PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN CAMPURAN LIQUID ASBUTON TERHADAP ASPAL PORUS PADA NILAI FLOW DAN BINDER DRAIN DOWN

Transkripsi

1 JURNAL TUGAS AKHIR PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN CAMPURAN LIQUID ASBUTON TERHADAP ASPAL PORUS PADA NILAI FLOW DAN BINDER DRAIN DOWN Oleh : MARIUNUS MANGUSSA. D JURUSAN SIPIL FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS HASANUDDIN MAKASSAR

2 MIXTURE USE INFLUENCE LIQUID ASBUTON TOWARDS ASPHALT POROUS IN VALUE FLOW AND BINDER DRAIN DOWN M. gani 1, H. Arfan, M. Mangussa 2 ABSTRACT : Porous Asphalt asphalt mixture that being developed for construction wearing course. this layer uses opened gradation (open graded) that is spreaded on waterproof asphalt covering. mixture is dominated by coarse aggregate, to get pore enough tall so that got permeability porous asphalt tall, where is permeability memfungsikan to subsurface drain. in indonesia the increasing of national asphalt need can not be filled asphalt production in country, so that half from total still must be imported. one of [the] alternative that can considering to decrease asphalt import all at once repair bituminous mixture performance make use liquid asbuton. the troubleshoot how far use liquid asbuton can subsidize asphalt performance porus remember in liquid asbuton contain mineral that can clog existing pore. to test water flow time in asphalt pore porus, done watchfulness at laboratory with make test thing has used japanese gradation as much as 60 fruit with 5 asphalt degree variations to has got optimum asphalt degree value and as much as 12 fruit by using optimum asphalt degree values. from asphalt characteristics testing result porus by using optimum asphalt degree value is got value cantabro 13,01%, porosity value 15,81%, flow speed value 0,143 cm/dtk, value binder drain-down 0,08% and stability value marshall 952,92 kg. Keyword: asphalt porus, Liquid Asbuton, value flow, binder drain down, japanese gradation FOREWORD Along construction technology development perkerasan road, design perkerasan to increase style scours especially to prevent aquaplaning at runway airfield, (ministry of defence, 1998). moment applied to perkerasan highway, known with previous macadam and then day is known with the title porous asphalt/pa (british standards institutions 2001). asphalt mixture porus be new generation in perkerasan bent, permit water penetrates into flake (wearing course) vertically and horizontal. this layer uses opened gradation (open graded) that is spreaded above waterproof asphalt covering. asphalt covering porus this effectively can give welfare level more, especially at rain time so that doesn't happen aquaplaning so that produce surface coarseness harsher, and can decrease noise (noise reduction). has deposit asbuton that be nature materials found at island buton provinsi celebes south east, asbuton not yet can be maked use in an optimal fashion because still to lose to compete with oil asphalt, this matter is caused because 1 2 Lecturer, civil technique direction, university hasanuddin, makassar 90245, indonesia Student university, civil technique direction, university hasanuddin, makassar 90245, indonesia 2

3 asbuton still necessary cleansing beforehand before maked use for mixture perkerasan. besides degree bitumen found on asbuton low relative, that is vary between 15% - 45% from heavy total. (tjitjik, s sastramihardja, 1998). METHODOLOGY method eksperimental serious (trueexperimental research) used in this watchfulness with holds effort activity at where is asphalt porus produced by using aggregate kind with opened gradation system (open granded). aggregate is got from river bili district parangloe result stone crusher celebes province south, while liquid asbuton taken from testing area laboratory and celebes province clan build official technology development south later on is done observation towards values karaktristik ingredient at university transportation engineer laboratory hasanuddin. next made test thing with 5 asphalt degree variations to get optimum asphalt degree value, after got optimum asphalt degree value is done testing marshall, cantabro, binder drain-down, and flow speed. ingredients that used in asphalt mixture porus beforehand tested characteristics from each coarse aggregate good ingredient, soft aggregate, filler also testing towards liquid asbuton where does testing method threaten in sni and this testing is done at laboratory. every asphalt degree variation is made 3 test things (total 72 test things). Tabel 1. Karakteristik bahan agregat kasar Jenis Pengujian Metode Pengujian Satuan Syarat Curah (Bulk) SSD Semu Penyerapan Air Keausan Agregat (Abration) Indeks Kepipihan SNI-M % 2,5 % 3,0 % 40 % 25 Tabel 2. Karakteristik bahan agregat halus Jenis Pengujian Curah (Bulk) SSD Semu Penyerapan Air Sand Equivalent Metode Pengujian Indeks SNI-M-25- % 25 Kelonjongan -03 (sumber: Standar Nasional Indonesia) Satuan (sumber: Standar Nasional Indonesia) Syarat % 2,5 % 3,0 % 50 Tabel 3. Karakteristik bahan pengisi (filler) Jenis Metode Pengujian Pengujian Satuan Syarat Curah (Bulk) SSD Semu Penyerapan Air % 3,0 (sumber: Standar Nasional Indonesia) 3

