KTSP & K-13 bahasa inggris K e l a s XI ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION TEXT TUJUAN PEMBELAJARAN Setelah mempelajari materi ini, kamu diharapkan memiliki kemampuan berikut. 1. Memahami fungsi sosial teks analytical exposition. 2. Memahami generic structure dan language features yang ada di dalam teks analytical exposition. 3. Mengidentifikasi struktur yang membangun sebuah teks analytical exposition. 4. Mengidentifikasi informasi spesifik yang terkandung dalam teks analytical exposition. Contoh 1 Bacalah contoh teks di bawah ini dan jawablah pertanyaannya! The Power of Music in Our Life Do you agree that music is important in our life? Yes I do, music has certain roles completing our day to day activities. Here are some reasons why music is heard everywhere and anywhere. Firstly, music is a way to express feelings. When we fall in love, the kind of music we listen to will be all about love. When we re sad, we will go for music that is melancholic in nature and immerse ourselves in the sadness. When we re happy, we will choose songs with happy tunes too. 1
Songs can help to memorize the last experiences. A favorite song is a powerful documentary. People with Alzheimer or impaired brain would remember details about songs they were familiar with. For example, an elderly woman who couldn t even remember her husband s name would remember the details of her favorite song; when it was played, how it made her feel and things about the song that made it especially memorable for her. Further, music can unite people for a cause and it can also change the world. A song with good lyrics and striking deep chords can stimulate the universal feeling of all people. We can see it in the case of the famous and legendary Michael Jackson s Heal the World. It can arouse humanism of a lot of people in this world. So what will the world be like without music? It will be lonely. Taken from: http://freeenglishcourse.info/the-power-of-music-in-our-life/ Pertanyaan: 1. What is the topic of the text? 2. What is the writer s opinion about Music? Is music important in our life? Why? 3. What does the writer think the world will be without music? 4. Do you agree with the text above? Vocab Corner Melancholic : sad Immerse : bring into Tunes : melody Impaired : damaged Unite : unify/make into one Striking : very Arouse : stimulate Super "Solusi Quipper" To find the topic of the text, find REWORD (Repeated WORD) A. DEFINITION Analytical exposition adalah teks yang berisi pemikiran terperinci penulis yang menjelaskan suatu masalah atau fenomena di sekitarnya secara komprehensif dengan menampilkan pendapat-pendapat pendukung. Tujuan Analytical Exposition adalah untuk meyakinkan pembaca bahwa topik yang disajikan adalah topik yang penting untuk dibahas atau mendapat perhatian. 2
B. GENERIC STRUCTURE Analytical exposition text dibangun oleh struktur-struktur berikut ini. a. Thesis Bagian ini terdapat di paragraf awal teks dan mengandung informasi mengenai: Topik atau ide pokok yang akan dibahas Pandangan penulis (writer s view) mengenai suatu permasalahan Topic Writer s view Do you agree that music is important in our life? Yes I do, music has certain role completing our day to day activities. b. Series of Argument Bagian ini berisi argumen-argumen yang mendukung dan membuktikan kebenaran thesis. Argumen-argumen yang kuat akan dan logis dapat menunjukkan dan membuktikan kebenaran thesis dan membuat pembaca/pendengar semakin yakin bahwa thesis yang dibahas adalah penting. Argument pada teks di atas adalah: - Music is a way to express feelings - Songs can help to memorize the last experience - Music can unite people for a cause and change the world c. Conclusion/Reiteration Bagian ini berisi penutup yang: Terletak pada paragraf terakhir Berisi pernyataan kembali thesis. Conclusion/reiteration pada teks di atas adalah: So what will the world be like without music? It will be lonely. C. LANGUAGE FEATURES Analytical exposition text ditandai dengan penggunaan unsur kebahasaan (language features) berikut ini. 3
Menggunakan present tense Do you agree that music is important in our life? Yes I do, music has certain role completing our day to day activities. Here are some reasons why music is heard everywhere and anywhere. Firstly, music is a way to express feelings. When we fall in love, the kind of music we listen to will be all about love. When we re sad, we will go for music that is melancholic in nature and immerse ourselves in the sadness. When we re happy, we will choose songs with happy tunes too. Songs can help to memorize the last experiences. A favorite song is a powerful documentary. People with Alzheimer or impaired brain would remember details about songs they were familiar with. For example, an elderly woman who couldn t even remember her husband s name would remember the details of her favorite song; when it was played, how it made her feel and things about the song that made it especially memorable for her. Further, music can unite people for a cause and it can also change the world. A song with good lyrics and striking deep chords can stimulate the universal feeling of all people. We can see it in the case of the famous and legendary Michael Jackson s Heal the World. It can arouse humanism of a lot people in this world. So what will the world be like without music? It will be lonely. Menggunakan conjunction yang menghubungkan argumen-argumen penulis, seperti firstly, secondly, in addition, further, besides, dll. Contoh: Firstly, music is a way to express feelings. Further, music can unite people 4
