Konsep Sistem Operasi (Sesi 2)

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1 Konsep Sistem Operasi (Sesi 2) Oleh: Satrio Yudho Jakarta 2008 Tujuan Memahami karakteristik Sistem Operasi. Memahami Evolusi Sistem Operasi dan perubahan pada setiap generasi. Memahami Struktur Komputer dan beragam Platform. Satiro Yudho 2 Point Of View Evolusi Sistem Operasi... Like humans, operating systems have a character. The character of an operating system is the collection of design ideas, software components and usage policies that you find in its implementation. ( Michael Jipping,2006) Perubahan kebutuhan dan teknologi mendorong Evolusi Sistem Operasi Fakta : Evolusi Unix ( Evolusi Windows ( Apple Computer ( Satiro Yudho (yudho@bl.ac.id) 3 Satiro Yudho (yudho@bl.ac.id) 4 1

2 Moore s Law Technology Drivers of Infrastructure Evolution the power of microprocessors doubles every 18 months (Tuomi, 2002); computing power doubles every 18 months; the price of computing falls by half every 18 months. Moore s Law Cont d Diagram mengenai jumlah transistor pada setiap chip dan satuan kecepatan perjutaan detik (MIPS) Satiro Yudho (yudho@bl.ac.id) 5 Satiro Yudho (yudho@bl.ac.id) 6 Moore s Law Cont d Semakin banyak transistor semakin cepat kekuatan pemrosesan Struktur kernel Kernel merupakan inti dari Sistem Operasi The core programs and data of an operating system together comprise the kernel (Michael Jipping, 2006) terdapat beberapa jenis kernel yaitu, monolithic kernel, microkernel dan Hybrid kernel. Satiro Yudho (yudho@bl.ac.id) 7 Satiro Yudho (yudho@bl.ac.id) 8 2

3 Monolithic Kernel, digunakan pada general purpose computer dengan menerapkan seluruh fungsi OS dan Abstraksi(objek) hardware dalam kernel itu sendiri. Microkernel, hanya terdiri dari sekumpulan kecil dari fungsi dari sistem dan model hardware. Satiro Yudho 9 Satiro Yudho 10 Hybrid Kernel, tidak jauh berbeda dengan Microkernel, kecuali pada penambahan fungsi eksternal dengan tujuan peningkatan performa. Interrupts An interrupt is like the ringing of a telephone: it is an event that is designed to get the attention of hardware, software or both. Satiro Yudho (yudho@bl.ac.id) 11 Satiro Yudho (yudho@bl.ac.id) 12 3

4 Interrupts Cont d. Processes Process is program in execution (Silberschatz, 2006) An operating system that allows multiple processes to run in this manner is said to support multitasking. Multithreading, is different from multitasking in that multiple threads of control execute within the memory space of a single process. (Michael Jipping, 2006) Satiro Yudho (yudho@bl.ac.id) 13 Satiro Yudho (yudho@bl.ac.id) 14 Device I/O Device I/O Cont d. A computer system without devices is not very useful. (Michael Jipping, 2006) Diagram Of Syncrhonous communication Diagram Of Asynchronous Communication Satiro Yudho (yudho@bl.ac.id) 15 Satiro Yudho (yudho@bl.ac.id) 16 4

5 Storage Structures The core computing cycle is very dependent on storage. Hardware Access and Protection If resources are shared, all applications can appear to execute at the same time and are presented with the illusion that they are the only application running on the computer system.. Satiro Yudho 17 Satiro Yudho 18 Hardware Access and Protection Hardware Access and Protection Sharing network serially Sharing network concurently Satiro Yudho 19 Satiro Yudho 20 5

6 Protection modes two separate ways of operating: the operating system needs a privileged mode and other programs need a user mode of operation Privileged-mode operation allows a program to do tasks only the operating system should do. Protecting memory setiap program yang berjalan harus diproteksi, begitu juga memory, memory merupakan resource yang harus diawasi penggunaanya dengan batasan tertentu Satiro Yudho (yudho@bl.ac.id) 21 Satiro Yudho (yudho@bl.ac.id) 22 Protecting the CPU semakin banyak program yang berjalan pada saat yang hampir bersamaan, maka CPU pasti digunakan bersama sama Different Platforms OS/360 and MVS The IBM OS/360 line of mainframe computers was developed ahead of the operating systems that were to run on them. Unix and Linux The kernel is a monolithic kernel. Symbian OS Symbian OS is unique among operating systems in the sense that it was designed from its inception with smartphones as the target platform. Satiro Yudho (yudho@bl.ac.id) 23 Satiro Yudho (yudho@bl.ac.id) 24 6

7 Summary Dalam implemetasi, Sistem Operasi menggunakan beberapa komponen seperti Kernel, process, protection, dan device I/O. Interupt, digunakan sebagai trigger untuk menghubungkan komunikasi antara software dan hardware melalui fungsi yang tersedia. Penutup Thank You For Your Attending All Course material are available at Satiro Yudho 25 Satiro Yudho 26 7