ABSTRACT. Keyword: Cost report, job order costing, cost of production orders, compare, weaknesses and strengths, analytical calculation

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Transkripsi:

ABSTRACT A company must have the strength to survive in business competition. One of the factors of power that must be owned by the company is the cost report. To obtain a reliable cost report must have a reliable method of calculation as well. Specifically for companies that produce products specifically for customer orders, costing methods used by the company was different. Job order costing is a costing method that can be used in calculating the production cost per product specifications of each order. The cost of production orders is the result obtained after performing the calculation of the cost of job order costing method. The cost of production orders can assist management in determining how much income a person could want from a product that is produced. Using job order costing method the author will compare the results of calculation of the costs calculated by the authors with actual costs calculated by the company in order to know the weaknesses and strengths of each cost calculation performed. Analytical calculation derived from comparison of cost, can provide new ideas for the management company or other party that requires the calculation of cost. Keyword: Cost report, job order costing, cost of production orders, compare, weaknesses and strengths, analytical calculation vii Universitas Kristen Maranatha

ABSTRAK Suatu perusahaan harus mempunyai kekuatan untuk dapat bertahan dalam persaingan bisnis. Salah satu faktor dari kekuatan yang harus dimiliki oleh perusahaan adalah laporan kos. Untuk mendapatkan laporan kos yang handal harus ada metode perhitungan yang handal pula. Khusus untuk perusahaan yang memproduksi produknya secara spesifik atas pesanan pelanggan, metode perhitungan kos yang digunakan oleh perusahaan pun berbeda. Job order costing adalah salah satu metode perhitungan kos yang dapat dipakai dalam menghitung kos produksi per produk dari setiap spesifikasi pesanan. Harga pokok produksi pesanan adalah hasil yang didapat setelah melakukan perhitungan kos dengan metode job order costing. Harga pokok produksi pesanan tersebut dapat membantu manajemen dalam menentukan seberapa besar laba yang ingin didapat dari suatu produk yang diproduksi. Dengan menggunakan metode job order costing penulis akan membandingkan hasil perhitungan kos yang dihitung oleh penulis dengan kos sebenarnya yang dihitung oleh perusahaan agar dapat mengetahui kelemahan dan kelebihan dari tiap perhitungan kos yang dilakukan. Analisis perhitungan yang didapat dari perbandingan kos tersebut dapat dijadikan ide baru bagi manajemen perusahaan atau pihak lain yang membutuhkan dalam melakukan perhitungan kos. Kata kunci: Laporan biaya, job order costing, harga pokok produksi pesanan, membandingkan, kelemahan dan kelebihan, analisis perhitungan viii Universitas Kristen Maranatha

DAFTAR ISI Halaman HALAMAN JUDUL...i HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ii SURAT PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN SKRIPSI...iii KATA PENGANTAR...iv ABSTRACT...vii ABSTRAK...viii DAFTAR ISI......ix DAFTAR GAMBAR...xiii BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1.1 Latar Belakang Penelitian..1 1.2 Identifikasi Masalah...4 1.3 Maksud dan Tujuan Penelitian...4 1.4 Kegunaan Penelitian...5 BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA 2.1 Laporan Kos Produksi 6 2.1.1 Pengertian Kos. 6 2.1.2 Laporan Kos Produksi..7 2.1.2.1 Karakteristik Pemanufakturan...7 ix Universitas Kristen Maranatha

2.1.2.2 Laporan Kos Produksi Pemanufakturan...8 2.1.2.3 Komponen Dalam Laporan Kos Produksi.10 2.1.3 Klasifikasi Kos...11 2.2 Metode Job Order Costing...13 2.2.1 Karakteristik Job Order Costing........14 2.2.2 Manfaat Metode Job Order Costing.. 14 2.2.3 Keuntungan dan Kelemahan Metode Job Order Costing..15 2.2.4 Kartu Kos Pesanan.....16 2.2.5 Akuntansi Material / Bahan Baku.....18 2.2.6 Akuntansi Tenaga Kerja....19 2.2.7 Akuntansi Overhead...20 2.3 Harga Pokok Produksi Pesanan...23 2.3.1 Pengertian Harga Pokok Produksi.23 2.3.2 Tujuan Harga Pokok Produksi...23 2.3.3 Unsur-unsur Yang mempengaruhi Harga Pokok Berdasarkan Pesanan..24 2.4 Peranan Metode Job Order Costing dalam Perhituangan Harga Pokok Pesanan.27 2.5 Kerangka Pemikiran.29 x Universitas Kristen Maranatha

BAB III OBJEK DAN METODE PENELITIAN 3.1 Objek Penelitian.. 31 3.2 Aktivitas Perusahaan 31 3.3 Metode Penelitian.33 3.3.1 Metode Pengumpulan Data 35 3.3.2 Analisis data...36 BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN 4.1 Hasil Penelitian...37 4.1.1 Sejarah Singkat Perusahaan...37 4.1.2 Struktur Organisasi CV. Sejahtera dan Uraian Tugas.. 38 4.1.3 Proses Produksi.. 46 4.1.4 Hasil Produksi... 49 4.1.5 Analisis Job Order Costing yang berlaku di perusahaan.. 49 4.1.5.1 Analisis Pencatatan Biaya Bahan Baku.50 4.1.5.2 Analisis Pencatatan Kos Tenaga Kerja Langsung 55 4.1.5.3 Analisis Pencatatan Kos Produksi Tidak Langsung 59 xi Universitas Kristen Maranatha

4.1.5.4 Kalkulasi Total Estimasi Kos Produksi Menurut Penulis 63 4.1.5.5 Total Kos Produksi Sesungguhnya 64 4.2 Pembahasan.66 4.2.1 Penentuan Harga Pokok Produksi.....66 4.2.2 Peranan Job Order Costing dalam Menetapkan Harga Pokok Produksi.....68 BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN 5.1 Kesimpulan..69 5.2 Saran 70 DAFTAR PUSTAKA...72 DAFTAR RIWAYAT HIDUP....73 xii Universitas Kristen Maranatha

DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 1 Gambar 2 Halaman Kerangka Pemikiran...29 Struktur Organisasi.46 xiii Universitas Kristen Maranatha