AN ANALYSIS OF ACCURACY AND NATURALNESS IN THE TRANSLATION VERSION OF CHAIRIL ANWAR POEMS A THESIS BY : IRMA YANTI REG. NO. 110705011 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2015 i
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Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from Departement of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan. The examination is held in Departement of English Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara on April 15 th, 2015 Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Dr. H. Syahron Lubis, M.A. NIP. 195110131976031001 Board of Examiners (signature) 1. Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, MS... 2. Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, MA. Ph.D.... 3. Dr. Matius CA. Sembiring, M.A.... 4. Dr. Eddy Setia, M.Ed. TESP... 5. Dr. Rohani Ganie, M.Hum... iv
AUTHOR S DECLARATION I IRMA YANTI DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE POEM OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION. Signed : Date : April 15 th, 2015 v
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION NAME : IRMA YANTI TITLE OF THESIS : AN ANALYSIS OF ACCURACY AND NATURALNESS IN THE TRANSLATION VERSION OF CHAIRIL ANWAR POEMS QUALIFICATION : S-1/SARJANA SASTRA DEPARTMENT : ENGLISH I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA. Signed : Date : April 15 th, 2015 vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT In the name of Allah the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful First of all, the writer would like to thanks to Allah SWT for all favor and guidance in completing this thesis. All praise belongs to Allah, the greater of living things from being nothing to existence. Many solutions and benediction be upon the greatest prophet Muhammad SAW, his family, companions, and adherents realizes that surely owes such many people materially, morally, scientifically, and spiritually. This thesis is presented to English Department Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan as a partial of requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra. On this occasion, the writer would like to give her dedicate to her parents, Musa and Zulfah, thanks so much for their attentions, their pure and big love, their support and for all of their contribution in the writer s life especially in finishing this thesis. The writer will always love and pray for them. The writer special thank is to her co-supervisor Marzaini Manday, Drs, MSPD the deepest gratitude for his guidance, helpul, correction, patient, cooperation, time, kindness, until some of this thesis completes. The writer thanks for all he has given to her, and may Allah SWT bless him and his family. The writer also would like to express her trsut worthy gratitude to the following noble persons : 1. Dr. H. Syahron Lubis, M.A. as Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara. 2. Dr. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S. as the head of English Department Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara and also as the supervisor of this thesis who has helped guided the writer to finish this thesis. vii
3. Dr. Masdiana Lubis, M.Hum. as one of her lecturer for her guidance, correction, cooperation and time until this thesis finishes. 4. All of the lecturers in English Department for their knowledgements during the writer study at University of Sumatera Utara. 5. The writer s older brother Irfansyah Ramadhan and and her dearest sister in law Rahmayani Rokhan for always supporting to the writer in finishing this thesis. 6. The writer s beloved grandmother Norma for her full support, attention, and prayers. 7. All of the writer s beloved friends in English Department Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara especially Rabiatul Adawiyah, Indah Pratiwi, Maya Sopa and Rummy Hadina for giving spirit, motivation, and for helping the writer to finish this thesis. 8. The writer s beloved friend Tresi for her time, kindness and helpful to finish this thesis. 9. Her especially thankfulness is directed to her dearest friend M. Safi i S.H for his full support, attention, motivation and prayers. 10. Particularly for all people that she could not mentioned in this thesis, thanks for everything and helping. May Allah SWT, The Almighty and The Mercifull, blesses them all. The writer realizes that this thesis is still far from being perfect. Therefore, suggestions and criticisms will be accepted for the improvement of this thesis. Medan, April 15 th, 2015 The writer IRMA YANTI 110705011 viii
ABSTRAK Skripsi ini berjudul An Analysis of Accuracy and Naturalness in the Translation Version of Chairil Anwar Poems. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keakuratan dan kealamiahan terjemahan ke empat puisi Chairil Anwar Buat Gadis Rasid, Buat Nyonya N, Biar Malam Kini Lalu dan Puncak yang diterjemahkan oleh Burton Raffel kedalam Bahasa Inggris. Penulis mengaplikasikan teori keakuratan dan ketidakakuratan yang diformulasikan oleh Larson (1984) serta teori kealamiahan dan ketidakalamiahan yang diformulasikan oleh Beekman dan Callow (1989). Penelitian ini dikaji dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data skripsi ini adalah semua kata, frasa dan kalimat yang terdapat di dalam ke empat puisi Chairil Anwar tersebut serta terjemahannya ke dalam Bahasa Inggris. