Dimasukkan ke dalam ultrasonic bath selama ± 1 jam

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Shinta Tan
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1 Lampiran 1 Alur Penelitian Pembuatan gel kitosan nanopartikel 1 gram kitosan Dilarutkan dengan larutan asam asetat 1% Diaduk dengan stirer Larutan kitosan Ditetesi dengan ±20 tetes TPP Gel kitosan Dimasukkan ke dalam ultrasonic bath selama ± 1 jam Gel kitosan nanopartikel

2 Persiapan, perlakuan dan, pengujian sampel 24 buah gigi molar Pemotongan akar gigi Bagian mahkota gigi dipotong menjadi empat bagian dalam arah mesial-distal dan bukal-lingual Kelompok I 6 sampel Kontrol Kelompok II 6 sampel Larutan demineralisasi Kelompok III 6 sampel Larutan demineralisasi Gel CPP-ACP Kelompok IV 6 sampel Larutan demineralisasi Kombinasi gel CPP-ACP dan kitosan nanopartikel Inkubasi dalam saliva buatan Thermocycling Pengujian sampel dengan SEM dan EDS Pencatatan hasil dan analisa data

3 Pembuatan kombinasi gel kitosan nanopartikel dan CPP-ACP 1 gram kitosan Dilarutkan dengan larutan asam asetat 1% Diaduk dengan stirrer Larutan kitosan Ditetesi dengan ±20 tetes TPP Gel kitosan Dimasukkan ke dalam ultrasonic bath selama ± 1 jam Gel kitosan nanopartikel Pencampuran gel kitosan dengan CPP-ACP dengan perbandingan 1:1

4 Lampiran 2 Analisa data Tests of Normality Kelomp ok Kolmogorov-Smirnov a Shapiro-Wilk Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig. Ca A * B * C * D * P A * B * C * D * a. Lilliefors Significance Correction *. This is a lower bound of the true significance. OUTPUT ANALISA STATISTIK SPSS VERS.17 HASIL UJI ANALISA DESKRIPTIF Descriptives KELOMPOK Statistic Std. Error Ca Lower Bound Upper Bound % Trimmed Median

5 Variance Std. Deviation Minimum Maximum Range 4.30 Interquartile Range 3.70 Skewness Kurtosis Lower Bound Upper Bound % Trimmed Median Variance Std. Deviation Minimum Maximum Range 4.62 Interquartile Range 3.03 Skewness Kurtosis Lower Bound Upper Bound % Trimmed Median Variance Std. Deviation

6 Minimum Maximum Range 4.00 Interquartile Range 2.36 Skewness Kurtosis Lower Bound Upper Bound % Trimmed Median Variance Std. Deviation Minimum Maximum Range 3.45 Interquartile Range 2.32 Skewness Kurtosis P Lower Bound Upper Bound % Trimmed Median Variance Std. Deviation Minimum Maximum 19.34

7 Range 3.13 Interquartile Range 2.50 Skewness Kurtosis Lower Bound Upper Bound % Trimmed Median Variance Std. Deviation Minimum Maximum Range 3.11 Interquartile Range 2.32 Skewness Kurtosis Lower Bound Upper Bound % Trimmed Median Variance Std. Deviation Minimum Maximum Range 2.68 Interquartile Range 1.68 Skewness

8 Kurtosis Lower Bound Upper Bound % Trimmed Median Variance Std. Deviation Minimum Maximum Range 2.55 Interquartile Range 1.67 Skewness Kurtosis HASIL UJI ONE-WAY ANOVA ANOVA Sum of Squares df Square F Sig. Ca Between Groups Within Groups Total P Between Groups Within Groups Total ** signiificant at α <0.05 RATCaP Sum of Squares df Square F Sig.

9 Between Groups Within Groups Total at α <0.05 ** signiif icant HASIL UJI POS HOC ANALYSIS (BONFERRONI / TUKEY) Multiple Comparisons 95% Confidence Interval Dependent (I) (J) Lower Upper Variable KEL KEL Difference (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Bound Bound Ca Tukey HSD * * * * * * *

10 * Bonferroni * * * * * * P Tukey HSD Bonferroni

11 *. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level. Dependent Variable:RATCaP Multiple Comparisons 95% Confidence Interval (I) (J) Difference Lower KEL KEL (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Bound Upper Bound Tukey HSD * * * * * *

12 * * * * LSD * * * * * * * * * * Bonferroni * * * * * * * * * *

13 *. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level. Descriptives KELOMPOK Statistic Std. Error C Lower Bound Upper Bound % Trimmed Median Variance.400 Std. Deviation Minimum 7.08 Maximum 8.65 Range 1.57 Interquartile Range 1.14 Skewness Kurtosis Lower Bound Upper Bound % Trimmed Median Variance.453 Std. Deviation Minimum 8.88 Maximum Range 1.82

14 Interquartile Range.96 Skewness Kurtosis Lower Bound Upper Bound % Trimmed Median Variance.071 Std. Deviation Minimum 8.15 Maximum 8.80 Range.65 Interquartile Range.54 Skewness Kurtosis Lower Bound Upper Bound % Trimmed Median Variance.045 Std. Deviation Minimum 8.28 Maximum 8.80 Range.52 Interquartile Range.41 Skewness

15 Kurtosis O Lower Bound Upper Bound % Trimmed Median Variance Std. Deviation Minimum Maximum Range 7.17 Interquartile Range 4.90 Skewness Kurtosis Lower Bound Upper Bound % Trimmed Median Variance Std. Deviation Minimum Maximum Range 8.11 Interquartile Range 4.95 Skewness Kurtosis Lower Bound

16 Upper Bound % Trimmed Median Variance Std. Deviation Minimum Maximum Range 6.55 Interquartile Range 3.93 Skewness Kurtosis Lower Bound Upper Bound % Trimmed Median Variance Std. Deviation Minimum Maximum Range 5.58 Interquartile Range 3.93 Skewness Kurtosis

17 Tests of Normality KELOM POK Kolmogorov-Smirnov a Shapiro-Wilk Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig. C * * * O * * * a. Lilliefors Significance Correction *. This is a lower bound of the true significance. ANOVA Sum of Squares df Square F Sig. C Between Groups Within Groups Total O Between Groups Within Groups Total

18 Lampiran 3 Permohonan Ethical Clearance

19 Lampiran 4 Ethical Clearance

20 Lampiran 5

21 Surat Izin Penelitian pada Fakultas MIPA USU

22 Lampiran 6 Surat Keterangan Hasil Penelitian dari FMIPA

23 Lampiran 7 Surat Izin Penelitian di Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Bahan dan Sumber University Sains Malaysia

24 Lampiran 8 Surat Keterangan Penelitian dari Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Bahan dan Sumber University Sains Malaysia

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