ABSTRACT. Keywords: relevant cost, special order. viii

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Transkripsi:

ABSTRACT Information on costs become an important for management in decision making process. Distinguish the relevant costs and irrelevant costs can help management to take a right decision so there s no mistake. The purpose of this study was to determine how the calculation cost of production of a product, analyzing the relevant costs associated with the decision to accept or reject the special order, and knowing how much profit or loss realized if accepted special order. Analysis method used is descriptive quantitave methdod analysis. The results showed that in determining the cost of production companies incorporate the costs are fixed and variable. The company has not implemented the relevant costs in decision making. Management companies should apply the relevant costs method in the decision as to the method chosen decision could provide additional income for the company. Keywords: relevant cost, special order viii

ABSTRAK Informasi mengenai biaya menjadi hal yang penting bagi pihak manajemen dalam proses pengambilan keputusan. Membedakan biaya yang relevan dan biaya yang tidak relevan dapat membantu pihak manajemen untuk mengambil keputusan secara tepat sehingga tidak ada kekeliruan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana perhitungan harga pokok produksi suatu produk, menganalisis biaya relevan yang berkaitan dengan pengambilan keputusan menerima atau menolak pesanan khusus, dan mengetahui berapa besar keuntungan atau kerugian yang diperoleh jika menerima pesanan khusus. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam penentuan harga pokok produksi perusahaan memasukkan biaya-biaya yang bersifat tetap dan variabel. Perusahaan belum menerapkan metode biaya relevan dalam pengambilan keputusan. Manajemen perusahaan sebaiknya menerapkan biaya relevan dalam pengambilan keputusan karena dengan metode ini keputusan yang dipilih bisa memberikan tambahan laba bagi perusahaan. Kata kunci: biaya relevan, pesanan khusus ix

DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN JUDUL... i HALAMAN PENGESAHAN... ii PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN KARYA TULIS SKRIPSI... iii PERNYATAAN PUBLIKASI LAPORAN PENELITIAN... iv KATA PENGANTAR... v ABSTRACT... viii ABSTRAK... ix DAFTAR ISI... x DAFTAR GAMBAR... xiii DAFTAR TABEL... xiv BAB I PENDAHULUAN... 1 1.1. Latar Belakang... 1 1.2. Rumusan Masalah... 6 1.3. Tujuan Penelitian... 7 1.4. Manfaat Penelitian... 7 BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA...... 8 2.1 Kajian Pustaka... 8 2.1.1. Biaya... 8 2.1.2. Perilaku Biaya... 10 2.1.3. Klasifikasi Biaya... 11 2.1.4. Harga Pokok Produksi... 18 2.1.5. Perbedaan Antara Metode Full Costing dan Variable Costing... 20 x

2.1.6. Pengertian Biaya Relevan... 22 2.1.7. Aplikasi Biaya Relevan Dalam Pengambilan Keputusan... 24 2.2. Rerangka Pemikiran... 25 BAB III METODE PENELITIAN... 30 3.1 Objek dan Subjek Penelitian... 30 3.2 Jenis Penelitian... 30 3.3 Jenis Data... 31 3.4 Teknik Pengumpulan Data... 32 3.5 Metode Analisis Data... 33 3.5.1 Langkah-langkah Penelitian... 35 BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN... 37 4.1. Gambaran Umum Perusahaan... 37 4.1.1. Sejarah Perusahaan... 37 4.1.2. Visi dan Misi Perusahaan... 38 4.1.3. Struktur Organisasi Perusahaan... 39 4.1.4. Proses Produksi Bed Cover... 40 4.2. Hasil Penelitian... 42 BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN... 50 5.1. Kesimpulan... 50 5.2. Saran... 51 DAFTAR PUSTAKA... 52 xi

LAMPIRAN... 54 RIWAYAT HIDUP... 55 xii

DAFTAR GAMBAR Halaman Gambar 2.1. Rerangka Teoritis... 28 Gambar 2.2. Rerangka Pemikiran... 29 Gambar 4.1. Struktur Organisasi... 39 xiii

DAFTAR TABEL Halaman Tabel 2.1. HPP Metode Full Costing... 21 Tabel 3.1. Komponen Biaya Relevan... 34 Tabel 3.2. Langkah-langkah Penelitian... 36 Tabel 4.1. Biaya Bahan Baku Per Unit... 42 Tabel 4.2. Biaya Tenaga Kerja Langsung Per Unit... 43 Tabel 4.3. Biaya Overhead Pabrik Per Bulan... 44 Tabel 4.4. Tabel Pemisahan Biaya... 45 Tabel 4.5. Perhitungan HPP Normal Bulan Desember... 46 Tabel 4.6. Perhitungan Laba Normal Bulan Desember... 47 Tabel 4.7. Perhitungan HPP Pesanan Khusus Bulan Desember... 47 Tabel 4.8. Perhitungan Tambahan Laba Bulan Desember... 49 Tabel A 1 Daftar Biaya Per Bulan Favorite Pieces... 54 xiv