CLASS DIAGRAM. Adapted from Washington Univ s course stuff

Transkripsi

1 CLASS DIAGRAM Adapted from Washington Univ s course stuff

2 Design Phase design: specifying the structure of how a so;ware system will be wri>en and func?on, without actually wri?ng the complete implementa?on a transi?on from "what" the system must do, to "how" the system will do it What classes will we need to implement a system that meets our requirements? What fields and methods will each class have? How will the classes interact with each other?

3 OO Design Class Diagram Sequence Diagram

4 Class diagram Merupakan diagram sta?s: maksudnya hanya menggambarkan struktur dari sistem, tanpa menggambarkan alur atau urutan proses Elemen- elemen yang berhubungan: Class Atribut Method/fungsi Relasi class: Generalisasi Assosiasi Agregasi Composisi

5 Cara Menentukan Klas Textual Analysis (based on Dennis, 2002): Kata benda yang masih umum adalah Klas. Contoh: Komputer, Mahasiswa, Dosen dsb Kata benda yang sudah spesifik adalah Objek. Contoh: Dell, Sony Vaio, HP, Mahasiswa A, Pak Budi Harijanto dsb Kata benda yang merupakan proper? dari kata benda yang lain adalah Atribut. Contoh: Motherboard, Monitor, nim, nama, NIP dsb Behaviour atau fungsi atau proses tau kata kerja merupakan Mehod. Contoh: menmyimpan, menampilkan data, mengerjakan soal dsb Koleksi data menunjukkan ditunjukan dengan Array, List dsbs

6 Diagram Klas

7 Diagram Klas: Modifier akses + à public - à private ~ à default # à protected

8 Diagram Klas: Atribut Contoh + nim: String - ipk: double = 0 atribut ipk) (nilai 0 menunjukkan inisialisasi nilai + spp: int = 1000 (garis bawah menunjukkan atribut klas, kalau di Java kata kunci sta'c)

9 Diagram Klas: Method Contoh + tampil () - tambah(a:int, b:int): int (method tambah memiliki 2 argumen funsgi dan =pe fungsi int, atau akan me- return nilai int) - kurang(a:int, b:int) ( garis bawah menunjukkan method klas, kalau di Java ditandai kata kunci sta'c)

10 Contoh

11 Comments represented as a folded note, a>ached to the appropriate class/method/etc by a dashed line 11

12 Relationships btwn. classes generaliza.on: an inheritance rela?onship inheritance between classes interface implementa?on associa.on: a usage rela?onship dependency aggrega?on composi?on 12

13 Generalization relationships generaliza?on (inheritance) rela?onships hierarchies drawn top- down with arrows poin?ng upward to parent line/arrow styles differ, based on whether parent is a(n): class: solid line, black arrow abstract class: solid line, white arrow interface: dashed line, white arrow we o;en don't draw trivial / obvious generaliza?on rela?onships, such as drawing the Object class as a parent 13

14 Associational relationships associa?onal (usage) rela?onships 1. mul?plicity (how many are used) * 0, 1, or more 1 1 exactly 2..4 between 2 and 4, inclusive 3..* 3 or more 2. name (what rela?onship the objects have) 3. navigability (direc?on) 14

15 Multiplicity of associations n one-to-one n each student must carry exactly one ID card n one-to-many n one rectangle list can contain many rectangles 15

16 Association types aggrega.on: "is part of" symbolized by a clear white diamond composi.on: "is en?rely made of" stronger version of aggrega?on the parts live and die with the whole symbolized by a black diamond 1 1 Car Engine aggregation composition Book 1 * Page dependency: "uses temporarily" symbolized by do>ed line o;en is an implementa?on detail, not an intrinsic part of that object's state Lottery Ticket dependency Random 16

17 Class diagram example 1 17

18 Class diagram example 2 Multiplicity Class Customer 1 Simple Aggregation Abstract Rental Invoice Class Rental Item 1..* Generalization Composition Simple Association DVD Movie VHS Movie Video Game Checkout Screen 18

19 Class diagram example 3 StudentBody + main (args : String[]) Address - streetaddress : String - city : String - state : String - zipcode : long + tostring() : String Student - firstname : String - lastname : String - homeaddress : Address - schooladdress : Address + tostring() : String

20 Tools for creating UML diags. Violet (free) h>p://horstmann.com/violet/ Ra?onal Rose h>p:// Visual Paradigm UML Suite (trial) h>p:// paradigm.com/ (nearly) direct download link: h>p:// paradigm.com/vp/download.jsp?product=vpuml&edi?on=ce StarUML (free) ArgoUML (free) (there are many others, but most are commercial) 20