Menggunakan words evaluative Evaluative words adalah kata-kata yang merepresentasikan pendapat/perasaan/penilaian penulis terhadap sesuatu, seperti, important, significant, valuable, crucial, dll. Salah satu tujuan penggunaan evaluative words adalah untuk menunjukkan seberapa pentingnya topik yang dibahas. Contoh: Do you agree that music is important in our life? A favorite song is a powerful documentary. A song with good lyric and striking deep chord can stimulate the universal feeling of all people. It will be lonely. Menggunakan compound and complex sentence Compound sentence adalah kalimat yang terdiri atas dua main clause (induk kalimat) yang dihubungkan oleh coordinate conjunction yaitu but, or, and >>COBRA>CompoundButoRAnd<< Contoh: Further, music can unite people for a cause and it can also change the world. Complex sentence adalah kalimat yang terdiri atas satu induk kalimat (main clause) dan satu atau beberapa anak kalimat (subordinate clause) yang ditandai dengan penggunaan kata penghubung subordinate conjunction, seperti when, while, because, since, as, that, which, who, although, how, why, if, dll. Contoh: Do you agree that music is important in our life? Here are some reasons why music is heard everywhere and anywhere. When we fall in love, the kind of music we will listen to is all about love. 5
Menggunakan compound and complex sentence When we re sad, we will go for music that is melancholic in nature and immerse ourselves in the sadness. When we re happy, we will choose songs with happy tunes too. Super "Solusi Quipper" Compound Sentence >>COBRA>CompoundButoRAnd<< S + V and S + V but or Compound Sentence S + V subordinate conjunction S + V Subordinate conjunction S + V, S + V Contoh 2 Bacalah contoh teks berikut dan jawablah pertanyaannya. Smoking Smoking is a bad habit which we must avoid. A lot of people start smoking due to peer pressure, depression, the need to lose weight, or to relax. For young people, they usually start to smoke in order to make them feel more relaxed. They think that it is the only way to get through their problems. Nevertheless, there are so many negative effects of smoking. Firstly, smoking is not good for our health. It causes lung cancer, yellow teeth or nails, bronchitis, and other diseases. Secondly, smoking can become very addictive and it kills more people than car accidents, suicide, murder, and other causes. In addition, mentally, if someone has been smoking, they can encounter some loss of concentration or balance which can influence their social life, although the opinion merely comes from the smokers. From the reason above, we can conclude that smoking is a bad habit that doesn t give us any advantages for us. Taken from: www.topics-mag.com/readers/smoking-forum.htm 6
Pertanyaan: 1. What is the topic of the text? 2. What is the writer s opinion about smoking? Is it a good thing or a bad thing? 3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of smoking according to the text? Vocab Corner Peer : friend Addictive : obsessive Suicide : self-murder Encounter : experience Generic structure teks di atas adalah: Thesis Series of argument Conclusion/reiteration Smoking is a bad habit which we must avoid. Smoking causes lung cancer, yellow teeth or nails, bronchitis, and other diseases. Smoking can become very addictive and it kills more people than car accidents, suicide, murder, and other causes. Encounter some loss of concentration or balance, which can influence social life. Smoking is a bad habit that doesn t give us any advantages for us. Language features teks di atas adalah: Menggunakan present tense Smoking is a bad habit which we must avoid. A lot of people start smoking due to peer pressure, depression, the need to lose weight, or to relax. For young people, they usually start to smoke in order to make them feel more relaxed. They think that it is the only way to get through their problems. Nevertheless, there are so many negative effects of smoking. Firstly, smoking is not good for our health. It causes lung cancer, yellow teeth or nails, bronchitis, and other diseases. Secondly, smoking can become very addictive and it kills more people than car accidents, suicide, murder, and other causes. In addition, mentally, if someone has been smoking, they can encounter some loss of concentration or balance which can influence their social life, although the opinion merely comes from the smokers. 7
Menggunakan present tense Menggunakan conjunction Menggunakan evaluative words Menggunakan compound and complex sentence. From the reason above, we can conclude that smoking is a bad habit that doesn t give us any advantages for us. Firstly, smoking is not good for our health. Secondly, smoking can become very addictive In addition, mentally, if someone has been smoking, Smoking is a bad habit which we must avoid. Nevertheless, there are so many negative effects of smoking. Firstly, smoking is not good for our health. Secondly, smoking can become very addictive smoking is a bad habit that doesn t give us any advantages for us. Compound: Secondly, smoking can become very addictive and it kills more people than car accidents, suicide, murder, and other causes. Complex: Smoking is a bad habit that doesn t give us any advantages for us. They think that it is the only way to get through their problems. if someone has been smoking, they can encounter some loss of concentration or balance which can influence their social life, although the opinion merely comes from the smokers. we can conclude that smoking is a bad habit that doesn t give us any advantages for us. 8