KEBIJAKAN ENERGI MIGAS DAN ENERGI ALTERNATIF SATYA W. YUDHA ANGGOTA KOMISI VII FRAKSI PARTAI GOLKAR DPR RI
VISI PEMANFAATAN ENERGI NASIONAL UUD 1945, PASAL 33 Sumber daya alam dikuasai negara dan dipergunakan sebesarbesarnya bagi kemakmuran rakyat. Undang Undang No. 30 Tahun 2007 tentang Energi: Setiap orang berhak untuk memperoleh energi dan merupakan kewajiban pemerintah untuk melakukan pengelolaan sehingga ketersediaan energi dapat terjamin FAKTA: Indonesia sangat kaya akan sumber daya energi migas dari ujung barat sampai ujung timur Nusantara. VISI: Mewujudkan kemandirian dan ketahanan energi nasional.
DASAR HUKUM UU No. 22/2001, tentang MIGAS UU No. 30/2007 tentang ENERGI; UU No. 4/2009 tentang MINERAL DAN BATUBARA UU No. 27/2003 tentang GEOTHERMAL UU No. 30/2009 tentang KETENAGALISTRIKAN UU No. 32/2009 tentang PERLINDUNGAN DAN PENGELOLAAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP UU No. 10/1997 tentang NUKLIR
KEMANDIRIAN ENERGI NASIONAL Jaminan akan ketersediaan supply Ketersediaan infrastruktur dan Jaringan distribusi yang memadai Harga yang terjangkau Sistem Pengelolaan yang raman lingkungan
KETAHANAN ENERGI INNDONESIA Indikator Ketahan Energi suatu Bangsa Diversifikasi sumber energi; Portofolio bahan bakar berbasis noncarbon; Bebas dari ketergantungan impor minyak (source: Asia Pacific Research Centre) Challenges di Indonesia: Ketergantungan terhadap bahan bakar fosil (energi = minyak dan batubara) Keterbatasan infrastruktur Lemahnya peneerapan kebijakan dan koordinasi antar institusi terkait Alokasi subsidi yang masih kurang tepat sasaran
PENDAPATAN SEKTOR MIGAS NASIONAL (Rp triliun) COMPONENT RAPBN 2011 Exercise I. Total Oil & Gas Revenue 209,9 208,6 a. PPh (Tax) Oil & Gas 54,2 53,9 b. Oil & Gas 145,3 144,3 i. Oil 104,7 104,1 ii. Gas 40,5 40,2 c. Non Tax Income (DMO) 10,5 10,4 Asumption: Lifting (ribu bph) 970 970 ICP (US$/barel) 80 80 Exchange Rate (Rp/US$) 9.300 9.250
0,899 0,927 0,931 0,960 0,944 (MBCD) 0,999 0,959 0,965 0,961 1,000 0,970 1,050 1,125 PROYEKSI LIFTING MINYAK V/S ACTUAL Perkembangan ICP dan Lifting Minyak Bulanan Proyeksi ICP dan Lifting Minyak 1,200 1,100 Asumsi ICP Realisasi 120 100 1,000 0,900 0,800 0,700 0,600 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 80 60 40 20 0 (US$/brl) Sumber: Kementerian Keuangan
Subsidi Energi berdasarkan APBN 2011 ARAH KEBIJAKAN KETAHANAN ENERGI NASIONAL BBM Subsidi: 38.59 MioKL (2010:36.77 MioKL) = 95,914 Trillion (IDR) Subsidi Listrik= 41,2 Trillion (IDR) PERLU PERUBAHAN PARADIGMA Bahan Bakar Fosil (Minyak) to Gas (energi yang lebih bersih) Industry follows the Energy Revenue Based to Economic Growth Based Promoting Renewable Energy in the energy mix strategy for 2030 Tantangan; Subsidi tepat sasaran BBM Bersubsidi vs Gas dan Batubara Menetapkan skema harga baru untuk energi Baru dan Terbarukan, seperti Coal Bed Methan, Geothermal, Mikrohydro, nuclear, etc * Mendorong percepatan komersialisasi Gas Metan Batubara/CBM untuk Kelistrikan * Geothermal (Panas Bumi) untuk Ketenagalistrikan (UU No. 27/2003 dan Keppres No. 4/2010 Harga jual Rp. 950 per kwh) * Lesson Learned from Bio Fuel policy
DUKUNGAN DPR TERHADAP ENERGI BARU DAN TERBARUKAN Nuclear Caucus Renewable (Green) Energy Caucus Climate Change Caucus
SOME OF STRATEGIC ISSUES Upstream Oil & Gas: Government should set more competitive contract and fiscal term and other economic policies to attract the investor in oil & gas sector such as development of deep water basin, CBM, Mature field and frontier areas which involve more complex processes, confronting high risks, frontier technology and more complex project financing. In near term, to improve governance upstream management capability, to review the competency of the management of upstream implementing body (BPMIGAS) more efficient and transparent bureaucracy, standard accounting system, Cost recovery mechanism v/s Gross Revenue split
Downstream Oil & Gas: SOME OF STRATEGIC ISSUES Government should develop plan to allow investor to develop more capacity petroleum refineries and storages, LNG Receiving terminal, gas filling station, domestic gas pipeline, and develop city gas infrastructures. To meet domestic demand of energy, government policy especially on energy export should be redirected. The new policy is aimed to provide support for national security of energy supply, to create value added to the domestic economy activities, to achieve more efficient energy consumption in more environmentally responsible manner The policy should include fiscal and tax incentives policies to encourage, the use of alternative fuels such as gas, CBM, biofuels, shale gas Rethink Domestic Gas Price policy