Sistem Konversi Daya Listrik (Rectifier dan Inverter)

Transkripsi

1 DTG1I1 Sistem Konversi Daya Listrik (Rectifier dan Inverter) By Dwi Andi Nurmantris

2 Telecommunication Power system 1. Rectifiers 2. Battery 3. Charge bus 4. Discharge bus 5. Primary Distribution systems 6. Secondary Distribution systems 7. Voltage converters 8. Prime and standby ac power systems 9. Alternating current power distribution system 10.Load equipment 11.Monitoring and control system

3 Tipe Power Converter AC to DC Converter (Rectifier) DC to AC Converter (Inverter) DC to DC Converter AC to AC Converter

4 Elemen dari Power Converter Energy source Sumber input power converter power section Bagian utama yang mengkonversi daya Control system bagian yang melakukan fungsi komparator dan melakukan modifikasi dibagian pulsa trigger pada power section Protective and monitoring device bagian yang melakukan proteksi internap pada perangkat power konverter maupun beban

5 RECTIFIER RECTIFIER adalah alat yang digunakan untuk mengubah sumber arus bolak-balik (AC) menjadi sinyal sumber arus searah (DC).

6 RECTIFIER Rectifiers always are provided in an N + 1 redundant configuration giving a minimum of two rectifiers in any given system Rectifiers are equipped for N + 1 redundancy: N rectifiers are required to serve load and battery recharge requirements and one rectifier is added as a spare

7 RECTIFIER Rectifier Technology Silicon-controlled Rectifier (SCR)/thyristor Controlled ferroresonant transformer Switch-mode rectifiers

8 RECTIFIER Prinsip Rangkaian Penyearah Penyearah Half Wave Penyearah Full Wave Penyearah Bridge π 2π ωt π 2π ωt

9 RECTIFIER Prinsip Rangkaian Penyearah Penyearah Half Wave Penyearah Full Wave Penyearah Bridge

10 RECTIFIER Prinsip Rangkaian Penyearah Penyearah Half Wave Penyearah Full Wave Penyearah Bridge

11 RECTIFIER Prinsip Rangkaian Penyearah Penyearah Half Wave Penyearah Full Wave Penyearah Bridge

12 RECTIFIER Prinsip Rangkaian Penyearah Penyearah Half Wave Penyearah Full Wave Penyearah Bridge + - V 2 I D 3 - R L V o + D 2 V o D 2 on, D 3 on D 1 off, D 4 off t - + I V 2 - D 1 R L V o + D 4 V o D 1 on, D 4 on D 2 off, D 3 off t

13 RECTIFIER Prinsip Rangkaian Penyearah Capacitance output filter

14 RECTIFIER Rectifier Feature Operation Mode (float mode and equalize mode) Load Sharing and Parallel Operation Remote Control Voltage Sensing Temperature-Compensated Charging Rectifier Current Limitation Voltage Regulation Efficiency Power Factor Correction Input Voltage Range High-Voltage Shutdown Visual Indicators and Controls Internal Protection and Control Functions

15 INVERTER INVERTER adalah Rangkaian elektronika daya yang digunakan untuk mengkonversikan tegangan searah (DC) ke suatu tegangan bolak-balik (AC).

16 INVERTER Beberapa Perangkat telekomunikasi tetap membutuhkan catuan AC tanpa boleh terputus pada kondisi ini inverter dibutuhkan Tegangan input inverter bisa 24 volt maupun 48 volt Output inverter paling umum adalah 120 Volt AC, satu phasa, dan 60 Hz A typical 48-V inverter will meet output specifications from 42- to 56-Vdc input, while 24-V inverters typically meet output specifications from 21- to 28-Vdc input Another important requirement of inverters used in the telecommunications environment, one that differentiates them from inexpensive consumer inverters, is the requirement that they provide a relatively distortion-free sine wave output voltage waveform

17 INVERTER Konfigurasi Inverter pada sistem catu daya Passive stanby PLN subagai sumber utama, inverter standby Active stanby Inverter sebagai catuan utama PLN sebagai sumber standby Continuous operation inverter sebagai catuan utama tanpa sistem standby