4 Tabel 4. Karakteristik bahan liquid Asbuton Jenis Pengujian Metode Syarat Penetrasi, 25 o C, 100 gr, 5 dtk; 0,1 mm Penetrasi Setelah Kehilangan Berat Titik Nyala Titik Lembek Berat jenis (25 o C) Penurunan Berat Viscositas 280 Cst (Temp. pencampuran) Viscositas 280 Cst (Temp. pemadatan) Daktilitas (25 o C, 5 cm/menit) SNI SNI SNI SNI SNI SNI SNI SNI SNI (sumber: Standar Nasional Indonesia) Tabel 5. Standar pengujian benda uji Jenis pengujian Maks Min Min Min. 50 Standar Pengujian Binder drain-down AASHTO T305 Permeabilitas Simposium III FSTPT, ISBN No X Marshall SNI Cantabro ASTM C-131 RESULT AND DISCUSSION Aggregate Physical Character Characteristics aggregate physical character testing result to detects aggregate use elegibility upon which bituminous mixture is done at laboratory by using testing method sni, the result in its entirety visible in table 6, 7, and 8. coarse aggregate characteristics, soft aggregate characteristics, and stuffing ingredient characteristics (filler) up to standard spesification to be used as bituminous mixture aggregate. Tabel 6. Hasil pengujian sifat fisik agregat kasar Jenis Pengujian Sat. Hasil Spek. Curah (Bulk) - 2,66 2,5 SSD - 2,50 2,5 Semu - 2,50 2,5 Penyerapan Air % 1,83 3,0 Keausan Agregat (Abration) % 15,33 40 Indeks Kepipihan % 3,35 25 Indeks Kelonjongan % 13,28 25 Tabel 7. Hasil pengujian sifat fisik agregat halus Jenis Pengujian Sat. Hasil Spek. Curah (Bulk) - 2,56 2,5 SSD - 2,65 2,5 Semu - 2,76 2,5 Penyerapan Air % 2,56 3,0 Send Equivalent % 82,76 50 Tabel 8. Hasil pengujian sifat fisik bahan pengisi Jenis Pengujian Sat. Hasil Spek. Curah (Bulk) - 2,41 2,5 SSD - 2,52 2,5 Semu - 2,59 2,5 Penyerapan Air % 2,64 3,0 broken stone (ø5 mm - ø10 mm), sand, and stone ash each of 85%,5%, and 10% from heavy aggregate. aggregate that used to design and made based on japanese gradation with composition that is showed in table 9. 4