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ditemukan pada puisi 1 : Buat Gadis Rasid yang di terjemahkan oleh Burton Raffel, terdapat 9 data yang akurat dan 9 data yang tidak akurat, kemudian berdasarkan data yang sama terdapat 14 data yang natural dan 3 data yang tidak natural. Pada puisi 2 : Buat Nyonya N yang di terjemahkan oleh Burton Raffel, terdapat 7 data yang akurat dan 9 data yang tidak akurat, kemudian berdasarkan data yang sama terdapat 10 data yang natural dan 5 data yang tidak natural. Pada puisi 3 : Biar Malam Kini Lalu yang di terjemahkan oleh Burton Raffel, terdapat 12 data yang akurat dan 8 data yang tidak akurat, kemudian berdasarkan data yang sama terdapat 12 data yang natural dan 8 data yang tidak natural. Dan pada puisi 4 : Puncak yang di terjemahkan oleh Burton Raffel, terdapat 7 data yang akurat dan 5 data yang tidak akurat, kemudian berdasarkan data yang sama terdapat 8 data yang natural dan 3 data yang tidak natural. Jadi, untuk menjadi seorang penerjemah itu tidaklah mudah, terutama menterjemahkan karya sastra. Kata Kunci : Penerjemahan Sastra, Keakuratan, Ketidakakuratan, Kealamiahan, ketidakalamiahan. ix
ABSTRACT This thesis entitled with An Analysis of Accuracy and Naturalness in the Translation Version of Chairil Anwar Poems. The research is aimed to analyze the accuracy and naturalness in the translation of four Chairil Anwar poems Buat Gadis Rasid, Buat Nyonya N, Biar Malam Kini Lalu and Puncak by Burton Raffel. The writer applies the theoretical frame of accuracy and inaccuray formulated by Larson (1984) as well as the theoritical frame of naturalness and unnaturalness proposed by Beekman and Callow (1989). The research method used in this thesis is Descriptive Qualitative method. The data of this thesis are all words, phrases and sentences in the four of Chairil Anwar poems and their translation into English.After analyzing all of the data, the writer found inpoem 1 : Buat Gadis Rasid that translated by Burton Raffel, there are 9 accuracies data and 9 inaccuracies data, then based on the same data there are 14 naturalness data and 3 unnaturalness data. Moreover in poem 2 : Buat Nyonya N that translated by Burton Raffel, the writer found 7 accuracies data and 9inaccuracis data, besides based on the same data there are 10 naturalness data and 5 unnaturalness data. In addition in poem 3 : Biar Malam Kini Lalu that translated by Burton Raffel, the writer found 12 accuracies data and 8inaccuracis data, then based on the same data there are 12 naturalness data and 8 unnaturalness data. And the last one, in poem 4 : Puncak that translated by Burton Raffel, the writer found 7 accuracies data and 5inaccuracies data, in addition based on the same data there are 8 naturalness data and 3 unnaturalness data. So, It is not an easy work for being a translator, especially in translating literay works. Key words : Literary Translation, Accuracy, Inaccuracy, Naturalness, Unnaturalness. x
TABLE OF CONTENT Author s Declaration... v Copyright Declaration... vi Acknowledgement... vii Abstrak... ix Abstract... x Table of Content... xi List of Table... xiv CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study... 1 1.2 Problem of the Study... 8 1.3 Objective of the Study... 8 1.4 Scope of the Study... 8 1.5 Significance of the Study... 8 CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Literature... 10 2.2 Poetry... 12 2.3 Literary Translation... 13 2.3.1 The Criterions of a Good Literary Translation... 14 xi
2.3.1.1 Accuracy in Translation... 15 2.3.1.1.a Equivalent... 16 2.3.1.2 Naturalness in Translation... 18 2.3.1.3 Clearness in Translation... 21 2.3.2 Poetry Translation... 21 2.4 Relevant Study... 23 CHAPTER IIIMETHODOLOGY 3.1Method of the Study... 27 3.2Data and Source of Data... 27 3.3Technique of Collecting Data... 28 3.4Technique of Analyzing Data... 28 CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND FINDING 4.1 Data Description... 30 4.2Analysis... 30 4.2.1 Poem 1 : Buat Gadis Rasid... 30 4.2.1.1 Accuracy in Buat Gadis Rasid... 30 4.2.1.2 Inaccuracy in Buat Gadis Rasid... 33 4.2.1.3 Naturalness in Buat Gadis Rasid... 36 4.2.1.4 Unnaturalness in Buat Gadis Rasid... 40 xii
4.2.2 Poem 2 : Buat Nyonya N... 41 4.2.2.1 Accuracy in Buat Nyonya N... 41 4.2.2.2 Inaccuracy in Buat Nyonya N... 43 4.2.2.3 Naturalness in Buat Nyonya N... 47 4.2.2.4 Unnaturalness in Buat Nyonya N... 50 4.2.3 Poem 3 : Biar Malam Kini Lalu... 52 4.2.3.1 Accuracy in Biar Malam Kini Lalu... 52 4.2.3.2 Inaccuracy in Biar Malam Kini Lalu... 55 4.2.3.3 Naturalness in Biar Malam Kini Lalu... 57 4.2.3.4 Unnaturalness in Biar Malam Kini Lalu... 61 4.2.4 Poem 4 : Puncak... 64 4.2.4.1 Accuracy in Puncak... 64 4.2.4.2 Inaccuracy in Puncak... 66 4.2.4.3 Naturalness in Puncak... 68 4.2.4.4 Unnaturalness in Puncak... 71 4.3 Finding... 73 CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESSTION 5.1 Conclusion... 79 5.2 Suggestion... 80 REFERENCES... 81 APPENDICES xiii
LIST OF TABLES Table 4.1 : Accuracy in Buat Gadis Rasid... 30 Table 4.2 : Inaccuracy in Buat Gadis Rasid... 33 Table 4.3 : Naturalness in Buat Gadis Rasid... 36 Table 4.4 : Unnaturalness in Buat Gadis Rasid... 40 Table 4.6 : Accuracy in Buat Nyonya N... 41 Table 4.7 : Inaccuracy in Buat Nyonya N... 43 Table 4.8 : Naturalness in Buat Nyonya N... 47 Table 4.9 : Unnaturalness in Buat Nyonya N... 50 Table : 4.11 : Accuracy in Biar Malam Kini Lalu... 52 Table 4.12 : Inaccuracy in Biar Malam Kini Lalu... 55 Table 4.13 : Naturalness in Biar Malam Kini Lalu... 57 Table 4.14 : Unnaturalness in Biar Malam Kini Lalu... 61 Table 4.15 : Accuracy in Puncak... 64 Table 4.16 : Inaccuracy in Puncak... 66 Table 4.17 : Naturalness in Puncak... 68 Table 4.18 : Unnaturalness in Puncak... 71 xiv