ABSTRACT. Keywords: Gross Profit Analysis and Sales Price. Universitas Kristen Maranatha

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Transkripsi:

ABSTRACT Gross profit analysis is widely used for business purposes. Not only is this analysis useful for indicating the difference in gross profit, it is also mainly used for determining a selling price of a product. As for the scientific research, the writer adopts exploratory and qualitative approaches as well as data collection techniques which include direct obeservation, interview and document assessment. The research itself shows a favorable result in the sense that the achievement of the gross profit in June to September period is strongly related to the analysis stated above even though there is still an unfavorable difference in gross profit between June and July, and August and September. Despite having an unfavorable result, the reasearch ultimately shows a beneficial difference in gross profit during July and August period. Keywords: Gross Profit Analysis and Sales Price. vi

ABSTRAK Analisis laba kotor merupakan analisis yang digunakan untuk mengetahui penyebab terjadinya selisih laba kotor yang pada akhirnya dapat dijadikan alat dalam menetapkan harga jual. Metode penelitian yang penulis gunakan ialah pendekatan kualitatif yang bersifat eksploratif (menjelajah) serta menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data berupa pengamatan langsung, wawancara, dan pengkajian dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pencapaian laba kotor pada periode bulan Juni sampai September cukup stabil dengan metode penetapan harga jual yang telah diterapkan walaupun masih ditemukan adanya selisih laba kotor yang tidak menguntungkan dalam periode Juni & Juli serta Agustus dan September dan selisih laba kotor yang menguntungkan pada periode Juli dan Agustus. Kata-kata Kunci: Analisis Laba Kotor dan Harga Jual vii

DAFTAR ISI Hal HALAMAN JUDUL... HALAMAN PENGESAHAN PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN KARYA TULIS SKRIPSI KATA PENGANTAR... i ii iii iv ABSTRACT... vi ABSTRAK... vii DAFTAR ISI... viii DAFTAR GAMBAR... xi DAFTAR TABEL... xii BAB I PENDAHULUAN... 1 1.1 Latar Belakang Penelitian... 1 1.2 Identifikasi Masalah... 4 1.3 Tujuan Penelitian... 4 1.4 Kegunaan Penelitian... 4 BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA DAN KERANGKA PEMIKIRAN... 6 2.1 Kajian Pustaka 6 2.1.1 Pengertian Umum Yang Berkaitan dengan Harga Jual... 6 2.1.1.1 Pengertian Harga... 6 2.1.1.2 Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Keputusan Penetapan Harga Jual... 6 2.1.1.3 Metode Penetapan Harga Jual... 8 2.1.1.4 Siklus Hidup Penetapan Harga... 9 viii

2.1.1.5 Hubungan Harga Jual dengan Harga Pokok Penjualan 11 2.1.2 Pengertian Umum Yang Berkaitan dengan Laba Kotor... 12 2.1.2.1 Pengertian Hasil Penjualan... 12 2.1.2.2 Pengertian Harga Pokok Produk yang Dijual... 12 2.1.2.3 Pengertian Laba kotor...13 2.1.3 Analisis Laba... 14 2.1.3.1 Peranan Analisis Laba... 14 2.1.3.2 Analisis Laba Kotor (Gross Profit Analysis)...14 2.1.3.2.1 Selisih Laba Kotor... 15 2.1.3.2.2 Manfaat Analisis Laba Kotor... 18 2.1.4 Peranan Analisis Laba Kotor Terhadap Penetapan Harga Jual...18 2.2 Kerangka Pemikiran... 20 BAB III METODE PENELITIAN 3.1 Metode Penelitian... 23 3.2 Teknik Pengumpulan Data... 24 3.3 Responden... 25 3.4 Teknik Pengolahan dan Analisis Data... 25 BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN 4.1 Hasil Penelitian... 27 4.1.1 Sejarah Singkat Perusahaan... 27 4.1.2 Lokasi Perusahaan... 28 4.1.3 Tujuan Perusahaan... 28 4.1.4 Struktur Organisasi... 29 ix

4.2 Pembahasan... 32 4.2.1 Penetapan Harga Jual Perusahaan X... 33 4.2.1.1 Metode Penetapan Harga Jual... 33 4.2.1.2 Total Penjualan... 35 4.2.1.3 Penetapan harga Jual Produk periode Juni 2012... 36 4.2.1.4 Penetapan harga Jual Produk periode Juli 2012... 37 4.2.1.5 Penetapan harga Jual Produk periode Agustus 2012... 38 4.2.1.6 Penetapan harga Jual Produk periode September 2012... 39 4.2.1.7 Faktor-faktor Dalam Penetapan Harga Jual... 39 4.2.2 Analisis Laba Kotor... 40 4.2.2.1 Selisih Penjualan... 41 4.2.2.2 Selisih Harga Pokok Penjualan... 42 4.2.2.3 Selisih Laba Kotor... 43 4.2.2.4 Hasil Analisis Laba Kotor.... 43 4.2.3 Analisis Penetapan Laba Kotor Terhadap Harga Jual... 45 BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN... 49 5.1 Simpulan... 49 5.2 Saran... 51 DAFTAR PUSTAKA 52 RIWAYAT HIDUP... 53 x

DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 1. Kerangka pemikiran... 22 Gambar 2. Bagan Struktur Organisasi Perusahaan X... 30 Hal xi

DAFTAR TABEL Hal Tabel I. Metode Penetapan Harga Jual Perusahaan X Periode Juni September 2012... 33 Tabel II. Laporan Total Penjualan Perusahaan X Periode Juni September 2012... 35 Tabel III. Persentase Laba kotor Perusahaan X Periode Juni 2012... 36 Tabel IV. Persentase Laba kotor Perusahaan X Periode Juli 2012... 37 Tabel V. Persentase Laba kotor Perusahaan X Periode Agustus 2012... 38 Tabel VI. Persentase Laba kotor Perusahaan X Periode September 2012.. 39 Tabel VII. Laporan Laba Rugi Perusahaan X Periode Juni-Sept 2012. 40 Tabel VIII. Kenaikan Penurunan Penjualan Periode Juni-September 20112... 41 Tabel IX. Kenaikan Penurunan HPP Periode Juni-September 2012... 42 Tabel X. Kenaikan Penurunan Laba Kotor Periode Juni-September 2012... 43 Tabel XI. Hasil Analisis Laba Kotor Laba Kotor Periode Juni-Sept 2012... 44 xii