5 Cantabro % PASS Tabel 9. Gradasi Jepang Ukuran Ayakan Gradasi % Lolos Saringan ASTM (mm) Jepang 1 25,4-3/4 19, /2 12, /8 9, No. 4 4, No.8 2, No. 30 0, No. 50 0, No , No , Titik Lembek o C (25 C) - 1,26 Min. 1 Penurunan Berat % berat 1,40 - Viscositas 170 Cst (Temp. Pencampuran) o C Viscositas 280 Cst (Temp. Pemadatan) Daktilitas (25 C, 5 cm/menit) o C cm 66.7 Min. 50 Testing Result Cantabro Loss Asphalt Porus COMBINED GRANDING NO 200 NO 100 NO.50 NO.30 NO.8 NO.4 3/8" 1/2" 3/4" Titik Kontrol Gradasi Gabungan picture 2 show that with asphalt degree variation 6%,7%,8%,9%, and 10% produce value cantabro loss each 43,04%, 27,67% 15,33%, 12,74% and 9,12%. from this testing result shows endurance a test thing, more littleer lose heavy that in test thing means more hold back test thing No. SIEVE Gambar 1. Pembagian butir agregat gabungan Karakteristik Bahan Liquid Asbuton Hasil pengujian karakteristik sifat bahan liquid Asbuton disajikan pada Tabel 10. Tabel 10. Hasil pengujian sifat bahan liquid Asbuton Jenis Pengujian Sat. Hasil Spek Penetrasi (25 C, 5 dtk, 100 gr) Penetrasi Setelah Kehilangan Titik Nyala 0,1 mm % semula 56 o C 310 Maks ,30 - Min Gambar 2. Hubungan antara kadar aspal dengan cantabro loss Asphalt Porosity Testing Result Porus picture 3 show that asphalt degree variation 6%,7%,8%,9%, and 10% produce porosity value each 16,54%, 16,04% 15,92%, 15,45% and 15,05%. from this testing result shows that 5

6 Binder Drain Down Porositas Permeabilitas porosity value decreaseds at the height of asphalt degree, this be caused has thermoplastis where in certain hot temperature has character like hydrogen that is occupied space/hole that stay in mixture so that decry holes in mixture Gambar 3. Hubungan antara kadar aspal dengan porositas Testing Result Permabilitas Asphalt Porus picture 4 show that asphalt degree variation degree 6%,7%,8%,95%, and 10% produce permeability value each 0,218%, 0,188% 0,164%, 0,134% and 0,121%. from this testing result will show connection between asphalt degree with where increase it asphalt degree so permeability coefficient value in test thing decreased, this be caused because with increase it asphalt degree so hole volume that resides in in test thing on the wane effect [of] tutupnya hole by asphalt film so that time to channel water from surface longer Gambar 4. Hubungan antara kadar aspal dengan permeabilitas Testing Result Binder Drain-Down Asphalt Porus picture 5 show that asphalt degree variation 6%,7%,8%,9%, and 10% produce value binder drain down each 0,02%, 0,03% 0,06%, 0,09% and 0,10%. from this testing result will show that with increase it asphalt degree so draindown also will increase but the increasing of value drain-down not too significant this matter caused soft aggregate ability in absorbs asphalt so that asphalt possibility falls on the wane Gambar 5. Hubungan antara kadar aspal dengan binder drain down Connection Between Asphalt Degree With VIM 6

7 Flow VIM Stability picture 6 show that with asphalt degree variation 6%,7%,8%,9% and 10% produce value void in mix (vim) each 16,58%, 16,06% 15,95%, 15,48% and 15,09%. from this testing result shows that value vim decreased at the height of asphalt degree Gambar 6. Hubungan antara kadar aspal dengan VIM Connection Between Asphalt Degree With Stability picture 7 show that with asphalt degree variation 6%,7%,8%,9%, and 10% produce stability value each 779,29 kg, 925,62 kg, 999,22 kg, 946,48 kg and 888,50 kg. from this testing result shows that connection between asphalt degree with where does stability value in asphalt porus increase with increase it asphalt degree but when achieve stability value certain asphalt degree experience depreciation. from our the mentioned can detect asphalt degree limit that wanted in aggregate mixing to perkerasan bent, when does asphalt degree that given too over do at one particular mixture so influence where does construction that produced inclined be stiff and road will experience crack Gambar 7. Hubungan antara kadar aspal dengan stabilitas Connection Between Asphalt Degree With Flow picture 8 show that with asphalt degree variation 6%,7%,8%,9%, and 10% produce value flow each 3,11 mm, 3,48 mm, 3,66 mm, 3,75 mm and 4,04 mm. from this testing result will show connection between asphalt degree with value flow where does value flow in asphalt porus consistently will rise with increase it asphalt degree. this caused by two factors that is hole quantity in asphalt mixture porus and influence from asphalt has plastis Gambar 8. Hubungan antara kadar aspal dengan flow Connection Between Asphalt Degree With Marshall Quotient

