Reklamasi dan Pengerukan Bisa Membahayakan Negara

Transkripsi

1 Dampak Reklamasidan Pengerukan Terhadap Sirkulasi Arus Laut, Sungai, Sedimentasi, dan Kualitas Air Reklamasi dan Pengerukan Bisa Membahayakan Negara Muslim Muin Ph.D. Ocean Engineering Research Group (OERG) Institut Teknologi Bandung Personal Web

2 Muslim Muin Ph.D. Expertise : Marine Facility Design Structural Dynamics Ocean Hydrodynamics, Sediment Transport, and Water Quality Modeling Place/Date of Birth : Padang, April 7, Employer : Institut Teknologi Bandung, present Position History : ,Head of Ocean Engineering Research Group , Head of Ocean Engineering Program , Faculty member of Ocean Engineering Program , Visiting Research Professor in University of Rhode Island, USA , Faculty member of Ocean Engineering Program , Graduate Student, University of Rhode Island, USA. Education : Ph.D. in Ocean Engineering, University of Rhode Island, USA, M.Sc. in Ocean Engineering, University of Rhode Island, USA, B.E. in Civil Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia, Website :

3 MuTeknologi Software 3D Ocean Hydrodynamics, Sediment Transport, Water Quality Model in GIS System Non-Orthogonal Curvilinear Coordinate Technique MuSed3D MoTuM MuDrillCutting3D MuQual3D MuHeat3D MuTsunami

4 User (License)

5 Arus Pergerakan Partikel Air Gelombang Pendek Arus Laut Gelombang Panjang Arus Laut Global (Ocean Circulation) Conveyor Belt Gulf Stream Indonesia Through Flow (ITF) dll

6 Pergerakan Partikel Gelombang Air

7 Ocean Circulation

8 Ocean Conveyer Belt

9 Arus Laut Gelombang Panjang Gaya (Forcing) Pasang Surut Angin Perbedaan Densitas Sungai Pergerakan Dasar Laut Geometri Batimetri

10 Dampak Perubahan Arus Laut Akibat Reklamasi dan Pengerukan Perubahan Kualitas Air Sediment Transport (Erosi/Deposisi) Perubahan Garis Pantai Navigasi Pelayaran

11 Dampak Reklamasi dan Pengerukan di Gresik Jawa Timur

12 Pengerukan di Banten

13 Dampak Pengerukan di Banten Arus laut pada jalur pipa PGN disekitar daerah pengerukan akan meningkat. Erosi pada jalur pipa Pipa akan tergantung (Free Span) Pipa pecah

14 Dampak dari Proteksi Trestle di BP Tangguh Papua Pergerakan Sediment Halus Deposisi Sediment Erosi Littoral Sediment

15 Runtuhnya Cliff di BPTangguh akibat berkurang Sediment dari Timur

16 Tumpukan Sedimen di Sebelah Barat

17 Daerah Reklamasi di Jakarta Apa yang terjadi pada saat Musim Barat?

18 Akibat Reklamasi Aliran air laut dari Barat terhalang, muka air naik. Aliran sungai mengalami hambatan Daerah Pluit Banjir. Diperparah oleh penurunan muka tanah (Land Subsidence)

19 Mangrove di Papua

20 Mangrove Penting dalam Arus Laut High Tide Low Tide

21 Mangrove Cell

22 Tidal Hydrodynamics Exchange Mangrove Arus laut di mulut muara sangat besar akibat keluar-masuk air ke mangrove Mengabaikan mangrove, hasil model akan tidak akurat

23 Akibat Reklamasi Mangrove Tidal Dynamics hilang -> Arus Mengecil Sedimentasi Pendangkalan Akhir alur pelayaran dikeruk -> Mahal

24 Sebelum Reklamasi, lakukan simulasi Hidrodinamka Laut, Kualitas Air, Sedimentasi, dan Perubahan Garis Pantai MODEL 3D NON-ORTHOGONAL BOUNDARY FITTED

25 Model Feature Semi-Implicit: Time Step is large, not limited by gravity wave speed. Sigma Stretching and Z-coordinate One Equation Turbulence Closure Model Density Induced Current Prognostic Simulation (density and current couple) Integrated into GIS Windows System

26 Non-Orthogonal Curvilinear Technique

27 Governing Equations in Spherical Coordinates

28 Governing Equations Boundary Fitted Coordinate

29 Model Testing in 3D Idealized Channel

30 Model Testing Storm Surge

31 Application of 3D Boundary Fitted Model by ASA Inc. (New York, Bay of Fundy, San Francisco Bay, Savannah River, etc.)

32 Publication

33 Dilakukan dengan Menggunakan Konsep Keliru REKLAMASI JAKARTA

34 Dampak Giant Seawall Jakarta

35

36 Giant Water Pump Power = Q x r x g x H Q = Water Discharge r = Water Density g = Gravity H = Head H = 10 m (Elevation + Lost + Efficiency) Maximum Discharge (2 years Return Period) ~ 2500 m3/det Power = 245 MW

37 Operational Cost Giant Seawall Discharge Averages 200 m 3 /det Electric Price per KwH Rp 1400 Yearly Pump Electricity Cost Rp 241 Milyar (USD 24 Million) Water Treatment Cost per m 3 Rp 1000 Total Cost Water Treatment per Year Rp 6 Triliun (USD 600 Million) Who will pay?.. 60 Thousand Residence in new reclamation area??

38 Water Quality in Giant Seawall Giant Seawall Jakarta is Closed System. Entrance for Tg Priok is not sufficient. Giant Seawall is not Palm Island Project. Stagnant Water. Poor Water Quality. Mangrove will die. High Operational Cost

39 Reklamasi Teluk Jakarta Dilakukan dengan konsep yang salah Mengabaikan Sirkulasi Air Laut, Kualitas Air, dan Sedimentasi. Ongkos Operasi (Pompa dan Kualitas Air) sangat tinggi -> Jakarta Bangkrut Jika GSW dibangun, Jakarta terancam tenggelam. GSW bukan solusi untuk penurunan muka tanah (Land Subsidence) Jangan Menutup Teluk Jakarta

40 Land Subsidence in New Orleans Scientists have proposed several causes for subsidence in New Orleans. These causes range from Natural ones, such as settling of coastal sediments and movement of the Michoud fault Human ones such as draining wetlands, diverting sediment-bearing floodwaters from the Mississippi River, and pumping ground water. 3

41 Kenapa Tidak?

42 Kesimpulan Reklamasi dan Pengerukan Bisa Membahayakan Ekonomi Negara jika mengabaikan dampak perubahan sirkulasi arus laut. Jika dilakukan dengan konsep yang salah dan lokasi yang tidak tepat, bukan Lahan Baru yang diperoleh tapi Persoalan Baru. Sebelum Reklamasi atau Pengerukan, harus dilakukan simulasi Model Hidrodinamika Tiga Dimensi, Sedimen, Kualitas Air, dan Perubahan Garis Pantai Reklamasi dapat merubah aliran sungai dan menyebabkan banjir di dataran rendah Dampak Reklamasi daerah Mangrove sangat besar