul pilihan seperti dibawah ini.

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1 LAMPIRAN Lampiran 1 : Step by step Instalasi Ubuntu dekstop LTS Masukan media instalasi ubuntu yang sudah dibuat. Kemudian atur booting awalnya agar mengarah ke media instalasinya. Kemudian mulai boot, tunggu saja loading yang ada sampai muncul pilihan seperti dibawah ini. Try Ubuntu: Berarti mencoba mengoperasikan ubuntu tanpa harus menginstalnya ke hardisk. Install Ubuntu: Berarti kita siap menginstal ubuntu ke hardisk. Karena kita ingin menginstalnya, maka kita pilih saja Install Ubuntu. Bahasa biarkan saja English, atau Anda bisa sesuai keinginan Anda. Pada bagian ini langsung saja pilih Continue.

2 Kemudian pada bagian Installation Type pilih saja Something else, agar kita bisa mengatur partisinya secara manual nanti. Kemudian akan masuk ke bagian partisi. Disini akan terlihat seperti pada gambar jika hardisk yang digunakan baru, belum terdapat partisi apapun sebelumnya. Klik New Partition Table untuk mulai membuat partisi baru.

3 Klik Continue saja. Maka akan terlihat berapa besar kapasitas harddisk yang Anda miliki. Pada gambar terlihat punya saya sebesar 8GB. Nantinya kapasitas sebesar ini akan saya bagi menjadi dua partisi saja, yaitu Partisi Root: Partisi ini merupakan tempat dimana Ubuntu akan terinstal.

4 Partisi Swap: Partisi ini dibutuhkan untuk swap file dan akan digunakan jika Ubuntu membutuhkan tambahan memori. Partisi Home: Partisi ini bersifat opsional, kamu bisa menambahkannya atau menjadikannya satu dengan Root. Home adalah lokasi tempat file pribadi kamu tersimpan (music, pictures, documents, dsb). Oke, jika sudah paham kita lanjutkan. Pilih bagian yang free space, kemudian klik add atau tanda + seperti pada gambar. Untuk partisi root saya meberi kapasitas sebesar 7 GB, Anda bisa sesuaikan dengan kapasitas hardisk dan kebutuhan Anda. Tipenya Primary, Location Beginning, Use as Ext4, mount point / atau root. Jika sudah klik Oke.

5 Kemudian akan ada sisanya 1 GB, yang ini akan saya jadikan swap. Pilih bagian free space, kemudian klik add. Size 1GB, Type Logical, Location Beginning, Use as Swap Area. Klik oke jika sudah.

6 Setelah semua selesai dan sudah terbagi sesuai keinginan, klik Install Now. Pada bagian ini, kita disuruh menentukan dimana lokasi kita. Saya pilih Jakarta, kemudian klik Continue.

7 Pada bagian keyboard layout, biarkan default, kemudian klik Continue.

8 Isi bagian ini sesuai keinginan Anda, kemudian Continue.

9 Tunggu proses Instalasi yang sedang berlangsung, jika sudah selesai akan restart. Masukan login dan password

10 Jika sudah, Anda akan langsung dibawa menuju desktop ubuntu. Dan instalasi pun sudah selesai.

11 Lampiran 2 SCRIPT PEMROGRAMAN # Test for nodes. rouil 10/25/2005 # Test file for wimax # Scenario: Communication between MN and Sink Node with MN attached to BS. # - Using grep ^r out.res grep MAC grep -c cbr you can see the number of # mac packets received at the destination (100 packets). # - Using grep ^s out.res grep MAC grep -c cbr you can see the number of # mac packets sent. By default the scheduler uses 64QAM_3_4 for # modulation. Using lower modulation can result in packet fragmentation # so the number of packets sent can increase (ex. 402 using QPSK_1_2) # - Using grep "1 0 cbr" out.res grep -c ^r shows the number of packets # received at the destination. # # Topology scenario: # # # #check input parameters if {$argc!= 0} { puts "" puts "Wrong Number of Arguments! No arguments in this topology"

12 puts "" exit (1) } # set global variables set nb_mn 20 ;# max number of mobile node inputkan node set packet_size 1052 ;# packet size in bytes at CBR applications set output_dir. set gap_size 0 ;#compute gap size between packets puts "gap size=$gap_size" set traffic_start 30 #define coverage area for base station: 1000m coverage Phy/WirelessPhy set Pt_ Phy/WirelessPhy set freq_ 5e+6 #Phy/WirelessPhy set RXThresh_ e-09 Phy/WirelessPhy set RXThresh_ e-12 ;#1000m radius Phy/WirelessPhy set CSThresh_ [expr 0.9*[Phy/WirelessPhy set RXThresh_]] # Parameter for wireless nodes set opt(chan) Channel/WirelessChannel ;# channel type set opt(prop) Propagation/TwoRayGround ;# radio-propagation model set opt(netif) Phy/WirelessPhy ;# network interface type set opt(mac) Mac/802_11 ;# MAC type set opt(ifq) Queue/DropTail/PriQueue ;# interface queue type

13 set opt(ll) LL ;# link layer type set opt(ant) Antenna/OmniAntenna ;# antenna model set opt(ifqlen) 50 ;# max packet in ifq set opt(rp) AODV ;# routing protocol set opt(x) 2000 ;# X dimension of the topography set opt(y) 2000 ;# Y dimension of the topography Mac/802_11 set basicrate_ 11Mb Mac/802_11 set datarate_ 11Mb Mac/802_11 set bandwidth_ 11Mb #defines function for flushing and closing files proc finish {} { global ns tf output_dir nb_mn $ns flush-trace close $tf #Execute nam on the trace file exec nam out1a.nam & exit 0 } #create the simulator set ns [new Simulator] $ns use-newtrace

