ABSTRACT. Keywords: Standard costs, production costs, and efficiency. vii. Universitas Kristen Maranatha

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ABSTRACT. Keywords: Cost of Goods Manufactured, Sales Price. viii. Universitas Kristen Maranatha

DAFTAR GAMBAR. Halaman

ABSTRAK. Universitas Kristen Maranatha

Transkripsi:

ABSTRACT Application of the standard fee may encourage employers to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the production process to achieve the established standards. Cost of production is the most important costs and influence in a company. So that management should be able to apply the correct methods in order to control production costs can run well. The purpose of this study was to determine the standard cost system that has been established within the company and to determine the application of the standard fee towards the cost of production at PT PAPYRUS SAKTI PAPER MILL. The authors use data collection techniques such as engineering documentation, interviews and literature. Methods of data analysis is descriptive analytical method and analysis of variance. From the results of this analysis can be known that the application of the standard cost system to the production cost at PT PAPYRUS SAKTI PAPER MILL has gone well. It can be seen from the cost efficiencies that can be seen from the difference in cost variance is quite small. Keywords: Standard costs, production costs, and efficiency vii

ABSTRAK Penerapan biaya standar dapat mendorong para pemilik perusahaan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektifitas proses produksi untuk mencapai standar yang telah ditetapkan. Biaya produksi merupakan biaya yang paling besar dan berpengaruh di dalam sebuah perusahaan. Sehingga pihak manajemen harus mampu menerapkan metode yang benar agar pengendalian biaya produksi dapat berjalan dengan baik. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sistem biaya standar yang telah ditetapkan dalam perusahaan dan untuk mengetahui penerapan biaya standar terhadap biaya produksi pada PT PAPYRUS SAKTI PAPER MILL. Penulis menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data berupa teknik dokumentasi, wawancara dan kepustakaan. Metode analisis data adalah metode deskriptif analitis dan analisis varians. Dari hasil analisa tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa penerapan sistem biaya standar terhadap biaya produksi pada PT PAPYRUS SAKTI PAPER MILL telah berjalan dengan baik. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari adanya efisiensi biaya yang terlihat dari selisih biaya varians yang cukup kecil. Kata-kata kunci: Biaya standar, biaya produksi, dan efisiensi viii

DAFTAR ISI Halaman HALAMAN JUDUL... i HALAMAN PENGESAHAN... ii PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN SKRIPSI... iii KATA PENGANTAR... iv ABSTRACT ABSTRAK DAFTAR ISI... vii... viii... ix DAFTAR GAMBAR... xiii DAFTAR TABEL... xiv DAFTAR LAMPIRAN... xv BAB I PENDAHULUAN... 1 1.1 Latar Belakang... 1 1.2 Identifikasi Masalah... 3 1.3 Maksud dan Tujuan Penelitian... 4 1.4 Kegunaan Penelitian... 4 BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA DAN KERANGKA PEMIKIRAN... 6 2.1 Tinjauan Pustaka... 6 2.1.1 Pengertian Akuntansi Biaya... 6 2.1.2 Pengertian Biaya... 6 2.1.3 Pengendalian Biaya Standar... 10 ix

2.1.3.1 Jenis-jenis Biaya Standar...11 2.1.3.2 Manfaat Biaya Standar...11 2.1.3.3 Penentuan Biaya Standar... 12 2.1.4 Pengertian Biaya Produksi... 14 2.1.4.1 Klasifikasi Biaya Produksi... 15 2.1.4.2 Proses Produksi... 16 2.1.5 Analisis Penyimpangan Biaya Sesungguhnya dari Biaya Standar... 17 2.1.5.1 Analisis Selisih Biaya Bahan Baku... 18 2.1.5.2 Analisis Selisih Biaya Tenaga Kerja... 23 2.1.5.3 Analisis Selisih Biaya Overhead Pabrik... 24 2.2 Penelitian Terdahulu... 26 2.3 Rerangka Pemikiran... 30 BAB III METODE PENELITIAN... 32 3.1 Objek Penelitian... 32 3.1.1 Sejarah Singkat Perusahaan... 32 3.1.2 Struktur Organisasi Perusahaan... 34 3.1.3 Uraian Tugas Perusahaan... 37 3.2 Tahapan Penelitian... 39 3.3 Metode Penelitian... 40 3.3.1 Jenis Data... 41 3.3.2 Teknik Pengumpulan Data... 42 3.3.3 Metode Analisis Data... 42 x

3.3.3.1 Analisis Varians... 43 3.3.3.2 Analisis Deskriptif... 45 BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN... 46 4.1 Hasil Penelitian... 46 4.1.1 Penggolongan Biaya Produksi... 46 4.1.1.1 Biaya Bahan Baku... 46 4.1.1.2 Biaya Tenaga Kerja... 48 4.1.1.3 Biaya Overhead Pabrik... 48 4.1.2 Proses Produksi... 49 4.1.3 Penetapan Standar Biaya Produksi... 51 4.1.3.1 Standar Biaya Bahan Baku Langsung... 51 4.1.3.2 Standar Biaya Tenaga Kerja Langsung... 54 4.1.3.3 Standar Biaya Overhead Pabrik... 55 4.1.3.4 Standar Biaya Produksi... 56 4.1.4 Biaya Produksi Sesungguhnya... 57 4.1.4.1 Biaya Bahan Baku Sesungguhnya... 57 4.1.4.2 Biaya Tenaga Kerja Langsung Sesungguhnya... 59 4.1.4.3 Biaya Overhead Pabrik Sesungguhnya... 59 4.1.4.4 Biaya Produksi Sesungguhnya... 60 4.1.5 Analisis Selisih Biaya Produksi... 61 4.1.5.1 Analisis Selisih Biaya Bahan Baku... 63 4.1.5.2 Analisis Selisih Biaya Tenaga Kerja Langsung... 64 4.1.5.3 Analisis Selisih Biaya Overhead Pabrik... 66 xi

4.2 Pembahasan... 67 4.2.1 Implikasi... 69 BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN... 71 5.1 Simpulan... 71 5.2 Saran... 72 DAFTAR PUSTAKA... 74 LAMPIRAN... 75 DAFTAR RIWAYAT HIDUP PENULIS (CURRICULUM VITAE)... 76 xii

DAFTAR GAMBAR Halaman Gambar 1 Kerangka Pemikiran... 31 Gambar 2 Struktur Organisasi Perusahaan... 36 xiii

DAFTAR TABEL Halaman Tabel I Standar Pemakaian Bahan Baku... 52 Tabel II Standar Harga Bahan Baku... 53 Tabel III Biaya Bahan Baku Standar... 54 Tabel IV Total Tarif Upah Langsung Standar... 55 Tabel V Biaya Overhead Pabrik Standar Per Bulan... 56 Tabel VI Standar Biaya Produksi... 57 Tabel VII Pemakaian Bahan Baku Sesungguhnya... 58 Tabel VIII Biaya Bahan Baku Sesungguhnya... 58 Tabel IX Tarif Upah Tenaga Kerja Langsung Sesungguhnya... 59 Tabel X Biaya Overhead Pabrik Sesungguhnya... 60 Tabel XI Biaya Produksi Sesungguhnya... 61 Tabel XII Selisih Biaya Produksi... 61 xiv

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN Halaman Lampiran A Surat Keterangan Penelitian... 75 xv