Defining the Research Problem

Transkripsi

1 Defining the Research Problem Dr. Eko Pujiyanto, S.Si., M.T.

2 Content What Is A Research Problem Signifikansi Masalah Riset Sources Of Problems Steps To Identifying A Research Problem Kriteria Rumusan Masalah Yang Baik An Ilustration

3 Research Process ( Review )

4 What Is A Research Problem?

5 What Is A Research Problem? The identification and analysis a research problem is the first and most crucial step of research process. Defining a research problem is the fuel that drives the scientific process, and is the foundation of any research method and experimental design, from true experiment to case study.

6 What Is A Research Problem?

7 Signifikansi Masalah Riset 1. Perumusan masalah merupakan langkah awal yang menentukan bagi penyusunan mata rantai metodologik berikutnya. 2. Dengan perumusan penelitian yang baik, peneliti dapat mengetahui prognosis penelitian yang akan dilakukan.

8 Signifikansi Masalah Riset 3. Dari rumusan masalah dapat diketahui konfirmasi ketepatan judul dan tujuan penelitian yang ditetapkan. 4. Dari rumusan masalah dapat diketahui seberapa jauh bobot dan orisinal penelitian yang dilakukan.

9 Sources Of Problems 1. Personal experiences of the investigator in the field of education are the main source for identifying suitable problem. 2. The other source of problem which is the extensive study of available literatureresearch abstracts, journals, hand-books of research international abstracts etc.

10 Sources Of Problems 3. In the choice of a suitable problem, the researcher should study the field intensively in the specific area, this may enable him to identify a problem from the specific field. 4. The new innovations, technological changes and developments are constantly bringing new problems and new-opportunities.

11 Sources Of Problems 5. The most practical source of problem is to consult supervisor, experts of the field and most experienced person of the field. 6. It is a general practice that researchers suggest some problems in their research reports.

12 Steps to identifying a research problem 1. Determining the field of research in which a researcher is think clearly to do the research work. 2. The researcher should develop the mastery on the area or it should be the field of his specialization. 3. He should review the researches conducted in area to know the recent trend and studies in the area.

13 Steps to identifying a research problem 4. On the basis of review, he should consider the priority field of the study. 5. He should draw an analogy and insight in identifying a problem or employ his personal experience of the field in locating the problem. 6. He should pin-point specific aspect of the problem which is to be investigated

14 Kriteria Rumusan Masalah Yang Baik 1 Substansi 2 Formulasi 3 Teknis

15 Kriteria Rumusan Masalah Yang Baik Subtansi Masalah bobot atau nilai Masalah orisinalitas penelitian

16 Kriteria Rumusan Masalah Yang Baik Formulasi Pertanyaan yang jelas, tajam dan akurat Mempermasalahkan hubungan antar dua variable atau lebih

17 Kriteria Rumusan Masalah Yang Baik Teknis Masalah kelayakan penelitian itu sendiri. Pertimbangan peneliti Pertimbangan metodologi Pertimbangan Sarana

18 Beberapa Kesalahan Perumusan Masalah Masalah terlampau luas Masalah terlampau sempit Masalah mengandung emosi, prasangka, dan unsur-unsur yang tidak ilmiah

19 An Illustration Why is productivity in Japan so much higher than in India? In this form the question has a number of ambiguities such as: What sort of productivity is being referred to? With what industries the same is related? With what period of time the productivity is being talked about?

20 An Illustration Rethinking and discussions about the problem may result in narrowing down the question to: What factors were responsible for the higher labour productivity of Japan s manufacturing industries during the decade 1971 to 1980 relative to India s manufacturing industries?

21 An Illustration Further rethinking and rephrasing might place the problem on a still better operational basis To what extent did labour productivity in 1971 to 1980 in Japan exceed that of India in respect of 15 selected manufacturing industries? What factors were responsible for the productivity differentials between the two countries by industries?

22 Contoh Perumusan Masalah dari Skripsi Bagaimana menentukan setting level optimal dari faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kuat tekan, laju keausan dan serapan air paving block lapisan atas dengan penambahan limbah lumpur IPAL PDAM.

23 Contoh Perumusan Masalah dari Disertasi ( Pertanyaan riset pada paragraf terakhir sub bab latar belakang ) Berdasar kajian literatur di atas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlu dilakukan pengembangan gipsum Tasikmalaya sebagai bahan dasar bone graft sintetis yang berfungsi sebagai scaffold. Beberapa pertanyaan yang muncul berdasarkan kajian literatur di atas yaitu: 1). bagaimana karakteristik kimia, fisis dan sitotoksisitas secara in vitro HAg?,

24 Contoh Perumusan Masalah dari Disertasi 2). bagaimana proses deposisi serbuk dan sintering digunakan untuk membuat bone graft sintetis yang berfungsi sebagai scaffold (scaffold sintetis)? dan 3). bagaimana karakteristik kimia, porositas, kekuatan tekan dan sitotoksisitas secara in vitro bone graft sintetis yang berfungsi sebagai scaffold (scaffold sintetis)?

25 Contoh Perumusan Masalah dari Disertasi Dalam penelitian ini permasalahan khusus adalah sebagai berikut: Bagaimana melakukan sintesis gipsum lokal Tasikmalaya menjadi serbuk HAg? Bagaimana karakteristik kimia, fisis dan sitotoksisitas secara in vitro serbuk HAg?

26 Contoh Perumusan Masalah dari Disertasi Bagaimana melakukan proses deposisi serbuk dan sintering untuk membuat bone graft sintetis yang berfungsi sebagai scaffold sintetis? Bagaimana karakteristik kimia, porositas, kekuatan tekan dan sitotoksisitas secara in vitro bone graft sintetis yang berfungsi sebagai scaffold sintetis?

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