18 INVERTER Konfigurasi Inverter pada sistem catu daya Passive stanby PLN subagai sumber utama, inverter standby Active stanby Inverter sebagai catuan utama PLN sebagai sumber standby Continuous operation inverter sebagai catuan utama tanpa sistem standby

19 INVERTER Konfigurasi Inverter pada sistem catu daya Passive stanby PLN subagai sumber utama, inverter standby Active stanby Inverter sebagai catuan utama PLN sebagai sumber standby Continuous operation inverter sebagai catuan utama tanpa sistem standby

20 INVERTER Prinsip Rangkaian Inverter Prinsip kerja Contoh Topologi Half-Bridge Full-Bridge Push-pull Three phase Multilevel

21 INVERTER Prinsip Rangkaian Inverter Prinsip kerja Contoh Topologi Half-Bridge Full-Bridge Push-pull Three phase Multilevel V DC S1,S2 ON; S3,S4 OFF for t 1 < t < t 2 S1 S3 + v O S4 S1 S3 v O V DC t t 1 t 2 S2 S3,S4 ON ; S1,S2 OFF for t 2 < t < t 3 v O V DC + v O t 2 t 3 t S4 S2 -V DC

22 INVERTER Prinsip Rangkaian Inverter Prinsip kerja Contoh Topologi Half-Bridge Full-Bridge Push-pull Three phase Multilevel V dc -V dc V 1 V 1 3 INVERTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE FUNDAMENTAL COMPONENT 4VDC π 3 RD HARMONIC Output of the inverter is chopped AC voltage with zero DC component. It contain harmonics. An LC section low-pass filter is normally fitted at the inverter output to reduce the high frequency harmonics. V RD HARMONIC

23 INVERTER Prinsip Rangkaian Inverter Prinsip kerja Contoh Topologi Half-Bridge Full-Bridge Push-pull Three phase Multilevel Half Bridge V s C 1 C 2 S 1 S 2

24 INVERTER Prinsip Rangkaian Inverter Prinsip kerja Contoh Topologi Half-Bridge Full-Bridge Push-pull Three phase Multilevel Full Bridge V s S 1 S 2 S 3 S 4

25 INVERTER Prinsip Rangkaian Inverter Prinsip kerja Contoh Topologi Half-Bridge Full-Bridge Push-pull Three phase Multilevel

26 INVERTER Prinsip Rangkaian Inverter Prinsip kerja Contoh Topologi Half-Bridge Full-Bridge Push-pull Three phase Multilevel

27 INVERTER Prinsip Rangkaian Inverter Prinsip kerja Contoh Topologi Half-Bridge Full-Bridge Push-pull Three phase Multilevel 3-phase 2-level

28 DC-DC Converter Latar Belakang Most telecommunications switching and transmission equipment operates from 48 V but the radio frequency (RF) equipment used in many wireless base stations operates from +24 V Some older RF equipment used in paging and land mobile radio (LMR) installation operates from +12 V Equipment requiring other voltages and polarities has been deployed over the years, for example, +130 Vdc, 130 Vdc, and +48 Vdc If a site has a mixture of equipment, a separate battery plant may be provided for each voltage or polarity but, depending on the load currents, it may be more economical to use dc dc converters instead

29 DC-DC Converter Converters may be used to : o Change voltage (e.g., from +24 Vdc to 48 Vdc) o Change polarity (e.g., from +24 Vdc to 24 Vdc) o Provide voltage stability o Compensate for voltage drop o Relocate power equipment to reduce floor space requirements in the power room o Optimize voltage The dc dc converters in telecommunications applications are similar to switchmode rectifiers and operate on the same basic principles except that the input rectification stage is not needed

30 DC-DC Converter DC-DC converter configuration a battery plant power system DC DC converter system

31 DC-DC Converter DC-DC converter configuration DC DC converter common-bus configuration DC DC converter split-bus configuration

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