8 Marshall Quotient picture 9 show that with asphalt degree variation 6%,7%,8%,9% and 10% produce value marshall quotient each 250,68 kg/mm, 266,22 kg/mm, 273,06 kg/mm, 252,20 kg/mm and 219,73 kg/mm. parameter marshall quotient (mq) be comparison between stability with flow, addition rules that suggested by build clan. value mq be mixture rigidity indicator and flexibility Gambar 9. Hubungan antara kadar aspal dengan marshall quotient Optimum Asphalt Degree Determination Optimum asphalt degree determination is determined from connection several testing parameters mix desaign asphalt porus such as those which seen in picture 10. Void in Mix, VIM (%) Stabilitas (kg) Flow (mm) Marshall Quatient (kg/mm) Cantabro (%) Porositas (%) Permeabilitas (cm/det) Binder Drain Down (%) KADAR ASPAL (%) KADAR ASPAL OPTIMUM = = Gambar 10. Kadar aspal optimum Picture 10 show that optimum asphalt degree happens in asphalt degree 8,6 % % where is factor very influence value kao limit value connection on testing marshall quatient and limit value under testing cantabro because in graph marshall quatient that fulfil only in asphalt degree 6% - 9% and in graph cantabro value that fulfil only in asphalt degree 8,25% - 10%, while for testing vim, stability flow, permeability porosity and drain-down as a whole asphalt degree value 6% - 10% fulfil standard spesification. Asphalt Testing Porus Use Asphalt Degree Porus Asphalt sample maker porus for testing cantabro, porosity, flow speed, binder drain down, and marshall, use optimum asphalt degree. Testing Result Cantabro Loss Table 11 show that by using optimum asphalt degree value 8,6 % produce value cantabro loss in first sample 12,82 %, second sample 14,14 % and third sample 12,05 % averagely testing result that is 13,01 %. Tabel 11. Hasil pengujian cantabro loss Berat sebelum Berat setelah Kode Persentase Kadar Kehilangan berat Kehilangan Berat pengujian pengujian Sample Aspal Optimum (%) (%) Mo Mi L Rata - Rata Spesifikasi Maks. 15 8

9 Porosity Testing Result Table 12 show that by using optimum asphalt degree value 8,6 % produce first sample porosity value 16,90 %, second sample 15,46 % and third sample 15,06 % averagely Tabel 12. Hasil pengujian porositas No. Sampel 8.6 % Satuan Tabel 13. Hasil pengujian kecepatan pengaliran Pengukuran Satuan Benda Uji I II III Rata-rata t det d cm Kec. Pengaliran cm/det Spesifikasi Min. 0.1 Testing Result Binder Drain-Down Porositas (P) Rata Rata Spesifikasi % table 14 show that by using optimum asphalt degree value 8,6 % produce value binder drain down in first sample 0,07 %, second sample 0,09 % and third sample 0,07 % averagely testing result that is 0,08 %. Hasil Pengujian Kecepatan Pengaliran Flow Speed Testing Result Flow speed testing has been done after sample/briquet that cold in mould without ekstruksi. mould empty put above mould sample containing. second connection exterior mould menempeli plasticine so that water not menembus out. then water contents as high as 5 cm from on sample surface. long vertical direction water flow in sample is registerred, until dry sample surface. rules minimum permeability is adopted in this watchfulness 0,1 cm/dtk. here water flow time is defined as time total need to flow 5 cm water from on surface spesimen. Table 13 show that by using optimum asphalt degree value 8,6 % produce flow speed value in first sample 0,145 cm/dtk, second sample 0,142 cm/dtk and third sample 0,142 cm/dtk averagely testing result that is 0,143 cm/dtk. Tabel 14. Hasil pengujian binder draindown Berat wadah + Kode Persentase Kadar Berat awal wadah Berat total sample Drainage drainage Sample Aspal Optimum (%) (%) A B C Testing Result Marshall Rata - Rata 0.08 Spesifikasi Maks. 0.3 Table 15 show that by using optimum asphalt degree value 8,6 % produce value vim in first sample 15,48 %, second sample 15,70 % and third sample 16,27 % averagely testing result that is 15,82 %, stability value in first sample 943,60 kg, second sample 962,19 kg and 9