14 #create the topography set topo [new Topography] $topo load_flatgrid $opt(x) $opt(y) #puts "Topology created" #open file for trace set tf [open $output_dir/out1a.res w] $ns trace-all $tf #initialize network animator set namtrace [open out1a.nam w] $ns namtrace-all-wireless $namtrace $opt(x) $opt(y) #puts "Output file configured" # set up for hierarchical routing (needed for routing over a basestation) #puts "start hierarchical addressing" #$ns node-config -addresstype hierarchical #AddrParams set domain_num_ 2 #lappend cluster_num 1 1 domain ;# domain number ;# cluster number for each #AddrParams set cluster_num_ $cluster_num #lappend eilastlevel 1 [expr ($nb_mn+1)] ;# number of nodes for each cluster (1 for sink and one for mobile nodes + base station #AddrParams set nodes_num_ $eilastlevel #puts "Configuration of hierarchical addressing done"

15 # Create God create-god [expr ($nb_mn)] and sink node) ;# nb_mn + 2 (base station #puts "God node created" #creates the sink node in first addressing space. #set sinknode [$ns node 0.0.0] #provide some co-ord (fixed) to base station node #$sinknode set X_ #$sinknode set Y_ #$sinknode set Z_ 0.0 #puts "sink node created" # creation trace traffic set max_fragmented_size 1024 #add udp header(8 bytes) and IP header (20bytes) set packetsize 1052 set original_file_name st_a01 set trace_file_name video1a.dat set original_file_id [open $original_file_name r] set trace_file_id [open $trace_file_name w] set pre_time 0 while {[eof $original_file_id] == 0} { gets $original_file_id current_line scan $current_line "%d%s%d%d%f" no_ frametype_ length_ tmp1_ tmp2_

16 set time [expr int(($tmp2_ - $pre_time)* )] if { $frametype_ == "I" } { set type_v 1 set prio_p 0 } if { $frametype_ == "P" } { set type_v 2 set prio_p 0 } if { $frametype_ == "B" } { set type_v 3 set prio_p 0 } if { $frametype_ == "H" } { set type_v 1 set prio_p 0 } puts $trace_file_id "$time $length_ $type_v $prio_p $max_fragmented_size" set pre_time $tmp2_ } close $original_file_id close $trace_file_id set end_sim_time $tmp2_ puts "$end_sim_time"

17 # Mobile position pattern: set val(seed) 1 set genseed [new RNG] $genseed seed $val(seed) set randomseed [new RandomVariable/Uniform] $randomseed use-rng $genseed $randomseed set min_ 1.0 $randomseed set max_ set gennode [new RNG] $gennode seed [expr [$randomseed value]] set randomnode [new RandomVariable/Uniform] $randomnode use-rng $gennode $randomnode set min_ 0 $randomnode set max_ 1000 set trace_file [new Tracefile] $trace_file filename $trace_file_name # creation of the mobile nodes $ns node-config -adhocrouting $opt(rp) \ -lltype $opt(ll) \ -mactype $opt(mac) \ -ifqtype $opt(ifq) \ -ifqlen $opt(ifqlen) \ -anttype $opt(ant) \

18 -proptype $opt(prop) \ -phytype $opt(netif) \ -channeltype $opt(chan) \ -topoinstance $topo \ -agenttrace OFF \ -routertrace ON \ -mactrace ON \ -movementtrace OFF for {set i 0} {$i < $nb_mn} {incr i} { ;# Mobile nodes cannot do routing. set wl_node_($i) [$ns node];# i.0.[expr $i + 1]]; #1.0.[expr $i + 1]] # $wl_node_($i) random-motion 0 ;# disable random motion #compute position of the node $wl_node_($i) set X_ [expr round([$randomnode value])] $wl_node_($i) set Y_ [expr round([$randomnode value])] $wl_node_($i) set Z_ 0.0 $ns initial_node_pos $wl_node_($i) 25 $ns at 0 "$wl_node_($i) setdest " ; puts "wireless node $i created..." ;# debug info } for {set i 1} {$i < $nb_mn} {incr i} {

19 #create source traffic #Create a UDP agent and attach it to node n0 set udp_($i) [new Agent/TCP] $udp_($i) set_filename tcpvegassend_($i) $udp_($i) set packetsize_ 1052 $ns attach-agent $wl_node_($i) $udp_($i) # Create the Null agent to sink traffic set null_($i) [new Agent/TCPSink] $null_($i) set_filename tcpvegasrec_($i) $ns attach-agent $wl_node_([expr $i-1]) $null_($i) # Attach video traffic source set video1_($i) [new Application/Traffic/myEvalvid] $video1_($i) attach-tracefile $trace_file $video1_($i) attach-agent $udp_($i) # Attach the 2 agents $ns connect $udp_($i) $null_($i) } # Traffic scenario: if all the nodes start talking at the same # time, we may see packet loss due to bandwidth request collision set traffic_stop 60 set diff 0.1 for {set i 1} {$i < $nb_mn} {incr i} {

20 $ns at 30 "$video1_($i) start" # $ns at 20 "$video1_(0) stop" } #$ns at 4 "$nd_(1) dump-table" #$ns at 5 "$nd_(1) send-rs" #$ns at 6 "$nd_(1) dump-table" #$ns at 8 "$nd_(1) dump-table" $ns at 70 "finish" #$ns at $simulation_stop "$ns halt" # Run the simulation puts "Running simulation for $nb_mn mobile nodes..." $ns run puts "Simulation done."

21 Lampiran 3 Mode Jaringan Keterangan : n = node = Komunikasi peer to peer