Quiz 1: Break Even. Taylor, B. W., 2009, Introduction to Management Science

Transkripsi

1 Quiz 1: Break Even The Retread Tire Company recaps tires. The fixed annual cost of the recapping operation is $60,000. The variable cost of recapping a tire is $9. The company charges $25 to recap a tire. For an annual volume of 12,000 tires, determine the total cost, total revenue, and profit. Determine the annual break-even volume for the Retread Tire Company operation. Evergreen Fertilizer Company produces fertilizer. The company's fixed monthly cost is $25,000, and its variable cost per pound of fertilizer is $0.15. Evergreen sells the fertilizer for $0.40 per pound. Determine the monthly break-even volume for the company.

2 Quiz 1: Break Even Annie McCoy, a student at Tech, plans to open a hot dog stand inside Tech's football stadium during home games. There are seven home games scheduled for the upcoming season. She must pay the Tech athletic department a vendor's fee of $3,000 for the season. Her stand and other equipment will cost her $4,500 for the season. She estimates that each hot dog she sells will cost her $0.35. She has talked to friends at other universities who sell hot dogs at games. Based on their information and the athletic department's forecast that each game will sell out, she anticipates that she will sell approximately 2,000 hot dogs during each game. What price should she charge for a hot dog in order to break even? What factors might occur during the season that would alter the volume sold and thus the break-even price Annie might charge? What price would you suggest that Annie charge for a hot dog to provide her with a reasonable profit while remaining competitive with other food vendors?

3 Computer Solution Siapkan cell untuk: Fixed cost Variable cost Price Volume Total cost Total revenue Break even

4 Computer Solution Total cost tc = c f + vc v Total revenue Z = vp (c f + vc v ) Break even v = c f / (p c v )

5 Tambahan soal If the maximum operating capacity of Evergreen Fertilizer Company is 120,000 pounds of fertilizer per month, determine the break-even volume as a percentage of capacity. If the maximum operating capacity of Evergreen Fertilizer Company is 120,000 pounds of fertilizer per month, determine the break-even volume as a percentage of capacity.

6 Introduction to Management Science: Analisis Sensitivitas

7 Analisis Sensitivitas Mempelajari perubahan pada model sains manajemen Pada perumusan model, diasumsikan parameter-parameternya (biaya tetap, biaya variabel, harga) tidak berubah Pada kenyataannya, tidak mungkin konstan

8 Contoh Kasus Perusahaan Western Clothing Co memproduksi celana jeans. Biaya tetap = $10000 Biaya variabel = $8 per unit celana Volume produksi = 400 unit Harga per unit celana = $23 Break even: Z = vp c f vc v 0 = v(23) $10000 (8)v 0 = 23v - $ v 15v = $10000 v = unit celana

9 Contoh Kasus

10 Analisis Sensitivitas - Price Harga dinaikkan dari $23 menjadi $30, sehingga titik break even berubah v = c f / ( p c v ) v = $10000 / ( $30 - $8 ) v = unit celana Harga naik break-even menurun Harga naik penjualan semakin sulit Penjualan sulit penambahan kualitas kemasan, iklan, dll

11 Analisis Sensitivitas - Price

12 Analisis Sensitivitas variable cost Peningkatan harga peningkatan kualitas Biaya variabel meningkat dari $8 menjadi $12 v = c f / ( p c v ) v = $10000 / ( $30 - $12 ) v = unit celana Peningkatan variable cost peningkatan break-even

13 Analisis Sensitivitas Variable Cost

14 Analisis Sensitivitas Fixed Cost Peningkatan biaya iklan untuk mengantisipasi turunnya penjualan karena peningkatan harga Biaya tetap meningkat dari $10000 menjadi $13000 v = c f / ( p c v ) v = $13000 / ( $30 - $12 ) v = unit celana

15 Analisis Sensitivitas Fixed Cost

16 Analisis Sensitivitas Perlunya menganalisis dampak perubahan dari satu komponen break even terhadap model secara keseluruhan Mempertimbangkan perubahan satu komponen tidak cukup tanpa mempertimbangkan dampaknya secara keseluruhan

17 Latihan Evergreen Fertilizer Company produces fertilizer. The company's fixed monthly cost is $25,000, and its variable cost per pound of fertilizer is $0.15. Evergreen sells the fertilizer for $0.40 per pound. Determine the monthly break-even volume for the company. If Evergreen Fertilizer Company changes the price of its fertilizer from $0.40 per pound to $0.60 per pound, what effect will the change have on the break-even volume? If Evergreen Fertilizer Company changes its production process to add a weed killer to the fertilizer in order to increase sales, the variable cost per pound will increase from $0.15 to $0.22. What effect will this change have on the break-even volume? If Evergreen Fertilizer Company increases its advertising expenditures by $14,000 per year, what effect will the increase have on the break-even volume?