10 third sample 952,97 kg averagely testing result that is 952,92 kg, value flow in first sample 3,70 mm, second sample 3,65 mm and third sample 3,80 mm averagely testing result that is 3,72 mm, value marshall quotient in first sample 255,03 kg/mm, second sample 263,61 kg/mm and third sample 250,78 kg/mm averagely testing result that is 256,47 kg/mm. Tabel 15. Hasil pengujian marshall CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION Conclusion Based on data analysis that got in this watchfulness, so inferential as follows: 1. from asphalt characteristics testing analysis result porus that use open graded japanese gradation with liquid asbuton upon which binder can fulfil spesification parameter for structure perkerasan bent. 2. optimum asphalt degree value that got from connection graph analysis result several asphalt performance parameters porus (cantabro, porosity, permeability, binder drain down, stability marshall, flow, and marshall quotient) 8,6 %. 3. water flow time analysis result in asphalt pore porus flow speed testing uses optimum asphalt degree value is got result that is 0,143 cm/dtk. this show asphalt porus use japanese gradation and liquid asbuton upon which binder can channel water well because fulfil spesification parameter minimum 0,1 cm/dtk. Suggestion Based on watchfulness result, proposed several suggestions as follows: 1. Necessary be done test variation try watchfulness hit water flow time insides asphalt pore porus furthermore again so that can detect until how far asphalt ability porus if flowed water and in the event of gagging. 2. Necessary done test tries asphalt use application porus to ruas - ruas road in indonesia especially in region with curah rain with tall accident level. DAFTAR PUSTAKA Affan, M. Perilaku Aspal Porus Diuji dengan Alat Marshall dan Wheel Tracking Machine. Simposium III FSTPT, ISBN no X. Diana. I, W., Siswosoebrotho. B. I, Karsaman. R. B. Sifat-Sifat Teknik dan Permeabilitas pada Aspal Porus. Simposium III FSTPT, ISBN no X. Diana, I. W Engineering Properties and Permeability Performance of Porous Asphalt. Master Theses from JBPT ITB PP. Djumari, D. Sarwono Perencanaan Gradasi Aspal Porus Menggunakan Material Lokal dengan Metode Pemampatan Kering. Jurnal penelitian Media Teknik Sipil Volume IX:

11 Hardiman Drainage Time of Porous Asphalt Mixes Due to The Various Propotion and Concentration of Soils, Dinamika Teknik Sipil, Volume 8, Nomor 1, Januari : Hwee, L. B, Guwe, V Performance Related Evaluation of Asphalt Porous Mix Design, Prosiding of Malaysia Road Conference, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Nurazwar. Z, Setiawan. T, Setiawati. Y. Studi Perilaku Campuran Aspal Berpori Terhadap Proporsi Agregat Kasar. Jurnal Penelitian Media Teknik No. 4 Tahun XXIII Edisi Nopember 2001 No. ISSN Penuntun Praktikum edisi kelima Laboratorium Rekayasa Transportasi Jurusan Sipil Fakultas Teknik Universitas Hasanuddin. Sarwono. D, Wardhani. A. K Pengukuran Sifat Permeabilitas Campuran Porous Asphalt. Jurnal penelitian Media Teknik Sipil, Edisi Juli: Setyawan, A Observasi Propertis Aspal Porus Berbagai Gradasi dengan Material Lokal. Jurnal penelitian Media Teknik Sipil, Specification for Porous Asphalt Road Engineering Association of Malaysia joint with Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia. Sukirman, S Perkerasan Lentur Jalan raya. Bandung:Nova. Sukirman, S Beton Aspal Campuran Panas. Bandung:Granit. 11