A BRIEF DESCRIPTION ON TECHNIQUES OF WRITING A SHORT STORY A PAPER BY DINDA ARTIKA REG. NO: 062202048 UNIVERSITY OF NORTH SUMATERA FACULTY OF LETTERS DIPLOMA III ENGLISH PROGRAM STUDY MEDAN 2009
Approved by Supervisor Drs. Yulianus Harefa, MEd TESOL NIP. 131570483 Submitted to Faculty of Letters, University of North Sumatera In partial fulfillment of the requirements for DIPLOMA (D-III) in English. Approved by Head of Department, Dra. Syahyar Hanum, DPFE NIP. 130702287 Approved by the Diploma III English Program Study Faculty of Letters, University of North Sumatera As a Paper for the Diploma (D-III) Examination
Accepted by the Board of Examiner in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the D-III Examination of the Diploma III Program Study, Faculty of Letters, University of North Sumatera. The examination is held on the May 18, 2009 Dean, Drs. Syaifuddin, M.A, Ph.D NIP. 1320981 Board of Supervisor and Reader: Supervisor : Drs. Yulianus Harefa, MEd TESOL Reader : Drs. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S
AUTHOR S DECLARATION I am DINDA ARTIKA, declare that I am the sole of this paper. Except where reference is made in the text of this paper, this paper contains no material published elsewhere or extended in whole or in part from a paper by which I have qualified for or awarded another degree. No other person s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the main text of this paper. This paper has not been submitted for the award of another degree in any tertiary education. Signed : Date :
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION Name : DINDA ARTIKA Title of Paper: A BRIEF DESCRIPTION ON TECHNIQUES OF WRITING A SHORT STORY Qualification : D-III/Ahli Madya Study Program: English Department I am willing that my paper should be available for reproduction at the discretion of the librarian of the Diploma III English Program Faculty of Letters USU on the understanding that users are made aware of their obligation under law of the Republic of Indonesia. Signed : Date :
ABSTRAC Saya sebagai seorang pecinta karya sastra tentu sangat menginginkan bahwa tidak hanya membaca karya-karya seni orang lain tetapi melainkan suatu saat orang lain dapat membaca karya cipta sastra saya sendiri, namun disamping ini semua saya sering kali mengalami kesulitan dan kendala dalam mengenal teknik penulisan cerpen itu sendiri. Maka untuk hal ini semua saya meninginkan agar tidak hanya saya saja yang mampu memahami dan mendalami dari seluruh informasi-informasi yang saya baca, maka untuk itu saya menjadikan persoalan ini sebagai pembahasan saya dalam kertas karya saya ini. Dalam hal ini saya membahas bagaimana para penulis terkemuka menemukan inspirasi mereka, dan juga komitmen yang merupakan suatu sumber kekuatan inspirasi. Disamping itu juga saya juga membahas mengenai pengertian umum cerpen, karakteristik cerpen, unsur-unsur yang yang terdapat di dalam sebuah cerpen, yang di dalamnya terdapat tema, alur atau plot, penokohan, latar atau setting, sudut pandang tokoh, anatomi cerita pendek dan.dalam penulisan kertas karya ini saya melakukan metode library research dan pencarian melalui internet.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank The Almighty Allah SWT, who has given me health and capability to finish this paper as my last assignment to finish my study at Diploma III English Program Study, Faculty of Letters, University of North Sumatera. I also would like to thank the Dean of Faculty of Letters, Drs. Syaifuddin, M A, Ph.D and the Head of Diploma III English Program Study, Dra. Syahyar Hanum, DPFE and my Supervisor Drs. Yulianus Harefa, MEd TESOL for his time, patience, and suggestion, I also would like to thank my Reader Drs. Muhizar Muchtar, M. S., for his time and attention. To my beloved mother Rusilawati, and my beloved father Sunaryo. I would like to express my gratitude for their love, time, material, and supporting during my live. To my sister Yenni, my brother Dian, and my younger sister Sukma, thank you for supporting me in finishing this paper. To my friend at class B and A of the 2006 academic year who can not be mentioned one by one, thank for our friendship while we are in this Faculty. In writing this paper, I found many difficulties. Without any helps and support from all parties, this paper would not be completed. Finally, I hope that this paper would be useful for the readers in the future. Medan, DINDA ARTIKA Reg. No. 062202048
TABLE OF CONTENT AUTHOR S DECLARATION... COPYRIGHT DECLARATION... ABSTRACT... ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS... TABLE OF CONTENTS... i ii iii iv v 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 The Background of the Study... 1 1.2 The Scope of the Study... 2 1.3 The Purpose of the Study... 2 1.4 The Significance of the Study... 2 1.5 The Method of the Study... 3 2. STREED UP INSPIRATION ON PEN TIP 2.1. About Inspiration or Ilham... 4 2.2. Learn from Some Foremost Writer Experience... 5 2.3. Commitment is the Inspiration Source... 7 3. TECHNIQUES OF WRITING A SHORT STORY 3.1. General Meaning of a Short Story... 8 3.2. Characteristic of a Short Story... 11 3.3. Elements of a Short Story... 12 3.3.1 Theme... 12 3.3.2 Plot... 14
3.3.3 Character... 15 3.3.4 Setting... 17 3.3.5 Point of View... 17 3.3.6 Anatomy of Short Story... 19 3.3.7 Final Stage... 20 4. THE SHORT STORY... 23 Father and I (PÄR LAGERKVIST)... 23 The King of Jazz (DONALD BARTHELME)... 28 The Lottery Ticket (ANTON CHEKOV)... 34 5. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 5.1 Conclusion... 41 5.2 Suggestion... 41 REFERENCE... 42