- 211d Tutor: Rosnaeni, Dra, Apt

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2 ABSTRACT The Effect of Illfusion of Mellirall Herb (Phyllanthus Iliruri L) on Diuresis of Adult Men Windy Krisanti K.D., r'tutor : Sugiarto Puradisastra, dr - 211d Tutor: Rosnaeni, Dra, Apt Hypertension is one (~lthe primary health problems. One (~lthe medicines that can be used in hypertension therapy is diuretic that has many contraindicatio!1.\' and side effects for the users. A4eniran (Phyllanthus niruri L.) is one of the medicinal plants that grows in Indonesia and it is believed to have diuretic effect. So, men iran can be used as an alternative medicine for patients with hypertension. 771e()~jective of this trial is to find out the diuretic effect of men iran herb il?fusion in adult men. This trial was the real experiments and used cross over design. Subjects (if the trial consist (~l12 adult men aged years old. Each subject was given three treatments, which were drinking aquadest, furosemid and men iran herb infusion. The data was urine volume that was measured every hour fhr 5 hours. 7'lze result of the trial was tested with ANOVA Repeated Measurement and Tukey's mean d(fferent test with a = (J,05. From the trial, the mean urine volume (~rthe group that had been given with aquadest showed sign(ficant differences compared with the group ofjilrosemide and men iran herb infusion (p < 0,01). '{he conclusion from this trial is that the infusion of men iran herb has the diuretic effect. v

3 DAFT AR ISI JUDUL LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN LEMBAR PERNYATAAN ABSTRAK ABST1G4C'?' PRAKATA DAFTAR ISI DAFTAR TABEL DAFTAR GAMBAR DAFTAR GRAFIK DAFTAR LAMPIRAN i ii iii iv v vi viii xii xiii xiv xv BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1. 1 Latar Belakang Identifikasi Masalah Maksud dan Tujuan Penelitian Kegunaan Penelitian Kegunaan Akademis Kegunaan Praktis Kerangka Pemikiran dan Hipotesis Penelitian Metodologi Penelitian Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian 4 BAB II TINJAUAN PUST AKA 2. 1 Gin j al Anatomi Ginjal Struktur o.injal secara Makroskopis 5 V111

4 IX Struktur Ginjal secara Mikroskopis Suplai Darah GinjaJ Fisiologis Ginjal Sistem Renin-Angiotensin Pembentukan Urin dalam Ginjal FiItrasi oleh Glomerulus Tubulus Proksima Ansa Henle Tubulus Distal dan Tubulus Kotigentes Di ureti k Definisi Diuretik Penggolongan Diuretik Diuretik Osmotik Penghambat Karbonik Anhidrase Benzotiazid Diuretik Hemat Kalium Diuretik Kuat Penggunaan Diuretik Edema Hipertensi Diabetes Insipidus Batu Ginjal (Nefrolitiasis) Efek Samping Diuretik Hipokalemia Hiperurisemia Gangguan Toleransi Glukosa dan Diabetes Hiperkalsemia Hiponatremia Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn. ) Penyebaran 21

5 x Taksonomi dan Morfologi Kandungan Kimia Manfaat Meniran Toksisitas Mekanisme Kerja 24 BAB III BAHAN DAN METODE 3.1 Subjek Penelitian Alat dan Bahan yang Digunakan Metode Penelitian Desain Penelitian Variabel Perlakuan dan Variabel Respon Prosedur Penelitian Pembuatan Infusa Persiapan Sebelum Tes Prosedur Penelitian Diuresis Metode Analisis 29 BAB IV HASIL, PEMBAHASAN, DAN PENGUJIAN HIPOTESIS 4. 1 Hasi1Percobaan Pembahasan Pengujian Hipotesis Penelitian 33 BABV KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN 5.1 Kesimpulan Saran 34

6 XI DAFTAR PUSTAKA 35 LAM.PIRAN 37 RIWAYAT HIDUP 46

7 DAFTAR TABEL Tabel 2.1 Perbandingan Kadar Kalium Tanamanl Buah yang Berefek Diuretik 24 Tabel 4.1 Volume Urin Rata-rata, Standar Deviasi, Nilai Minimum, clan Nilai Maksimum 30 Tabel 4.2 Perbandingan Volume Rata - rata Urin dari Ketiga Kelompok Perlakuan Berdasarkan Uji ANOVA 31 Tabel 4.3 Uji Beda Rata-rata Tukey HSD 31 XlI

8 DAFT AR GAMBAR Gambar 2.1 Anatomi Ginjal Manusia 5 Gambar 2.2 Skema Nefron 7 Gambar 2.3 Sistem Renin-Angiotensin 9 Gambar 2.4 Skema Tubulus Proksimal 12 Gambar 2.5 Skema Bagian Tebal Ansa Henle Asenden 13 Gambar 2.6 Skema Tubulus Distal 14 Gambar 2.7 Herba Meniran 21 X1I1

9 DAFT AR GRAFIK Grafik 4.1 Perbandingan Volume Urin Rata-rata Tiap Jam Pada Ketiga Kelompok Perlakuan 32 XIV

10 DAFT AR LAMPIRAN Lampiran 1 Hasil Percobaan 37 Lampiran 2 Hasil Uji Statistik dengan Menggunakan Program SPSS Lampiran 3 Surat Persetujuan dari Subjek Penelitian 40 xv