Interfacing. Materi 5: LCD and Keyboard Interfacing. Disusun Oleh: I Nyoman Kusuma Wardana

Transkripsi

1 Interfacing Materi 5: LCD and Keyboard Interfacing Disusun Oleh: I Nyoman Kusuma Wardana

2 Outline LCD Interfacing Keyboard Interfacing Workshop Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

3 LCD Interfacing Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

4 LCD Interfacing LCD mulai saat ini telah banyak digunakan dan mulai menggeser penggunaan LED (seven segment atau multi segment yg lain) dgn bbrp alasan berikut: 1. Harga LCD yg mulai terjangkau 2. Kemampuannya dlm menampilkan angka, karakter, dan gambar 3. Meringankan beban CPU dlm me-refresh tampilan 4. Mudah dlm memprogram karakter & gambar Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

5 Beberapa jenis LCD: LCD Interfacing 2 x 40 character LCD 1 x 16 character LCD 2 x 16 character LCD 5

6 Fungsi Pin LCD: LCD Interfacing Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

7 LCD Interfacing VCC, VSS, VEE VSS tersambung ground sdgkan VCC/VDD ke +5V RS (Register Select) Jika RS = 0: memungkinakan user mengirim perintah ke LCD (misal clear) Jika RS = 1: memungkinkan user mengirim data utk ditampilkan Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

8 LCD Interfacing R/W (Read/Write) Memungkinkan user utk menulis dan membaca informasi R/W = 1 : membaca R/W = 0 : menulis Enable Latch info dlm LCD Pulsa min 450ns diaplikasikan ke LCD ketika mengirim data Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

9 D0-D7 LCD Interfacing 8-bit data pin mengirim dan membaca data Karakter ASCII : A-Z, a-z dan 0-9, dgn RS =1 Antarmuka LCD pd AVR ada 2 cara: 8-bit 4-bit Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

10 LCD Interfacing Sending Commands and Data to LCD Berikut langkah utk mengirim data dan perintah pd LCD: 1. Inisialisasi LCD 2. Kirim brbagai command brdasarkn tabel di atas 3. Kirim karakter yg akan ditampilkan ke LCD Langkah 2 dan 3 dpt dilakukan berulang kali Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

11 Inisialisasi LCD LCD Interfacing Berdasarkan tabel LCD command, Utk menginisialisasi 8-bit LCD 5 x 7, diperlukan urutan perintah berikut: 0x38, 0x0E, 0x01 Setelah LCD di power-up tunggu sekitar 15 ms sblm diinisialisasi Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

12 LCD Interfacing Mengirim Data ke LCD Langkah 2 nya sbb: 1. Utk mengirim data buat RS = 1 dan R/W = 0 2. Tempatkan data ke data pin (D0-D7) 3. Kirim pulsa high-to-low ke pin E (Enable) utk mengaktifkan internal lacth pd LCD 4. Stelah mengirim data tunggu 100µs utk memberi ksempatan modul LCD menampilkan data ke screen LCD Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

13 LCD Interfacing Contoh Program utk mengirim Data: void lcddata (unsigned char data) { LCD_DPRT = data; //kirim data ke data port LCD_CPRT = (1<<LCD_RS); //RS = 1 utk data LCD_CPRT &= ~(1<<LCD_RW); //RW = 0 utk write LCD_CPRT = (1<<LCD_EN); //EN = 1 utk pulsa H-to-L delay_us(1); //tunggu sebentar utk enable LCD_CPRT &= ~(1<<LCD_EN); //EN = 0 utk pulsa H-to-L delay_us(100); //tunggu sebentar utk enable } Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

14 LCD Interfacing Contoh Program utk mengirim Command: void lcdcommand (unsigned char cmnd) { LCD_DPRT = cmnd; //kirim command ke data port LCD_CPRT &= ~(1<<LCD_RS); //RS = 0 utk command LCD_CPRT &= ~(1<<LCD_RW); //RW = 0 utk write LCD_CPRT = (1<<LCD_EN); //EN = 1 utk pulsa H-to-L delay_us(1); //tunggu sebentar utk enable LCD_CPRT &= ~(1<<LCD_EN); //EN = 0 utk pulsa H-to-L delay_us(100); } Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

16 LCD Interfacing Mengirim 4-bit Kode atau Data Pd bbrp kasus, akan lebih menguntungkan utk mengirimkan data hanya 4-bit Hal ini utk menghemat penggunaan Pin Ingat, inisialisasi akan berbeda dr 8-bit Utk menginisialisasi kirim scr berurutan: 33, 32 dan 28 (hex) Kita menggunakan high nibble Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

