ADJECTIVES & COMPARING

Transkripsi

1 ADJECTIVES & COMPARING EQUATIVE DEGREE: To compare two objects with similar characteristics, the pattern for the complete sentence is: Object A se~ + adjective Object B For example: Kota Jakarta sebesar Kota New York Jakarta is as large as New York When coupled with an adjective, the prefix se~ indicates that the two objects being compared equally share the characteristic defined by that adjective. COMPARATIVE DEGREE: To compare the degree of difference in two objects with similar characteristics, the pattern for the complete sentence is: For example: Object A lebih + adjective daripada Object B Kota Jakarta lebih besar daripada Kota Surabaya. Jakarta is larger than Surabaya. When preceding an adjective, the word lebih indicates that one of the objects being compared exceeds the other in the characteristic defined by that adjective. SUPERLATIVE DEGREE: To compare the degree of difference in more than two objects with similar characteristics, the pattern for the complete sentence is: SUBJECT PREDICATE Object adalah +noun + yang paling + adjective or Object adalah +noun + yang ter~ + adjective

2 For example: SUBJECT PREDICATE Kota Tokyo adalah kota yang paling besar di dunia. terbesar di dunia. Kota Tokyo is the city which is the largest in the world. When coupled with or attached to an adjective, the word paling or the prefix ter~ indicate that the object named exceeds all other similar objects in the characteristic defined by that adjective. In both these structures it is important to note that there is no Indonesian equivalent to the English linking verb is. Exercises 1. Complete the table below with information on your school in Australia and then use that information to write sentences in Indonesian comparing your school and SMP Harapan Bangsa. The first sentence has been completed for you. Kategori Universitas Indonesia Universitas Queensland Didirikan Tahun 1849 Tahun 1909 Jumlah mahasiswa orang orang Ranking sedunia ke-236 ke-81 lebih besar Universitas Queensland di Brisbane lebih kecil daripada Universitas Indonesia di Jakarta. lebih tua lebih moderen lebih tinggi rankingnya lebih banyak mahasiswanya

3 2. Use your knowledge of the se~ + adjective, lebih + adjective or yang paling + adjective structures to complete the following activities. I. Describe the size of the following two balls in relation to each other. Bola A Bola B II. Read the descriptions of the four balls below then label each of the balls based on the clues provided. Bola. Bola. Bola. Bola. Bola C lebih besar daripada Bola A tetapi lebih kecil daripada Bola D. Bola B lebih kecil daripada Bola D. Bola A lebih kecil daripada Bola D tetapi lebih besar daripada Bola B. Bola D lebih besar daripada Bola C. Now use the yang paling + adjective structure to write two sentences stating which of the balls is the largest and which of the balls is the smallest. Bola Bola

4 III. Read the descriptions of the four suitcases below then label each of the balls based on the clues provided. 25 kilogram 18 kilogram 15 kilogram 20 kilogram Koper. Koper. Koper. Koper. Koper A lebih berat daripada Koper C tetapi lebih ringan daripada Koper B. Koper D lebih ringan daripada Koper A. Koper B lebih berat daripada Koper D. Kopor C lebih ringan daripada Koper A tetapi lebih berat daripada Koper D. Now use the price information below and the se~ + adjective, lebih + adjective or yang paling + adjective structures to write sentences comparing the how expensive the four suitcases are in relation to each other. A sample sentence has been completed for you. Koper A B C D Harga Rp ,- Rp ,- Rp ,- Rp ,- Koper A lebih mahal daripada Koper B, Koper C dan Koper D. 3. The following map illustrates the four main modes of transport between Indonesia s two largest cities, Jakarta and Surabaya. Below the map is a table outlining the travel times and the cost of travel between the two cities using the four modes of transport. Use the information in the table to compare the travel times and cost involved in traveling from Jakarta to Surabaya. A sample sentence has been completed for you.

5 Pengankutan Jakarta Ke Surabaya Naik Harga Lama Perjalanan Pesawat terbang Rp ,- 1 1/2 jam Kapal laut Rp ,- 3 hari Kareta api Rp ,- 15 jam Bis antarkota Rp ,- 15 jam Naik kapal laut dari Jakarta ke Surabaya lebih lama daripada naik pesawat terbang.