18 LCD Interfacing Utk menginisialisasi kirim scr berurutan: 33, 32 dan 28 (hex) Ini utk mengatakan ke LCD bahwa mode yg akan dipakai adlh 4-bit data Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

19 LCD Interfacing Konfigurasi 4-bit single Port: Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

20 LCD Interfacing Timing Diagram LCD Kusuma timing Wardana diagram - Interfacing utk bit data 20

21 LCD Interfacing LCD timing diagram utk 4-bit data Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

22 Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

24 LCD Interfacing DD (Display Data) RAM address location: Dimana utk 20 x 2 LCD: XXXXXXXX = s/d (line 1) XXXXXXXX = s/d (line 2) Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

25 LCD Interfacing DD (Display Data) RAM address location: Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

26 LCD Interfacing Contoh: Berapakah alamat dr kursor berikut jika menggunakan LCD 20x4? a) Line 1, kolom 1 b) Line 2, kolom 1 c) Line 3, kolom 2 d) Line 4, kolom 3 Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

27 LCD Interfacing Jawab: a) 80 b) C0 c) 95 d) D6 Berapakah alamat dr kursor berikut jika menggunakan LCD 20x4? a) Line 1, kolom 1 b) Line 2, kolom 1 c) Line 3, kolom 2 d) Line 4, kolom 3 27

28 LCD Programming in C Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

29 LCD Programming in C Buatlah program utk mengirim kalimat ke LCD menggunakan 8-bit data dgn skematik berikut: Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

31 LCD Programming in C #include <mega16.h> #include <delay.h> #define LCD_DPRT PORTD #define LCD_DDDR DDRD #define LCD_DPIN PIND #define LCD_CPRT PORTC #define LCD_CDDR DDRC #define LCD_CPIN PINC #define LCD_RS 0 #define LCD_RW 1 #define LCD_EN 2 //LCD data port //LCD data DDR //LCD data Pin //LCD command Port //LCD command DDR //LCD command Pin //LCD RS //LCD RW //LCD EN Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

32 LCD Programming in C Subrutin utk pengiriman perintah (command) //*********************************************************** void lcdcommand (unsigned char cmnd) { LCD_DPRT = cmnd; //kirim command ke data port LCD_CPRT &= ~(1<<LCD_RS); //RS = 0 utk command LCD_CPRT &= ~(1<<LCD_RW); //RW = 0 utk write LCD_CPRT = (1<<LCD_EN); //EN = 1 utk pulsa H-to-L delay_us(1); //tunggu sebentar utk enable LCD_CPRT &= ~(1<<LCD_EN); //EN = 0 utk pulsa H-to-L delay_us(100); } Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

33 LCD Programming in C Subrutin utk pengiriman data //*********************************************************** void lcddata (unsigned char data) { LCD_DPRT = cmnd; //kirim command ke data port LCD_CPRT = (1<<LCD_RS); //RS = 1 utk data LCD_CPRT &= ~(1<<LCD_RW); //RW = 0 utk write LCD_CPRT = (1<<LCD_EN); //EN = 1 utk pulsa H-to-L delay_us(1); //tunggu sebentar utk enable LCD_CPRT &= ~(1<<LCD_EN); //EN = 0 utk pulsa H-to-L delay_us(100); } Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

34 LCD Programming in C Subrutin utk inisialisasi LCD //*********************************************************** void lcd_init() { LCD_DDDR = 0xFF; LCD_CDDR = 0xFF; } LCD_CPRT &= ~(1<<LCD_EN); //LCD EN = 0 delay_us(2000); //tunggu utk inisialisasi lcdcommand(0x38); //init LCD 2 line lcdcommand(0x0e); //display on, cursor on delay_us(2000); //tunggu bentar lcdcommand(0x06); //shift kursor ke kanan Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

35 Subrutin utk posisi kursor dan menulis data //*********************************************************** void lcd_gotoxy(unsigned char x, unsigned char y) { unsigned char almtkarakterpertama[]={0x80,0xc0,0x94,0xd4}; //lihat tabel lcdcommand(almtkarakterpertama[y-1] + x - 1); delay_us(100); } //*********************************************************** void lcd_print(char * str) { unsigned char i = 0; while(str[i]!= 0) { lcddata(str[i]); i++; } } 35

36 LCD Programming in C Program utama //*********************************************************** void main(void) { lcd_init(); lcd_gotoxy(1,1); lcd_print("aku pasti bisa!"); lcd_gotoxy(1,2); lcd_print("yakin!"); } while(1); // diam di sini selamanya Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

37 LCD Programming in C Buatlah program utk mengirim kalimat ke LCD menggunakan 4-bit data dgn skematik berikut: Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

39 LCD Programming in C #include <mega16.h> #include <delay.h> #define LCD_DPRT PORTD #define LCD_DDDR DDRD #define LCD_DPIN PIND #define LCD_CPRT PORTC #define LCD_CDDR DDRC #define LCD_CPIN PINC #define LCD_RS 0 #define LCD_RW 1 #define LCD_EN 2 //LCD data port //LCD data DDR //LCD data Pin //LCD command Port //LCD command DDR //LCD command Pin //LCD RS //LCD RW //LCD EN Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

40 LCD Programming in C Subrutin utk pengiriman perintah (command) void lcdcommand (unsigned char cmnd) { LCD_DPRT = cmnd & 0xF0; //kirim high nibble LCD_CPRT &= ~(1<<LCD_RS); //RS = 0 utk command LCD_CPRT &= ~(1<<LCD_RW); //RW = 0 utk write LCD_CPRT = (1<<LCD_EN); //EN = 1 utk pulsa H-to-L delay_us(1); //tunggu sebentar utk enable LCD_CPRT &= ~(1<<LCD_EN); //EN = 0 utk pulsa H-to-L delay_us(100); LCD_DPRT = cmnd<<4; //kirim low nibble LCD_CPRT = (1<<LCD_EN); //EN = 1 utk pulsa H-to-L delay_us(1); LCD_CPRT &= ~(1<<LCD_EN); //EN = 0 utk pulsa H-to-L delay_us(100); } Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

41 LCD Programming in C Subrutin utk pengiriman data //*********************************************************** void lcddata (unsigned char data) { } LCD_DPRT = data & 0xF0; //kirim high nibble LCD_CPRT = (1<<LCD_RS); //RS = 1 utk data LCD_CPRT &= ~(1<<LCD_RW); //RW = 0 utk write LCD_CPRT = (1<<LCD_EN); //EN = 1 utk pulsa H-to-L delay_us(1); //tunggu sebentar utk enable LCD_CPRT &= ~(1<<LCD_EN); //EN = 0 utk pulsa H-to-L delay_us(100); LCD_DPRT = data<<4; //kirim low nibble LCD_CPRT = (1<<LCD_EN); //EN = 1 utk pulsa H-to-L delay_us(1); LCD_CPRT &= ~(1<<LCD_EN); //EN = 0 utk pulsa H-to-L delay_us(100); Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

42 LCD Programming in C Subrutin utk inisialisasi LCD void lcd_init() { LCD_DDDR = 0xFF; LCD_CDDR = 0xFF; } LCD_CPRT &= ~(1<<LCD_EN); //LCD EN = 0 lcdcommand(0x33); //kirim $33 utk init lcdcommand(0x32); //kirim $32 utk init lcdcommand(0x28); //init LCD 2 line lcdcommand(0x0e); //display on, cursor on lcdcommand(0x01); //clear LCD delay_us(2000); //tunggu utk inisialisasi lcdcommand(0x06); //shift kursor ke kanan Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

43 Subrutin utk posisi kursor dan menulis data //*********************************************************** void lcd_gotoxy(unsigned char x, unsigned char y) { unsigned char almtkarakterpertama[]={0x80,0xc0,0x94,0xd4}; //lihat tabel lcdcommand(almtkarakterpertama[y-1] + x - 1); delay_us(100); } //*********************************************************** void lcd_print(char * str) { unsigned char i = 0; while(str[i]!= 0) { lcddata(str[i]); i++; } } 43

44 LCD Programming in C Program utama //*********************************************************** void main(void) { lcd_init(); lcd_gotoxy(1,1); lcd_print("aku pasti bisa!"); lcd_gotoxy(1,2); lcd_print("yakin!"); } while(1); // diam di sini selamanya Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

45 LCD Programming in C Bagaimana jika menggunakan library?! Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing

46 LCD Programming in C Jauh lebih sederhana, tapi. Menghilangkan detil program #include <mega16.h> #asm.equ lcd_port=0x15 #endasm #include <lcd.h> void main(void) { lcd_init(16); lcd_gotoxy(0,0); lcd_putsf("aku pasti Bisa"); lcd_gotoxy(0,1); lcd_putsf("yakin!"); while(1); } 46

47 Daftar Pustaka Daniel J.Pack and Steven F.Barrettt, 2008, Atmel AVR Microcontroller Primer: Programming and Interfacing, Morgan & Claypool Publisher Mazidi, Naimi and Naimi, 2011, The AVR Microcontroller and Embedded System: Using Assembly and C, Prentice Hall AVR ATmega16 Manual, Atmel Corporation Kusuma Wardana - Interfacing